Confucius boarded the Dongshan Mountain in the state of Lu, and the whole state of Lu had a panoramic view. Confucius climbed Mount Tai, and the world was unobstructed. On the surface, it refers to the height of Mount Tai, but in fact it refers to people's horizons. Perspectives should constantly seek breakthroughs and surpass themselves, and look at the changes and disturbances in the world with a detached attitude.
Mencius devoted himself to translation.
Last/better/previous/last name
(1) Mencius said, "He who does his best knows his nature. If you know its nature, you will know its nature. Keep your heart and cultivate your nature, then things will be natural. If you don't live long enough, you will cultivate yourself, so you will achieve life. "
Mencius said: "To be good is to realize one's own nature. To realize one's own nature is to understand the destiny. Keep your kindness and nature to treat your destiny. No matter how long or short you live, you don't change your attitude, just cultivate yourself and wait for your fate. This is the way to build a normal destiny. "
(2) Mencius said, "Isn't it fate, but obedience?" Is an old friend of know life's who doesn't stand under the cliff. It's fate to do one's utmost to die; The shackles of the dead (2) are unjust. "
Mencius said: "Nothing is not destiny (decision), obey destiny and accept normal destiny;" Therefore, people who understand destiny will not stand under a dangerous wall. It is a normal fate to try your best to die in the street; It is not a normal fate to die of crime. "
① Rock wall: a wall about to collapse. (2) fetters: instruments of torture used to detain prisoners.
(3) Mencius said: "If you seek, you will get it, and if you give up, you will lose it; It's good for harvest, and it's also for me. Seek the Tao and you will have a life. It is useless to ask for it, and it is outside. "
Mencius said: "seek and you will get, give up and you will lose;" In this way, seeking is beneficial to obtaining, because what I seek exists within myself. There is a way to ask for it, and there is a fate to get it. This kind of seeking is not conducive to getting, because what I seek is outside of myself. "
(4) Mencius said, "Everything is ready except the east wind. Go against it and be sincere, and be happy. Strong forgiveness, begging for benevolence and not kissing. "
Mencius said, "I have the principle of everything." Ask yourself that the truth you have is true, and nothing is greater than happiness. Try to act according to others' forgiveness, there is no closer way to love. "
(5) Mencius said, "Those who walk without thinking, learn without thinking, and live without knowing will live their whole lives."
Mencius said: "People who do things without understanding, get used to them without paying attention, and walk this road all their lives without knowing what it is are ordinary people."
(6) Mencius said: "People should not be shameless. Shameless, shameless. "
Mencius said: "People can't be born shameless. It is shameless to be ashamed of shame. "
(7) Mencius said: "Shame on the National People's Congress. There is no shame in being good at changing the environment. If you are not ashamed, if you are not human, if you are human? "
Mencius said: "Shame has a great relationship with people. People who play politics and tricks are shameless everywhere. I don't think it is a shame to be inferior to others. How can I catch up with others? "
(8) Mencius said: "The ancient wise king was good and forgot the potential; Why are ancient sages exclusive? Enjoy the trend of forgetting others, and princes can't rush to see it without facing it. I can't rush to see it, but I am in a ministerial position? "
Mencius said: "The ancient sages and sages were kind and forgot their power;" Isn't it the same with ancient sages? They are willing to walk around the streets and forget the power of others, so princes and adults can't often meet wise men without respect and courtesy. It's rare to meet each other, let alone treat them as vassals? "
(9) Mencius said that Song Goujian said: "Easy to swim?" My son travels. People know, but they are also embarrassed; I don't know, and I'm embarrassed. "
Mencius said to Song Goujian, "Do you like lobbying? Let me tell you something about lobbying. People understand that I am carefree and want nothing; People don't understand, and I have nothing to ask for. "
He said, "How can you be so noisy?"
Song Goujian asked, "How can you be carefree and ask for nothing?"
He said, "If you respect morality, music and righteousness, you can make a scene. Therefore, a scholar who is poor and disloyal can't get away from it. Poor and disloyal, so the scholar has his own way; People are not disappointed because they can't get rid of Tao. Ancient people, success, Zejia people; If you don't succeed, cultivate your morality and see the world. If you are poor, you will be alone, and if you are good, you will help the world. "
Mencius said: "You can be carefree and ask for nothing if you respect virtue and love righteousness. Therefore, if a scholar is poor, he will not lose his righteousness, and if he succeeds, he will not deviate from the Tao. If you are poor, you will not lose your righteousness, but a scholar can maintain his integrity; If you succeed, you won't deviate from the Tao and you won't let the people down. Ancient people, when successful, gave the people a favor; When you are frustrated, cultivate your own character and live in the world. If you are poor, you will be immune to it, and if you succeed, you will help the world. "
Note 1 Song Goujian: Name and life experience are unknown.
