The above statement is of great reference value for understanding Xuan Nv's role, but it is also biased, mainly because the annotator failed to make full use of a large number of handed down documents about Xuan Nv since Wei and Jin Dynasties. Through the investigation of these documents, the author thinks that before the Song Dynasty, Xuan Nv's functions mainly include: If we admit that Xuan Nv originated from the reproductive worship of ancient women, then among Xuan Nv's many functions, his identity is the palace god first. Although the purposes of sexual intercourse and sexual worship are different, the former lies in preserving health, prolonging life and even living forever, and the latter lies in the prosperity of race, but they are internally related in the mystery of sex, and both achieve their goals through sexual intercourse between men and women.
The earliest record of the mysterious goddess in the room began in the Han Dynasty, and Liu Xiang wrote a book in the Legend of Immortals in the Eastern Han Dynasty, which was recorded in Nvji:
A few women, Shang Chen wine girl also. The immortal drinks at home, taking five volumes of Su Shu as the quality, and reading his books several times more is the art of nourishing nature. The method of writing, so 30 years, the color is more like 20, so I abandoned my family to pursue immortality, I don't know what. Cloud: Su Xuan needs to be close; Peng Yong got it and gave five volumes to Chen. Several women are wonderful, and cyclamen comes true. Book quotation, Qi Fei.
The "Su Xuan" in the above quotation is not only the collective name of Xuan Nv and Motome, but also the collective name of the classic Xuan Nv Jing and Granddaughter Jing, and even is often synonymous with the art of sexual intercourse. As can be seen from the above, in the Han Dynasty, Su Xuan, one of the sexual intercourse skills, was regarded as the skill of becoming an immortal, and female students were promoted by mastering this skill.
House art is one of the methods of Taoism, and Xuan Nv, as the god of house art, still occupies the main position. According to Zhang Daoling's record in Volume IV of Ge Hong's Biography of Immortals, Zhang Daoling "adopted metaphysics in medical treatment". During the Wei and Jin Dynasties, there were more than ten kinds of sexual art, among which Su Xuan, Little Chef Hippo, Rong Chenggong and Peng Zu belonged to this category, and Su Xuan was the first. There are scenery, granddaughter scenery, Peng Zujing, scenery, scenery, Tianmen sub-scenery and capacity in the room. Ge Hong's immortal Taoism takes the house as the way to live forever and become immortal. According to it, there are indeed people who live long or become immortals by practicing metaphysics.
Rong Chenggong, who took the road of metaphysics, is 200 years old. (Biography of Immortals, Volume 7, Glory Success)
Those who are willing to start having sex according to the law that makes things mysterious are over 100 years old in the world and have gone to Mount Wu to become immortals. (Biography of Immortals, Volume 10, Shi Gan)
The Yellow Emperor, who used to support Taoism, was endowed with two women, so he was able to complete the secret and the poor Tao was true, so he rose to a high position and was extremely useless to heaven and earth. ("Bao Puzi". Extreme words ")
It seems that the woman in the biography of Liexian quoted above is also immortal because of her right. Xuannv Jing is still recorded in Sui Shu Jing Ji Zhi Motome Mi Dao Jing, Xuannv Jing and other medical prescriptions, but it is not recorded in the later historical records of China, which seems to have been lost. Fortunately, in the second year of Yongguan (984), the Medical Heart Prescription written by Japanese Dan Bokang Lai was preserved or partially preserved. Yi Xin Fang pays attention to health preservation and introduces China traditional medicine. Volume 28 "Interior" is a collection of China's ancient interior art works, which is divided into 30 articles. It is obviously a classic or related to Xuan Nv, including one, and four, four to ten, and a part of the September 11th. According to Fang, The Fairy Tale not only specifically introduces the methods of living room art, but also has a living room theory in line with the spirit of China's philosophy:
The Xuan Nv Jing says: The Yellow Emperor asked Xuan Nv: "I have learned the Yin and Yang of Motome, and I have my own method. I am willing to reply to the way it learns it. Xuan Nv said, "There must be yin and yang between heaven and earth. Yang is transformed by Yin, and Yin is transformed by Yang. One yin and one yang, they must walk together. Therefore, men feel strong, women move away, the two gases are at peace, and the body fluid is connected. If you can know, you will be happy and strong, and your life will be extended, and your color will be like Huaying. " (The First Reason)
From the above documents, it is clear that during the Han and Wei Dynasties, Xuan Nv had a great influence on society, especially Taoism. Xuan Nv and Motome are old-timers of room art, and Peng Zu and Lao Dan are their students. The rise of the Yellow Emperor also depends on their magic weapon, and among Su Xuan, Xuan Nv ranks first. All these show the sacred position of the mysterious women in surgery. Xuan Nv, as the Sivir who guided the Yellow Emperor to defeat Chiyou, mainly relied on the related documents such as the Dragon Fish River Map and the Yellow Emperor's Law of Asking the Xuan Female Soldiers. In addition, there is the "Deduction Method" cited in Volume 5 of Huangdi Neijing, which says:
The Yellow Emperor cut Chiyou, and Xuan Nv drummed 80 cows for the imperial system, which shocked 500 Li and even 3,800 Li.
