First, porcelain is fragile, so attention should be paid to shock prevention, extrusion prevention and collision prevention when storing it. When appreciating the collection, be careful not to bump or fall, and try not to touch it with sweaty hands. It's best to wear gloves when looking at the collection, and the table is padded with flannel. Don't pass it on to each other when watching. One person should put it on the table after reading it, and others should hold it.
Second, bottles, cans, statues and other porcelain are generally spliced from bottom to top, and you can't lift the neck of the upper part of the object when moving. The correct way is to hold your neck with one hand and your ass with the other. Some bottles, jars and statues are decorated with ears, so you can't just lift the ears when you take them away, so as not to break or damage them. Thin-walled containers are thin, light and delicate, so be more careful when handling and placing them. Hold the bottom with both hands, and never use it with one hand, especially the bottle, which has small feet and long body and needs to be blown down by the wind.
Three, just bought high-temperature glaze or underglaze porcelain, should be soaked in water 1 hour, then use detergent to wash off the appearance of oil, dry the water with a towel and put it in the box. The box should be filled with foam, and the diameter after adding foam should not exceed 0.5 cm. The collection should be moderately elastic in the box to avoid squeezing and prevent the collection from being damaged.
4. Unearthed low-temperature glaze and glaze color. There will be a lot of impurities in glaze color, and even the phenomenon of stripping and discoloration will occur. A small amount of adhesive should be added between the fetal glazes, and then a layer of soft adhesive should be coated on the glaze to prevent the glaze from falling off in a large area. If high-temperature glaze or underglaze color is buried underground for a long time, a large number of calcium and silicon compounds, namely soil rust, will also be produced on the surface of porcelain. It can be washed with clean water once, soaked in 3% hydrogen peroxide for about 3 hours, soaked in clean water for more than 30 hours, and washed with clean white cloth, which can generally remove soil rust. If it cannot be removed, you can apply acetic acid to the soil rust with a brush. After 5 hours, use a medical scalpel to remove soil rust obliquely, and the blade can only cut in one direction. After most of the soil rust is removed, clean it with Bai Jie cloth and toothpaste until the soil rust is completely removed. This method is only suitable for high temperature glaze and underglaze color.
Five, cleaning oil and other dirt, should master the following skills and methods:
1, general stains can be washed with alkaline water, soap and washing powder, and then washed with clear water.
2. Wash the thin-walled porcelain in winter, control the water temperature, and prevent the porcelain from bursting due to alternating hot and cold water.
3, colored porcelain, some because the color contains more lead, there is a phenomenon of pan-lead, you can first scrub with a cotton swab dipped in white vinegar, and then wash with water.
4. If the porcelain is cracked or cracked, the stain can easily "seep" in, so you can scrub it with a toothbrush dipped in acidic liquid. However, this method can not be used for glazed objects, because acidic and alkaline substances are easy to destroy the glaze color. If it is lacquered gold porcelain, you can't clean it with a feather duster, because the feather duster can easily damage the gold lacquer on the porcelain. Valuable porcelain should be equipped with wooden cases or boxes of corresponding size and bravery to preserve the collection.
Although porcelain is very precious, some Tibetan friends are puzzled by its maintenance, but as long as the method is proper, it can be properly maintained and enjoyed. Due to poor fetal quality, uneven glaze color, or crystallization or deposition of one or more components synthesized in some porcelain glazes, when silica is deposited to a certain extent, the glaze will turn milky white, or the color and patterns on the ceramic body will be covered by opaque films; In this case, 1% hydrofluoric acid can be applied locally for a few minutes at a time, then the acid marks are washed off with distilled water, and then finely ground with fine metallographic sandpaper to restore its transparency as much as possible and expose the underglaze decoration. Glaze hardened lime can be removed by 5% hydrochloric acid or nitric acid.
Adhesives for porcelain should be colorless and transparent, with high bonding strength, strong anti-aging ability and fast curing speed. After bonding, it is difficult to distinguish the gaps between stubbles. When bonding, we should follow the pre-designed plan and take care of the adjacent relationship. Generally, it can start from the bottom, and some can start from the edge of the mouth. But there can be no mistake in bonding one piece, and a dislocation will affect the whole device. After bonding, it must be squeezed and fixed with inch tape.
Glaze defects should be filled with resin and quartz powder to make paste, sludge or gypsum should be used as local molds, filled with resin paste, and then polished with sandpaper. The most difficult thing is to make glaze color. Porcelain is rich in glaze color, mainly acrylic quick-drying color and soft material. The combination of pen-spraying and hand-painting is used to treat each color and pattern separately. Glaze gloss can be selected from "glass white" paint, colorless and transparent two-component polyurethane varnish and acrylic varnish. After spraying, it can be polished with cloth or agate roller. China has always had three major porcelain capitals, namely Jingdezhen in Jiangxi, Dehua County in Quanzhou, Fujian and Liling City in Hunan. Jingdezhen: Needless to say, Jingdezhen's artistic ceramics have a wide variety and high collection value. It is famous for its craft porcelain. Blue and white, glazed red, famille rose and fighting color are all top grades, which were once gifts from China to foreign heads of state.
Dehua: During the Song and Yuan Dynasties, with the prosperity of Quanzhou Tong Tong Port, it was exported to overseas. Many ceramics salvaged from Nanhai No.1 are made in Dehua. Dehua White Porcelain is highly respected at home and abroad, enjoying the reputation of "China White", especially the sculpture figures, which have charming artistic charm. The white porcelain built in the Ming Dynasty is called "the pearl of oriental art".
Liling City: Liling ceramics production has a history of nearly two thousand years. As early as the Eastern Han Dynasty, Liling had a large-scale workshop, specializing in pottery production. In the seventh year of Yongzheng in Qing Dynasty (1729), Liling began to burn coarse porcelain. Liling underglaze multicolored porcelain 19 15 won the Panama International Gold Award together with Maotai, the national wine. Liling porcelain in modern times, as the porcelain used in the Great Hall of the People, is called "national porcelain".
trait
1, wear-resistant, waterproof and good thermal insulation.
2. Porcelain is delicate and soft.
3. The shape of the container is regular,
4, the picture is bright and glazed with good texture.
5. Exquisite design and art.
Functional medical care