Du Fu (7 12 -770), with beautiful words, is a great realistic poet in the Tang Dynasty, and is also called "Du Li" with Li Bai. Later generations also called it Du Yishi, Du Gongbu, Du Shaoling and Du Caotang. Du Fu's poetry works mostly reflect the social outlook at that time, with a wide range of themes and profound implications. He is especially good at describing the miserable and difficult life of ordinary people and expressing his sympathy for the people and his feelings of worrying about the country and the people. He was called "the sage of poetry" by later generations, and his poems were called "the history of poetry".
Du Fu was originally from Xiangyang, Hubei, and later moved to Gongxian, Henan. As a teenager, he traveled to wuyue and Zhao Qi successively, and went to Luoyang during this period. After thirty-five, I came first and last in Chang 'an. Later, he presented a gift to the emperor and gave it to the nobles, but the officialdom was always frustrated. 165438+In October 755, the Anshi Rebellion broke out and Tongguan fell. Du Fu moved to many places and abandoned his official position in 759. After many twists and turns, he finally arrived in Chengdu. With the help of Yanwu and others, a thatched cottage, the former site of Du Fu's thatched cottage, was built in the west of Huanhua River. Later people called it "Du Fu Caotang", also known as "Huanhuacaotang".
Later, it was recommended by Yanwu as the festival capital, and the whole family lived in fengjie county, Sichuan. In the spring of 764, Yanwu came to Shu again, and Du Fu returned to the thatched cottage where he had been wandering for nearly two years. Yanwu recommended Du Fu as a collator of the Ministry of Industry and became Yanwu's staff. Soon Du Fu resigned again. In April 765, Yanwu died and Du Fu left Chengdu.
Chengdu Du Fu Caotang Museum is located at No.37, Tsinghua Road, Qingyang District, Chengdu, Sichuan. Du Fu Memorial Hall was established in 1955, and 1985 was renamed Chengdu Du Fu Caotang Museum. It is a national 4A-level tourist attraction, covering an area of nearly 300 mu. It is the architectural style of Ming and Qing Dynasties. The buildings in the thatched cottage are elegant and quaint, and the gardens are quiet. It is a pilgrimage site for China literati.
On the day we visited the thatched cottage, the sky was clear, the wind was sunny, the trees were swaying and the spring was full, which was a good time to play.
There are many kinds of buildings, numerous pavilions and rockeries, lush vegetation, verdant bamboo forests, pleasant scenery, winding paths leading to secluded places, door to door and a set of scenery, which seems to be a mystery to newcomers. Among the many scenic spots in the thatched cottage, several left a deep impression on me, and I think it is necessary to have a look.
One is Daya Gallery. It used to be the Hall of Heroes in Caotang Temple, and later it was changed into a poetry exhibition hall. The word "Daya Gallery" on the plaque is said to have been written by Yan Zhenqing, a calligrapher in the Tang Dynasty. Friends who love calligraphy especially must pay special attention to it. The murals inside recorded the story of Du Fu's life, which made people feel sad after reading it.
The second is the former residence of the hut. This is the former site of the thatched cottage built by friends after Du Fu entered Sichuan. 1997, reconstructed according to Du Fu's poems and other historical materials. The hut is surrounded by mountains and rivers, and there are many bamboo frames, which greatly reproduces the layout and indoor furnishings of the year.
Stepping into the cabin tour area, three rooms are displayed in front of you. In the middle is the bedroom where Du Fu's family lives and rests, and on the left and right are the reception room and kitchen. I don't think the thatched cottage in those days was as spacious and elegant as it is now, otherwise Du Fu would not have written "Autumn wind whistling in August, and San Mao came to my house".
It seems that I saw the old poet who was worried about the country and the people, standing helplessly in the cold wind and rain, watching the hut broken by the autumn wind, watching the whole family being beaten by the wind and rain, and sighing bitterly at the sky, "It's a peaceful building, which protects the poor in the world from laughing, and the wind and rain are like a calm mountain." What kind of broad mind is this, what kind of feelings of home and country is this, and what kind of ideological realm is this? !
The third is the flower diameter. According to legend, there is a path leading to the thatched cottage with flowers and trees on both sides. Bloom was quite spectacular. We can see Du Fu's gentle side as a poet. "Flower Path" is taken from the poem "My path is full of petals-I swept it for others, and my thatched door was closed-but now it is open for you" in Du Fu's "Guests Arrive". What romantic feelings? It seems that Du Fu, known as a realistic poet, became romantic and did not lose Li Bai at all. It is no wonder that after they met, they appreciated each other and became friends who had forgotten the past year.
According to records, the poem Hakka Zhi was written by Du Fu after a friend visited him after he lived in the thatched cottage. The flower diameter reproduces the style of the path in those days. It is about 100 meters long, surrounded by green bamboos, antique and full of charm. But now, compared with Du Fu's path in those days, the path is somewhat luxurious. It's also fun for tourists to take photos here.
The fourth is the ten thousand Buddha building. The Wanfo Building is located in the nanmu forest on the east side of the thatched cottage. It was rebuilt in 2005 and restored the style of Chengdu, a famous historical and cultural city. There is a worship tower in the east and a Wanfo Building in the west. Climbing the Wan Cheng stupa and looking at the railing, you can get a panoramic view of Chengdu, which is quite refreshing and can be described as one of the landmark buildings of Du Fu Caotang.
The fifth is the Western Pavilion. In fact, this is a very ordinary pavilion, and there is nothing special about it, but I have to mention it. After all, this sentence comes from Du Gongbu's famous "Delighting in Rain on a Spring Night", "Good rain knows the season, when spring comes". Sneak into the night with the wind, moisten things silently. The wild path is dark, and the river is bright. Look at the red and wet place, the flowers in Jinguancheng are heavy. "
Du Fu had lived in a thatched cottage for two years when he wrote this poem. I usually grow vegetables and flowers like farmers, sowing in spring and harvesting in autumn, and working hard, but I live a rare and stable life. This poem depicts the characteristics of Chengdu's spring rain and the scene of rainy nights, enthusiastically eulogizes the spring rain that moistens all things, and shows the feeling that "light rain comes at the right time".
In addition to these places, Shaoling Monument Pavilion, Huanhua Temple, Huanhuaxi, Caotang Academy, Yangzhitang, Du's calligraphy woodcut gallery and other scenic spots are also to be visited. It's just that on the day we went, Yangzhitang didn't open the door for the guests, so we didn't have a chance to go in.
In addition, there is an exhibition hall of "The Millennium Works of Poets and Saints", which contains Du Fu's life and all kinds of classic poems written in his life. For literary lovers, especially poetry lovers, we should savor it carefully.
Personally, I feel that Du Fu's Caotang appreciates not only the beautiful scenery, but also Du Fu's humanistic feelings and the cultural accumulation brought by his poems to future generations. This is the personality charm of Du Fu, a great writer in ancient times, which will always be worthy of admiration and nostalgia by future generations.
Completed on 2019.7.141:11.
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