The last sentence of Mochow, a beauty from the South China: The son of Xiyuan is notorious. The title of the poem: "Recalling the past and visiting the past in Wuling". Real name: Wei Zhuang. Font size: Words have their ends. Time: Tang Dynasty. Ethnic group: Han nationality. Birthplace: Ling Du County, Jingzhao County (now Xi, Shaanxi Province). Date of birth: about 836 years. Time of death: 9 10 year. Main works: Bodhisattva Man, Mourning for the Past, Ying Tianchang, Ying Tianchang, Sidi Township, etc. Main achievements: an important poet of Huajian school; Advise Wang Jian to call himself emperor and establish the founding system of the former Shu.
We will introduce you to Mochow, a beautiful woman in the South, in detail from the following aspects:
1. Click here to view the full text of "Recalling the Past and Going to Wuling" and the details of "Recalling the Past and Going to Wuling"
A few years ago, I once traveled to Wuyue, singing beautiful moonlight all over the building in the middle of the night.
In front of the tree, there is a light on the tree, such as day, and you can't forget the spring and autumn in the beauty group.
The young man sitting in the seat is called Wuji, and the beautiful girl is called Mochow.
Today, the encounter with troubled times has become a dream, and the sun is setting, watching the river flow.
Second, translation.
A few years ago, I once traveled to Wuyue, singing beautiful moonlight all over the building in the middle of the night.
A few years ago, I once traveled to Wuling. The nocturne was beautiful and the moonlight was full of buildings.
In front of the tree, there is a light on the tree, such as day, and you can't forget the spring and autumn in the beauty group.
The candle in front of the tree is as bright as day, and you forget the spring and autumn in the beauty group.
The young man sitting in the seat is called Wuji, and the beautiful girl is called Mochow.
At the banquet, the name of the romantic son is Wuji, and the handsome woman in the seat is Mochow.
Today, the encounter with troubled times has become a dream, and the sun is setting, watching the river flow.
Now it's a dream in troubled times, and the sun sets in the west.
Three. notes
Five Mausoleums: Mausoleums of Five Emperors in Han Dynasty. At that time, because every mausoleum was built, rich people and consorts from all directions were moved to live near the mausoleum, so it also referred to the place where Hao Gui lived.
Midnight: Midnight. There are dozens of Yuefu folk songs in the Southern Dynasties, all of which praise the love between men and women, and the songs are very beautiful. Pun here.
Silver candle: a bright candle.
Dew peach: Dew peach is used here to describe a beautiful woman who looks like a peach blossom.
Xiyuan Gongzi: It refers to Cao Pi. It was built by Cao Cao in the west of Linzhang County, Henan Province. Originally in the name of Xinlingjun, it refers to Cao Pi here.
Mochow: Female name.
Fourth, appreciate
This poem is about the poet's feelings about the rise and fall of Chang 'an. Although the title is "Remembering the Past", it actually hurts the present.
"I visited Wuling in previous years, and midnight songs were full of buildings and clear moons." The first couplet of this poem begins with memories, and the poet recalls what he saw and heard during his trip to Chang 'an. The so-called "Five Mausoleums" originally referred to the five mausoleums of emperors in the Han Dynasty. Because at that time, every mausoleum was erected, and rich people from all directions were moved to live near the mausoleum, so the "Five Mausoleums" also refers to the place where Hao Gui lived. The "Five Tombs" in the poem refers to the capital Chang 'an. There is a saying in Bai Juyi's Pipa Tour: "Wuling heroes compete, and a song is red and steep." What impressed the poet the most this year was that it was midnight, and those rich and powerful nobles were still chasing pleasure, eating and drinking, and indulging in debauchery. "Midnight" here can refer to both midnight and ancient Yuefu songs. The midnight song of Yuefu poem on April 4th: Yuefu Problem Solving Day: the word "having fun at four o'clock" is called "midnight song at four o'clock". It can be seen that his songs are all about love between men and women. The first pair of couplets depicts the high-rise buildings with the bright moon shining high, and the scene of singing and dancing is actually ironic.
"It looks like the sun in front of the silver candle tree, but I don't know autumn in the peach blossom." The second couplet of the poem continues to describe these rich people, regardless of day and night, indulging in wine, food and spring and autumn. "It looks like daytime" means that these princes and nobles indulge themselves day and night. "I don't know autumn in the peach blossom", and the poem "The ancient mulberry tree crows" contained in the Song Dynasty's Records of Le Shu; "Peach was born in a well, and Li Shusheng is next to the peach." Wei Zhuang's poems take this opportunity to express that the rich aristocrats only know how to enjoy the spring breeze, but they don't know that there is a cold autumn. That sentence has hinted that they just want to have fun, regardless of the rise and fall of the country. Behind the beautiful Chinese characters, the poet's satire is gradually emerging.
"The name of the son of the West Garden is unscrupulous, and the beauty of the South China is not sad." In the third part, the poet skillfully borrows historical figures and names to further satirize the unbridled and bohemian Wang Zhuzi. "The son of Xiyuan" originally referred to Wei Wendi Cao Pi. Cao Zhi's poem "Poem of Public Banquet": "Childe loves guests, and he never tires of dinner. Visit the West Park on a sunny night and fly with it. " "Selected Works" Shan Li notes: "Son, the name is Wendi." The West Garden was built by Cao Cao in the west of Linzhang County, Henan Province. Cao's son often holds banquets here to entertain the scribes. The so-called "unbridled" was originally the name of Xin, the son of Wei during the Warring States Period. Here, the poet uses the literal meaning, that is, he is unscrupulous and fearless, which means that future generations only care about pleasure and have reached the point of fearlessness. In addition, there are two Mochow in history, Luoyang Mochow and Shicheng Mochow, here referred to as Shicheng Mochow. The Book of the Old Tang Dynasty, Le Zhi (II) states: "The joy of Mochow comes from the joy of Shicheng. There is a woman named Mochow in Shicheng who is good at singing. There is an old song that says,' Where is Mochow? Mochou Shicheng West. The boat paddled twice, urging Mochow to come. Quoting Mochow's name here not only means that he can sing and dance well, but also borrows the literal meaning of the word "Mochow". Of course, on the surface, the poem says that showgirls don't know the state affairs and the tilt of the country. In fact, they pointed the finger at the grandsons who enjoyed singing and dancing. This couplet is well written, not only the antithesis is extremely neat, the allusions are skillfully used, but also the form is neat. The poet's deep affection can make people chew and ponder after reading it.