(10) Mencius said: "After King Wen prospered, all were people. If the husband is a hero, although there is no king of literature, there is still a prosperous time. "
Mencius said: "Before King Wen (a saint like that) appeared, ordinary people were working hard. As for excellent people, even if there is no king of literature, you can work hard. "
(1 1) Mencius said, "If you are complacent, it will be far away."
Mencius said, "Give him the wealth of the Han and Wei Dynasties. If he still thinks there is nothing, then he is far above the average person. "
Note 1 Home of the Han and Wei Dynasties: refers to the two Han and Wei Dynasties among the Six Qing Dynasties in the State of Jin at the end of the Spring and Autumn Period. Both families had great power and a lot of property at that time. ② Lu (k ǐ n): The loan word of "Kan" depends on its meaning.
(12) Mencius said: "Let people learn from others, although they don't complain. Killing with life, although death does not blame the murderer. "
Mencius said: "Serving the people, taking comfort as the principle, people will not resent even if they are tired;" Kill people according to the principle of (letting people live), although the person who is killed doesn't blame his killer. "
(13) Mencius said: "The people of tyrants are as worried as they are, and the people of kings are as angry as they are. There is no complaint in killing, and there is no doubt in benefiting. The people are doing good day by day, and I don't know what to do. What a gentleman does becomes his own, and what he saves is god, which is in the same strain as heaven and earth. Is it a small supplement? "
Mencius said, "The folk music of the overlord is relaxing for the people of the holy king. (Children of the Holy King) People who are killed without complaint and get benefits without return are getting better and better every day, but they don't know who made them like this. Where saints pass by, they are affected; Where you live, there are magical changes, and the merits of nature are the same as those of heaven and earth. Is it just a small welfare? "
(14) Mencius said, "Benevolence is not as deep as benevolence, and good governance is not as good as good education." Good governance is feared by the people; Good teaching, people like it. Good governance gains people's wealth, and good education wins people's hearts. "
Mencius said, "The words of benevolence are not as good as the reputation of benevolence, and good politics is not as good as good education. Good politics, people are afraid of (violating) it; People are willing to accept a good education. Good politics can gather people's wealth, and good education can win people's support. "
(15) Mencius said: "Those who have the ability but don't study are good at learning; Everything you know, everything you can say. All children love their relatives and respect their brothers. Dear, benevolent; Respect is long, righteousness is also; Without him, it will reach the world. "
Mencius said: "what people can do without learning is good;" What you can know without thinking is conscience. No young child does not know how to love his parents; When they grow up, there is no one who doesn't know how to respect their brothers. It is benevolence to love parents and righteousness to respect brothers, for no other reason than that (benevolence) is universal. "
(16) Mencius said: "Living in the mountains, living in wood and stone, living in deer, is different from the savage in the mountains. And when he hears a kind word and sees a good thing, if he decides to cross the river, he can't resist. "
Mencius said, "Live in the deep mountains, keep company with trees and stones, and keep company with deer and pigs. There are few differences between him and uncivilized people in the mountains. (But) when he hears a kind word and sees a kind act, (he will do it immediately) it is like a broken river, and no one can stop it. "
(XVII) Mencius said, "Do whatever you want, that's all."
Mencius said, "Don't let him do what he doesn't want to do, and don't let him think about what he doesn't want to do. That's all. "
(18) Mencius said: "People with virtue and wisdom will often suffer from consumption. Being a lonely minister and a bad son, his worries are also dangerous, and his worries are also deep, so it is achieved. "
Mencius said: "A man with virtue, wisdom, strategy and insight is often because he lives in a difficult situation. Only those lonely ministers and villains, with fear and anxiety, think that suffering is far-reaching, so they understand things. "
Note ① chèn disease: the meaning is the same as disaster. 2 orphans: orphans, alienated ministers; An evil son, not the son of his first wife.
(19) Mencius said: "If there is a gentleman, if it is a gentleman, let it be." There are officials in the country, and the country is happy; People with heaven (1) can do what is feasible in the world and then do it; If there are adults, those who are right are also right. "
Mencius said: "those who serve a monarch take pleasure in serving a monarch;" People who have a stable country regard a stable country as a happy person; There are people who leave their posts without leave and uphold justice, that is, people who know that Tao can be practiced on earth and know what to do in the future; There are saints, that is, those who correct themselves, and external things will also be corrected. "
Note 1 Tiandaoren: Zhu's "Notes to the Four Books" says: "People have no position, so they are called Tiandaoren because they walk in Heaven."