Xuan Nv seems to be the quartermaster of the Yellow Emperor here. But in any case, there is no doubt that Xuan Nv has the function of God of War. Regarding Xuan Nv's function as a god of war, the author thinks that it probably comes from a collateral encounter. The myth of the Yellow Emperor's battle against Chiyou has a long history, and there are many records in pre-Qin documents, but the earliest document that made it clear that Xuan Nv participated in it was the Dragon Fish River Map written by Shu Wei in Han Dynasty. In other words, Xuan Nv had nothing to do with the myth that the Yellow Emperor fought against Chiyou before, but now he suddenly became a pivotal figure in this prestigious jihad, and even reversed the role of Gan Kun. "Dragon Fish River Map" vividly depicts Xuan Nv's great power, but as a weft book, critics are often skeptical about it:
When the Han people forged the Dragon Fish River Map, they even said that the "Regent of the Yellow Emperor" was judged according to the biography of Han Mang and the inscription of Xin Mang, and Wang Mang claimed to be the Yellow Emperor. Ju Mang was photographed, Zhaifang went into chaos and asked for it; It is believed that the story of the Yellow Emperor's Fu Chiyou in the Dragon Fish River Map refers to Wang Mang's discussion on the battle of Zhai Jinfang, so the weapon "Sword and halberd crossbow" commonly used in Han Dynasty was also moved to the battlefield where the Yellow Emperor attacked Chiyou in prehistoric times. Generally speaking, all prehistoric myths circulating in ancient books will be mixed with the author's tools and background of the times.
From this, we can infer that Xuan Nv, who is attached to the meeting at this time, should be a goddess with considerable strength and a long-standing reputation, since she can support the ancestor of follwed on behalf of destiny. And its fame is related to its role as a house god. Han Shu Wenyi Zhi said, "People who live in houses are extremely emotional. When they are in the highest mental state, they will live a quiet life. " In the Han dynasty, alchemists combined qi indoors to seek longevity, while witches practiced healing in folk rooms, which was highly regarded as an advanced way of health preservation by the fashion world. Of the eight books (the only remaining bibliography) recorded in the Zhong Fang category of Hanshu Yiwenzhi, although none of them is related to Xuan Nv, Xuan Nv has a long history in the house in the room. Some scholars speculate that the Xuannv Jing is an ancient book in the Western Han Dynasty. We used to quote Fairy Tales and Lun Heng, and we can really see the great influence of the famous women in this room. In this case, it is not surprising that Xuan Nv, who was originally the teacher of the Yellow Emperor (in terms of house art), was raised as a tiger skin and transformed into an important role in political mythology (adding a new function) to serve Wang Mang's political struggle. As a result, Xuan Nv also experienced the process of being attached as the God of Art in the room-with increasing social influence-and finally being regarded as the God of War. The alchemist rose in the Warring States period, when people regarded it as the art of immortality. After Taoism came into being, Huang Dan Atractylodes macrocephala for external use became an important prescription of Taoism. Xuan Nv, as the god of Dan medicine, was very famous at least in the Wei and Jin Dynasties. It is recorded in Bao Puzi's Inner Chapter:
Nine kinds of pills in this golden liquid are sacrifices. Taiyi Yuan Jun, Laojun and Xuan Nv all came to the province to learn from the scriptures. ("then")
Anyone who makes yellow and white will make Taiyi, Xuan Nv and Lao Tzu sit on the altar. For example, if you do the Nine-Dan Method, you will often burn five spices with endless fragrance. ("Yellow and White")
Here, Taoist priests need to worship gods when they are making an alchemy. Xuan Nv and other gods come to inspect and supervise, which is undoubtedly the patron saint of gods when they are making an alchemy. Combining with the statement in Bao Puzi's Inner Chapter that "returning the golden liquid to the elixir" is "the extreme of the immortal way", "Nine elixirs are the method above the elixir" (elixir) and "the method above the elixir is cinnabar, followed by gold and silver" (elixir), we can see Xuan Nv's important position in the field of elixir medicine.
