Qin and Han dynasties were the initial development period of feudal economy. The political unification of Qin and the measures of unifying currency, writing and weights and measures are all conducive to the development and exchange of social economy and culture. In the early years of the Western Han Dynasty, in view of the social and economic ruin and the lessons of Qin's death, in order to consolidate the rule, the rulers adopted a policy of recuperation, the core contents of which were: giving farmers certain land; Ensure farmers' production time; Reduce taxes; Lighten punishment and ease class contradictions. The rest and recuperation policy conforms to the needs of the development of small-scale peasant economy and is conducive to the recovery of social economy and the stability of social rule. After decades of rest and recuperation, the economy has been restored, and the first situation of China's feudal society managing the world-"the rule of culture and scenery" appeared.

With the recovery and development of social economy, by the time of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, the economy was prosperous and the national strength was strong. In the early years of the Eastern Han Dynasty, in view of the economic depression and social unrest, the rulers adopted the method of "judo" to rule the world, and promoted economic recovery by releasing slaves, reducing taxes, expanding the labor force, and opening up wasteland, which led to the situation of "promoting the army".

Agriculture, handicrafts and commerce all developed in the Han Dynasty. The improvement of iron farm tools, the improvement and wide popularization of technology in Niu Geng, the construction of large-scale water conservancy projects, the expansion of cultivated area, the increase of cultivated area, the popularization of rice and wheat planting, the change of planting methods, the progress of farming management technology and the deepening of agronomy research have all promoted the development of agriculture. The development of agriculture laid the foundation for the development of handicraft industry, which had the characteristics of large scale, fine division of labor and sophisticated technology in the Han Dynasty, as follows:

(1) The scale of iron smelting industry has been expanded and the technology has been upgraded. Coal became the raw material for smelting iron, and the ignition technology was invented. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, Du invented water drainage and used hydraulic blast to smelt iron, which made China's iron smelting level ahead of the world for a long time, and low-temperature steelmaking technology was invented and popularized.

(2) Textile technology progress. During the Eastern Han Dynasty, Sang Ma's planting area expanded, and Xinjiang began to grow cotton. With the development of cotton textile industry, wool has also become a textile raw material.

(3) The paint industry is developing rapidly, and boiling salt is the main handicraft industry.

(4) The shipbuilding and navigation technology in Han Dynasty was mature. The development of agriculture and handicrafts has promoted the prosperity of commerce and cities, urban commerce and regional trade, and a number of famous cities have emerged.