Second, the connotation of tea culture Tea culture is an integral part of China's traditional excellent culture, which is very rich in content, involving science and technology education, culture and art, medical care, historical archaeology, economy and trade, catering and tourism, press and publication and other disciplines and industries, including tea monographs, tea periodicals, tea and poetry, tea and song and dance, tea and novel, tea and art, tea and wedding, tea and sacrifice, tea and Zen, tea and catalpa.
Third, the history of tea culture system: the origin, discovery and utilization of tea, the formation, development, evolution, characteristics and manifestations of tea culture;
Sociology of tea culture: the influence of tea culture on all aspects of society, the role of social development and progress on tea culture and the relationship between social class and tea culture;
Tea-drinking folklore: the tea-drinking customs of history and modernity, regions and nationalities, cities and rural areas;
Tea aesthetics: the shape design of finished tea, the naming of famous tea, the design of tea packaging and advertising, etc.
Tea culture communication: international and domestic seminars, tea culture exhibitions, tea performances, children's tea art, tea historical and cultural fairs, tea tourism; Functionalism of tea culture: tea culture resources, characteristics, historical tea culture, tea culture function in the new period, and the role of tea culture in modern society and spiritual civilization construction.
Fourth, the historical characteristics of tea culture: the formation and development of tea culture has a long history. Tea has always been used as a tribute to the king of Wu. In the late primitive commune, tea became a commodity exchange. During the Warring States period, tea had a certain scale. Tea was recorded in the Book of Songs in the pre-Qin period.
In the Han Dynasty, tea became a special tonic for Buddhist meditation. During the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, there was an atmosphere of drinking tea. During the Sui Dynasty, the whole people generally drank tea. In the Tang Dynasty, the tea industry flourished, and tea became "indispensable to others". Teahouses, tea banquets and tea parties appeared one after another to encourage guests to worship tea. Fighting tea, tribute tea and gift tea were popular in Song Dynasty.
In the Qing Dynasty, Quyi entered the teahouse and the foreign trade of tea developed. Tea culture was born with the emergence of commodity economy and the formation of urban culture. The tea culture in history pays attention to cultural ideology, elegance, poetry, painting and calligraphy, drinking tea, singing and dancing. In the process of its formation and development, tea culture has integrated the philosophical colors of Confucianism, Taoism and Buddhism, evolved into the customs and habits of all ethnic groups, and became an integral part of excellent traditional culture and a unique cultural model.
Times: The development of material civilization and spiritual civilization has injected new connotation and vitality into tea culture. In this new period, the connotation and expression of tea culture are constantly expanding, extending, innovating and developing. In the new era, tea culture has merged into the essence of modern science and technology, modern news media and market economy, which makes the value function of tea culture more remarkable and further strengthens its role in modern society. The consciousness that the value of tea is the core of tea culture has been further established, and international exchanges have become increasingly frequent. In the new era, the forms of tea culture communication show the trend of scale, modernization, socialization and internationalization. Its connotation is expanding rapidly and its influence is expanding day by day, attracting worldwide attention.
Ethnic group: All ethnic groups love to drink tea. The combination of tea and national cultural life has formed tea ceremony, tea ceremony, tea drinking custom and festive wedding with their own national characteristics. On the basis of national tea drinking methods, national tea art is formed through artistic processing and tempering, which is more lively and cultural, showing the diversity and colorful life interest of tea drinking. Tibetan, Tujia, Wa, Lahu, Naxi, Kazak, Xibe, Bao 'an, Achang, Bulang, De 'ang, Jino, Salar, Bai, Kemi, Yugur and other tea cultures and festive weddings have also fully demonstrated the nationality of tea culture.
Regionality: Famous teas, famous mountains, famous waters, celebrities, places of interest and local tea culture with their own characteristics. China has a vast territory, a wide variety of tea, different tea drinking customs, and differences in history, culture and life economy, which have formed a tea culture with local characteristics. In the big cities with economic and cultural centers, with its unique advantages and rich connotations, it has also formed a unique urban tea culture. Since 1994, Shanghai has held four consecutive international tea culture festivals, showing the characteristics and charm of urban tea culture.
Internationality: China's ancient traditional tea culture has evolved into British tea culture, Japanese tea culture, Korean tea culture, Russian tea culture and Moroccan tea culture by combining the history, culture, economy and culture of various countries. In Britain, drinking tea has become a part of life, a kind of etiquette for the British to show their gentlemanly manners, an indispensable procedure in the life of the Queen of England, and a necessary ceremony in major social activities. Japanese tea ceremony originated in China. Japanese tea ceremony has a strong Japanese national flavor, forming a unique tea ceremony system, genre and etiquette. Koreans believe that tea culture is the root of Korean national culture, and May 24th every year is the National Tea Day. China tea culture is the cradle of tea culture in various countries. Tea people don't care about national boundaries, races or beliefs. Tea culture can unite tea people all over the world to discuss tea art, academic exchanges and economic and trade negotiations.