"Today's chaos is a dream, and the sunset only sees water flowing eastward." In the last couplet, the poet draws his past thoughts back to reality. Looking back on the past and caring about the present, I am filled with emotion. This scene here, yesterday's prosperity, today's chaos, is like a dream. In fact, the poet's sigh contains a condemnation of what he wrote earlier. Finally, the poet ended with a scene, and the sunset appeared in front of him, and the lost water flowed silently eastward. This bleak scene and sad artistic conception not only indicate the imminent demise of the Tang Dynasty empire, but also reflect the poet's sad feelings.
The thoughts and feelings expressed in this poem are obvious, but in art, this poem mainly has two characteristics:
The first is to use the classics to make the poem euphemistic and profound. The first sentence "Five Tombs" is the place where the Tang Dynasty nobles lived outside Chang 'an. The poem "Five Tombs" refers not only to Chang 'an, but also to the aristocratic society at that time. The second sentence "Midnight Song" is an ancient Yuefu song, and the lyrics mostly describe the feelings of men and women enjoying themselves at four seasons. The poet satirizes the luxury life of the rich and nobles who pursue pleasure and enjoy it all the year round. Obviously satirizing its indulgence, but taking the "full moon building" as the background, the irony is deeply hidden in the dissolved moonlight, without showing emotion. In three words, "A silver candle tree looks like a day". Take Xing Shao's poem "Silver Candle at a Night Banquet" as an example, it is written to levy wine and grain at the home of princes and rich families, day and night, which also means flogging, but the color is beautiful, and the meaning seems to be the opposite of beauty. The four sentences "I don't know autumn in the peach blossom" express Wang Changling's "Spring Palace Song" and "Peach blossoms in the well last night". Borrowing the poem of the Dragon Label, the pen tip alludes to the imperial court, denouncing its indulgence and ignorance of the Spring and Autumn Period. The same wording is slightly graceful, implying that it is not unpleasant to spit. The third triple, "The son of the West Garden, is famous for his recklessness, and the beauty of the South China is named Mochow", especially good at doing things skillfully and tactfully. "Childe of Xiyuan" refers to Wei Wendi, Cao Pi and his brother Cao Zhi. As for "Wuji", it was the name of Xin Lingjun, the son of Wei in the Warring States Period. Wei Zhuang skillfully combined the power of Cao Wei with the power of the Seven Heroes in the Warring States Period, resulting in the word "mowgli". However, it does not take "Wuji" as a proper name, but only takes its meaning of "fearless". The actual meaning of this poem is to accuse the prince and grandson of recklessness. The poet put this true meaning in the names of two historical figures. Because Cao Pi and Xin are both commendable romantic figures in history, it is easy to ignore their irony if they are interpreted as enjoying the dissolute behavior of those princes and grandchildren. In the second part of the couplet, Mochow, in the name of a legendary beautiful singer, lamented that the flashy woman didn't understand state affairs, and deeply felt the pain of "singing backyard flowers across the river". Due to the clever use of allusions, the whole poem is full of flowers, moons and orchestral music, but its true meaning is hazy, like looking at flowers in the fog, vaguely ethereal and colorless. Emotional poetry is more profound and chewy by gentle and ironic style.
The second is to convey the meaning and interest by means of pun, symbol, suggestion and other rhetorical devices. "Midnight Song" is an ancient title of Yuefu, and it also has the meaning of "singing in the middle of the night", which means pun. Before the Silver Candle Tree symbolizes the luxury of aristocratic life. "In the Peach Blossom Garden" symbolizes the green snail with red sleeves; "I don't know autumn" is also a pun, which contains the deep meaning of not knowing the end is coming. "Promise" and "Mochow" are puns. The word "dream" of "everything is a dream" is triple, lamenting the prosperity of the past and dreaming; There is also a pun on "Drunkenness leads a dream to death". Rhetorically, "the sunset only looks at the water going east" symbolizes the decline of the national fortune in the late Tang Dynasty, and "the water going east" symbolizes that the general trend of the collapse of the Tang Dynasty is like a clear water flowing east, which is difficult to pull back the waves; As can be seen from the color of the poem, the sunset is bleak and everything is bleak in the twilight. With this sentence, I feel infinite and paper and ink are born. With this conclusion, poetry is fuller and sadder. Without water, this hatred is contained in these seven words, which is the focus of the whole poem.
Five, Wei Zhuang's other poems
Homesickness, night thoughts on the balcony, gold, bodhisattva full, singing. Poetry of the same dynasty
Sangu's Family, Warm Dishes, Farewell to Xu Kan, Mourning Poems, Jia Dao's Tomb Inscription, Tiantai Temple Couplet, Song of Eternal Sorrow, Memory of Jiangnan, Spring Tour in Qiantang and Ode to Mujiang.
Click here to see more details about Yi's visit to Wuling.