There is also a popular saying in Taoism that Xuan Nv gave the Yellow Emperor Dan Jing. Wang Kui, a writer in the Tang Dynasty, wrote "A Journey to the Yellow Emperor" and said:
Huangdi climbed Jishan Mountain, visited Wang Zhai, wrote stone letters, made jade scrolls, gained the experience of Jinding Jiudan, and gained Xuan Nv's nine-turn tactic.
Written before the Jin Dynasty, Huangdi Jiuding Shendan Classic is more detailed:
The Yellow Emperor was given to Xuan Nv by Dan. Xuan Nv, the goddess also. The Yellow Emperor joined forces to take it, so he became immortal. Xuan Nv said to the Yellow Emperor, "Anyone who wants to live forever but can't get the alchemy medicine will only suffer. Although breathing leads to spitting out the old and absorbing the new, taking herbal medicine can prolong life and lead to inevitable death. Taking the immortal elixir will make people live forever, be perfect with heaven and earth, and shine with the sun and the moon. "
Xuan Nv's theory of elixir here is consistent with the statement that alchemical minerals such as cinnabar are recommended as ascension drugs. According to Hong Mai's SupplementNo. 12 to Jian Yizhi, Xuan Nv personally refined Dan medicine, and later generations established a palace view in his alchemy. The view of red pine in Jinhua, Wuzhou is said to be the place where Xuan Nv spent nine days in alchemy. When Yun Dan was first established, three grains of grain, one grain for heaven and one grain for land, were all buried in hidden places, and one grain was self-baited. Gai doesn't understand the geometric world!
Jane Yizhi is a work in Song Dynasty, and it was a long-standing legend at that time. Volume II of the seventh book of the same book, Biling Nv, also records the legend of "Mystery" taught by Xuan Nv "Taoist so-called returning to the bone and beginning to die". It seems that Xuan Nv can not only make the living immortal, but also bring the dead back to life.
In addition, it is worth noting that in Taoist alchemy, Xuan Nv is also another name for mercury, the main component of Dan medicine. Wei Boyang's Seven Returns to Dansha (Huang Zhu) said: Born in Xuan Nv (Mercury, located in Taiyin, hence the name Xuan Nv) and born in Huangnan (Sulfur), they all have aura. The alchemy sand becomes mercury, and then the mercury is refined into cinnabar. You can be psychic after seven turns of refining, which is called seven returning to Lingsha.
The above records show that Xuan Nv not only guarded the spirit of Dan medicine, but also had a set of Dan medicine theory, and personally made an alchemy, and even became an anonymous raw material of Dan medicine. So Xuan Nv is indeed the Maru God. "Number" is a magical method, and "number" refers to fate. Magic number is to observe all kinds of changes in nature in various magical ways to infer the fate and destiny of people and countries. This is an ancient foresight. Numerology originated from primitive religious culture, and then developed into Taoist divination, mainly including divination, astrology, taboo in choosing a day, gas observation, wind angle, easy occupation, Taiyi Shenshu, Liu Renshu, Qimen Dunjia and so on. The preface of the Taoist Shu Shu classic "The Dragon's First Huangdi Neijing" is "Huangdi will go to heaven twice. Call the third son and tell him,' I used to receive the dragon's sutra from Xuan Nv', and the book "Dragon's Sutra" has been recorded in the chapter of Bao Puzi. According to this, we can know that Xuan Nv had the function of divining numbers in the Eastern Jin Dynasty at the latest.
There are many documents about Xuan Nv, the god of divination. Now only such books clearly mark Xuan Nv's name in the historical records, which are recorded as follows:
Sui Shu Jing Ji Zhi: A Classic Law Volume for Women.
Old Tang books. Records of Classics: Xuan Nv Playing Five-Tone Method to Bury Classics, by Hu Jun..
New Tang book Yi Wen Zhi: The Classic of Xuannv, a volume of Jun Hu's Xuan Nv's Five-Tone Method, a volume.