5. The social function of tea culture is mainly manifested in carrying forward traditional virtues, displaying culture and art, cultivating self-cultivation, cultivating sentiment, promoting national unity, demonstrating social progress and developing economy and trade. Traditional virtue is a beautiful morality accumulated for thousands of years and respected by people of all ages, and it is the embodiment of national spirit and social fashion. The traditions of tea culture mainly include loving the motherland, selfless dedication, perseverance, modesty and courtesy, thrift, mutual respect and mutual accommodation. Mr. Wu Juenong and Mr. Liu Xianhe from Hunan are both devoted to the tea industry. They are both patriots and outstanding representatives of contemporary tea people.
Lu Yu's Tea Classic is the crystallization of ancient tea people's diligent study, assiduous study, painstaking exploration and indomitable spirit. Treat guests with tea, replace wine with tea, and "a cup of green tea is intoxicating" is a true embodiment of the Chinese nation cherishing the fruits of labor, saving and resolving risks. The social functions of tea culture with tea characters as the head are "thinking about the source of tea, entertaining guests with tea, making friends with tea, socializing with tea, being honest with tea, educating people with tea, replacing wine with tea, keeping fit with tea, entering poetry with tea, entering art with tea, painting with tea, dancing with tea, singing songs with tea, rejuvenating culture with tea, giving gifts with tea, promoting agriculture with tea and promoting tea". Tea is the pride of China, the self-esteem, self-confidence and pride of the nation. You can think of the source when you drink tea. Dr Joseph Needham, a world-famous historian of science and technology, regards China tea as the fifth greatest contribution to mankind after the four great inventions of China (gunpowder, papermaking, compass and printing). Lu Yu's Tea Classic in Tang Dynasty was the first tea book in the world. China tea culture has a great influence on the world. Taking tea as a friend is one of the most extensive social functions of tea culture. Today's market economy is characterized by fierce competition, survival of the fittest, and emphasis on interests and benefits. However, human feelings are relatively indifferent and interpersonal relationships tend to be indifferent. Through teahouses and teahouses, friends get together to exchange information, feelings, understanding and friendship. Friends gather in the old teahouse, talking and laughing at will, recalling life and enjoying life again. In ancient times, there was a saying that "tea is wine when guests come on a cold night". Replacing wine with tea embodies traditional virtues, which conforms to the requirements of the central government advocating strict economy and putting an end to extravagance and waste today. Educating people with tea is a new social function bred by tea culture in the new period. Shanghai children's tea art learns tea by itself, promotes traditional excellent culture and receives patriotic education. When offering tea, we respect the elderly, elders, parents and classmates.
The role of tea culture in modern society Modern society relies on high technology and information to create more social wealth, more and more material wealth and richer life. In the process of industrialization in some East Asian countries, while absorbing excellent western technologies and crafts, decadent western cultural values and customs have also eroded society, resulting in moral crisis, money worship and extreme individualism. The experience of social development shows that modernization is not the only goal. Modern society needs a spiritual civilization that adapts to it, and it needs to explore the spiritual resources of excellent traditional culture. Tea culture has historical, contemporary cultural factors and reasonable factors, and has played and is playing its own positive role in modern society. Tea culture is an elegant culture, and celebrities are willing to participate. Tea culture is also a popular culture, in which people participate extensively. Tea culture covers the whole people and affects the whole society.
Lei tea is an ancient tea custom, which is popular in parts of Hunan, Jiangxi and Fujian. It is not only a daily drink for people, but also an important ceremony to treat people and make friends. Leicha retains the folk custom of drinking tea with spices in Song and Yuan Dynasties, and expresses various blessings and respects with the best tea and various foods. The drink is crisp, sweet and refreshing, with endless aftertaste.
From the material and cultural connotation of lei tea, it is not difficult to see that the seasoning used can not only quench thirst and hunger, but also has many functions such as refreshing and detoxifying, refreshing and invigorating stomach, soothing the liver and regulating the lung. The mainstream of tea culture in China is folk. Leicha, a typical folk tea drinking custom, is cheerful, simple, concise and clear, which has been passed down from generation to generation and has strong vitality. It is not as elegant and profound as the upper tea culture, but it reflects the active pursuit and yearning of China people for a better life and shows the excellent spiritual quality of workers. Being in it, people realize the fragrance of tea, the beauty of people and the love between people.
"Mo Tao is intoxicating, and a bowl of tea is more affectionate." In the colorful tea culture garden in China, tea scraps are undoubtedly a wonderful flower with the fragrance of mountain flowers.