"Keeping in good health according to the time" is an important principle of keeping in good health in TCM. Huangdi Neijing said: "Therefore, the life of a wise man must avoid cold and heat in all seasons." Chinese medicine also has the saying that "nourishing yin in spring and summer and nourishing yang in autumn and winter". All these show that the human body must adapt to the natural changes of the four seasons in order to strengthen the adaptability of the human body to seasonal and climate changes, ensure good health and reduce the occurrence of diseases.
Throughout the year, it is warm in spring, hot in summer, cool in autumn and cold in winter. Climate change will have different effects on human body. Therefore, the nutritional structure of the body should be coordinated with the seasonal changes, pay attention to the scientific diet and food supplement methods in each season, and arrange the diet reasonably. Spring should be light; It is advisable to eat sweet and cool in summer; Autumn is hot and dry, so it is advisable to eat golden lettuce; It is cold in winter, so it is advisable to eat warm food.
Diet conforms to the four seasons, which can maintain yin and yang, qi and blood in the body, bring healthy qi into it, and prevent evil spirits from invading. For the elderly, due to the decline of physiological function, the adaptability to climate change in the four seasons is weakened, so it is more important to arrange the diet in the four seasons scientifically.
How to supplement the elderly in the four seasons
The sky turns to the stars, the earth turns from cold to summer, there is spring in nature, summer in autumn and winter in storage. This is a natural law, independent of human will. Man is a member of nature, so he should conform to the sum of heaven and earth and change with the seasons. The so-called "wise man's health" must be suitable for cold and summer, and live and work in peace and contentment. The solar terms are yin and yang, and the tone is rigid and soft. "Chinese medicine has always paid attention to' correspondence between heaven and man'. Therefore, according to the change of seasons and the replacement of years, it is very necessary to supplement people's health and longevity in time. This is the concept of prescription in dietotherapy put forward by some people.
To supplement the four seasons, we must first understand the characteristics of the four seasons. Based on the understanding of nature at that time, the ancients put forward the theory of Yin-Yang and Five Elements. The so-called "life is based on yin and yang." It is also believed that "Yang is qi, Yin is flavor", "Yin is born in five flavors", and the smell is consistent, with the essence of invigorating qi ",which links the change of Yin and Yang with the four flavors of food. "Neijing" said: "Spring and summer nourish the yang for the people; Nourishing yin in autumn and winter, from its roots, two qi are always there. "How to nourish Yin and Yang? Li Shizhen said: "Spring is cold and food is cold, and Xia Han raises yang; Eat warm food in autumn and hot food in winter to nourish yin. "Adapt to the relationship between eating habits and cold, hot and cold seasons. Summer is hot, and cold food is needed to clear away heat and relieve summer heat; On the contrary, the winter climate is very cold, and the human body needs spicy or spicy food to warm the yang and dispel the cold.
The ancient viewpoint of dietotherapy and health preservation has been confirmed by modern medicine and nutrition. For example, in cold winter, the basal metabolism of human body increases by 65,438+00% ~ 65,438+05%, and the demand for total calories is the highest. Therefore, we should eat more foods rich in protein and fat in winter, such as beef and mutton, dog meat and fish, milk and bean products. Winter climate is dry, prone to cheilitis, angular stomatitis, dry skin, so eating in winter is rich in vitamin B? 2 foods such as pork liver, eggs and beans are essential. On the contrary, in the hot summer, people sweat a lot, resulting in a large loss of potassium and sodium, resulting in disorder of inorganic salt metabolism, decreased serum potassium depth and a large loss of water-soluble vitamins. Therefore, it is advisable to eat more potassium-rich soybeans, mung beans, black beans, cucumbers and potatoes in summer, and often eat mung bean porridge, sour plum soup, watermelon and other foods to relieve summer heat and promote fluid production.
Generally speaking, according to different seasons, different nourishing methods are adopted. Everything grows upward in spring, which can be used to make up; Summer is hot and hot, and people like to be cool, so it is appropriate to use Qinghua; If the climate is cool in autumn, it should be flat; The winter climate is cold and suitable for nourishing; And the four seasons need to be replenished.
In spring, the foods suitable for the four seasons are pork liver, pork, eggs, beans and bean products. Fresh vegetables such as leeks, bamboo shoots, pea seedlings and fresh crucian carp can replenish moderate coke, clear the spleen and stomach and benefit the large intestine, so it is advisable to eat more in moderation; In summer, you can choose to eat mung bean soup, lotus leaf porridge, cold bean sprouts, persimmon mixed with sugar, lily red jujube soup, watermelon litchi; Eat more tremella, jujube, honey, right kernel, walnut, lotus seed, longan and so on. Autumn; In winter, you can choose isothermal foods such as beef and mutton, dog meat, chicken, fish, walnuts and brown sugar. Four-season tonic is a tonic method that can be named regardless of seasons. It should be gentle, gentle. Common foods are red beans, lentils, black beans, peas, yam, loofah, fungus, mushrooms, potatoes, dates, carp, eggs and so on. And it can be eaten in all seasons.