Xu

Anemia is not a disease, but a common symptom of many diseases. It not only affects growth and development, but also causes some infectious diseases.

Anemia means that the amount of red blood cells or hemoglobin in circulating blood is lower than the normal minimum (normal people have more than 4 million red blood cells per cubic millimeter, and hemoglobin is about 100 ml). Red blood cells in human blood are composed of bone marrow, which enters the blood stream after maturity, with an average life span of 120 days. So every day, some red blood cells die of aging, and some red blood cells are born again. Poor hematopoietic function or enhanced blood-breaking effect will cause anemia.

The causes of anemia are many and complicated. Among teenagers, there are usually the following situations:

First, the lack of hematopoietic substances.

1, usually partial eclipse, like to eat snacks or monotonous diet, insufficient intake of nutrients in food, such as iron deficiency, vitamin B 12, folic acid, etc.

2, often suffering from gastrointestinal dysfunction, long-term consumption and absorption, resulting in nutritional imbalance.

3. Some diseases are common in surgical diseases, such as malabsorption caused by gastrointestinal surgery.

Second, bone marrow hematopoietic dysfunction. It is more common in various infectious diseases, and the bone marrow is temporarily suppressed. With the improvement of the primary disease, anemia can gradually recover.

Third, excessive destruction of red blood cells. Because red blood cells are easily destroyed, the survival time is shortened. Although the hematopoietic function is vigorous, it cannot make up for the destruction of red blood cells and anemia occurs. It falls into two categories:

1, erythrocyte intrinsic factor. Related to heredity, it is common in the defects of some enzymes in congenital red blood cells, such as broad bean yellow.

2. External factors of red blood cells. Most of them are caused by infection, poisoning and immune dysfunction. Such as chemical poisoning, tuberculosis and ionizing radiation.

Fourth, it is caused by excessive bleeding. It can be divided into acute bleeding and chronic bleeding. Acute bleeding in hematological diseases is more than leukemia or surgical trauma. Chronic bleeding, common gastric and duodenal ulcers, internal hemorrhoids and external hemorrhoids, hookworm infection.

The clinical manifestations of anemia are yellow or pale skin, pale mucosa, conjunctiva, nails and face, conscious drowsiness, fatigue, dizziness, tinnitus, memory loss and loss of appetite. Severe anemia can lead to anemia crisis such as nausea, vomiting, flatulence, constipation, shortness of breath, palpitation and edema of lower limbs.

What about anemia?

First find out the main causes of anemia and treat it according to its causes, so as to have an effect.

Second, general treatment; Correct bad eating habits and eat more foods rich in iron, such as liver, fish, eggs, lean meat, kelp, fresh vegetables and fruits.

Third, drug treatment: choose effective drugs according to its etiology.

Fourth, Chinese medicine treatment.

Five, such as severe anemia, blood transfusion treatment when necessary.

Clinical observation shows that in many anemia patients, the low hemoglobin is caused by the lack of hematopoietic raw materials in the body. Anemia can be corrected as long as the corresponding hematopoietic raw materials are supplemented according to different types of anemia. And to supplement raw materials, most patients can do it as long as they pay attention to their diet.

(1) iron deficiency anemia. Need to supplement foods rich in iron. This kind of food includes: pork liver, beef liver, chicken and duck liver, pork loin, pork belly, beef loin, beef juice, egg yolk powder, dried whitebait, dried yellow croaker, squid, jellyfish, shrimp and shrimp; Spinach, rape, shepherd's purse, day lily, leek, celery, bean curd skin, dried bean curd, peaches, oranges, dates and so on. The above foods include pig liver, beef liver and chicken and duck liver.

(2) Folic acid and vitamin B 12 deficiency anemia should be supplemented with animal liver and kidney, lean meat and green leafy vegetables.

(3) Lean meat, chicken, duck, beef and mutton, bean products, anemia caused by insufficient supply in protein, should be supplemented.

It should be noted that the gastrointestinal function of anemia patients is generally in a low state, and it should be gradually increased when supplementing food, so as not to increase the burden on the gastrointestinal tract and cause indigestion.