History of Song Dynasty: Nine-day classic of Xuannv, Metaphysics of Xuan Nv Stone Carving, Three Volumes of Xuan Nv's Turtle Letter, Three Volumes of's Five Trillions and Five Volumes of Xuan Nv.
Yuan Tiangang is the author of Sun Simiao, Nine-day Xuan Nv Golden Law, Xuan Nv Triple Shooting Sutra, Xuan Nv Longevity Sutra, Xuan Nv Dunjia Secret, Xuan Nv Ren Jian.
Xuan Nv's closing one volume is the formula of six promises' experience, Xuan Nv's Cherno class is one volume, Xuan Nv's Tsinghua Classic is three volumes, Xuan Nv's tomb is one volume, and Xuan Nv's Luo Baotu is one volume.
Xuan Nv's ten lessons, Xuan Nv's tactics of breaking hexagrams, and Xuan Nv's tactics of nine days.
All the above books are classified as "Five Elements" except Nine Days in the Xuannv Classic, which is classified as "astronomy". Many of these books were lost in the Yuan and Ming Dynasties, and the original appearance can no longer be seen. However, we can still get a glimpse of Huangdi Long Shou Jing (contained in Historical Records of Sui, Tang and Song Dynasties) and Huangdi Ci San Zi and Xuannv Jing.
There are 36 upper and lower classics in the First Classic of the Yellow Emperor, and six donkeys are used in the method. Seventy-two methods of good or bad luck are described respectively, such as using years, using good or bad luck, using weddings, worshipping auspicious days and so on. Its occupation belongs to Liu Rendunjia's category, which matches the branches of year, month and day with the stars, and determines the quality of personnel according to the influence of yin and yang. The Yellow Emperor gave three sons to the Xuannv Sutra, indicating fourteen articles (as if they were missing). Article 1 States that people will have a good life; Second, the law of taking things by words; Article 3 The following are the marriage dates of men and women. In addition, the secret method of nine-day Xuan Nv class, mysterious woman quiet and nine-day Xuan Nv stove preserved in Taoism is also closely related to Xuan Nv. All these indicate that Xuan Nv has the function of divination.
The above introduces the general situation of Xuan Nv, the god of indoor art, the god of war, the god of Dan medicine and the god of Shu Shu. It should be pointed out that, according to the relevant literature, we can further draw the conclusion that Xuan Nv with four different functions is not an unrelated four goddesses, but has four nouns, which are inextricably linked: in the inner chapter of Bao Puzi, Xuan Nv is both the god of house art and the god of medicine. Sun Simiao's Jing Jing of the Mysterious Woman states that it is advisable to avoid the birth in the room, which shows the close relationship between Xuan Nv, the god of art in the room, and Xuan Nv, the god of art. The Tang Dynasty art book Taibai Silent Volume 10, The Mysterious Woman Body, says: "The mysterious woman body was made by Xuan Nv, which is the beginning of all things in the north. Because of the shackles of Liu Jia, it is called Liu Ren. " It embodies the inner connection between Xuan Nv, the god of numbers, and Xuan Nv, the god of war. The 100-volume version of Xuanyuan's Biography, Cloud Seven Signs, contains: "Xuan Nv teaches the secret tactics of three officials, yin and yang and five tones. Xuan Nv passed on the "Yin Fu Jing" with 300 words. The emperor read it and asked for it in ten days. " It is addressed to Xuan Nv, the God of War, and it also says, "The Yellow Emperor was trained in Xuan Nv and Motome, and can subdue 300 women. Xuan Nv granted the emperor a wish, that is, to hide in Kongtong Mountain. " Xuan Nv did it for sex. In addition, Xuan Nv is the teacher of Huangdi (revered as the ancestor of the Chinese nation, with a high position) in four aspects: house art, tactics, elixir and number of skills, which is also a powerful internal evidence of one god and four terms:
(1) Huangdi's "On Tao and Two Women Fu Su Xuan", so he "has nothing to do with heaven and earth";
(2) "The Emperor of Heaven sent Xuan Nv to grant Huang Di soldiers the belief of magic symbols and subdue Chiyou."
(3) "The Yellow Emperor was rewarded by Dan and gained the Tao in Xuan Nv" and "the Tao became immortal";
(4) The Yellow Emperor "received the dragon's first passage from Xuan Nv" and spread this ancient trick to the world. Therefore, it can be confirmed that, as the teacher of the Yellow Emperor, Xuan Nv is an extraordinary goddess who holds several posts.