(20) Mencius said: "A gentleman has three pleasures, but the king of the world does not exist. Parents exist, brothers have no chance, and they are happy; Yang is worthy of the sky, regardless of people, but also happy; It is three pleasures to be educated by talents in the world. A gentleman has three pleasures, but the king of the world does not exist. "
Mencius said, "A gentleman has three pleasures, but being king of the world is not one of them. My parents are alive, and my brother is not sick or suffering, which is the first happy thing; Looking up is worthy of the sky and looking down is worthy of people, which is the second happiest thing; Getting the best talents in the world and educating them is the third happiest thing. Gentlemen have these three pleasures, and benevolence is not one of them. "
(2 1) Mencius said: "The people of the world, the gentleman wants it, but the joy does not exist; Standing in the world, the people of the four seas will decide, and the gentleman will enjoy it, which naturally does not exist. The gentleman's nature, although the big line does not add anything, although living in poverty does not hurt anything, the points will be settled. The nature of a gentleman, benevolence, righteousness, courtesy and wisdom are all rooted in the heart, and its color is also clumsy. It is found on the face, on the back and applied to the four bodies. The four bodies speak for themselves. "
Mencius said: "a gentleman has a vast territory and many people, but his happiness is not in this respect;" A gentleman is willing to stand in the center of the world and settle the people all over the world, but his nature is not in this respect. The nature of a gentleman, even if his ideal is fully realized, will not increase, even if he is embarrassed to live in seclusion, it will not decrease. This is because his duties have been determined. The nature of a gentleman, benevolence, righteousness, courtesy and wisdom are rooted in the heart, and the colors produced are pure and moist, appearing on the face, filling the body and extending to the limbs. The limbs can understand what to do without waiting for his orders. "
(22) Mencius said: "Boyi made a fortune and lived on the coast of the North Sea. When he heard Wang Wen's works, he said, "I heard that Xibo is good at providing for the aged." Taigong, who lives on the coast of the East China Sea, heard about Wang Wen's work and said, "I heard that Xibo is good at taking care of the elderly. If there is a good pension in the world, then the benevolent thinks they have returned. Five acres of houses, mulberry trees under the walls, silkworms for women, and clothing and silk for the elderly. Five hens, two females, there is no time to waste, and the old man can eat enough meat. One hundred acres of land, cultivated by one person, is enough for a family of eight. The so-called Xibo is good at providing for the aged, controlling fields, teaching trees and livestock, and guiding his wife to provide for the aged. Fifty is not warm, and seventy is not full of meat. If you are not warm or full, you are hungry and cold. Wang Zhimin has no old people who are hungry and cold, which is also called. "
Mencius said, "Boyi fled from Zhou Wang and lived in seclusion on the north shore. Jiang Taigong fled Zhou Wang and lived in seclusion on the east coast of China. There are people who are good at taking care of the elderly, and benevolent people regard him as the person they want to go to. Mulberry trees are planted under the wall of five acres of residential land, and women use it to raise silkworms, so that the elderly can completely wear silk cotton-padded clothes. Raise five hens and two sows, and don't miss their breeding period. The old people don't lack meat at all. One hundred acres of arable land, cultivated by people, will make a family of eight completely free from hunger. The so-called Xibo's good care for the elderly means that he has stipulated the land and homestead of the people, educated them to grow mulberry and raise livestock, and guided his wife and children to provide for the elderly. Fifty-year-olds are not warm without silk and cotton, and seventy-year-olds are not full of meat. If you are not warm and full, it is called frozen hunger. None of King Wen's people was hungry and cold, and that's it. "
(23) Mencius said: "Changing the soil into the stream will make the tax collection thin and the people rich. When eating, use it politely, not money. People can't live without fire and water. It's enough to knock on people's doors at dusk and ask for fire and water, and it's enough to enjoy it without happiness. Sages rule the world, making millet like fire and water. Millet is like fire and water, how can the people be inhuman? "
Mencius said: "(Let the people) plant the land well and reduce taxes, so that the people can be rich. When you eat at a certain time and use it according to the etiquette, your belongings will be used up. Without water and fire, people can't live. At night, they knock on people's doors for water and fire. No one doesn't give it to them, because every family is incompatible. When a saint rules the world, he will make people eat like fire and water. Rice is like fire and water, how can ordinary people be inhuman? "
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(24) Mencius said: "Confucius climbed the East Mountain and was small, and climbed Mount Tai and was smaller than the world. Therefore, it is difficult for people who look at the sea to find water, and those who swim at the gate of the sage can hardly speak. If you have the ability to watch water, you must watch it. The sun and moon are bright, and the light will shine. Running water is also a thing, but it is not a mirror; The ambition of a gentleman is also in the Tao, and it cannot reach the chapter. "
Mencius said, "When Confucius climbed the East Mountain, he felt that Lu was getting smaller. When he climbed Mount Tai, he felt that the world had become smaller. Therefore, it is difficult for people who have seen the sea to be attracted by other waters, and it is also difficult for people who study under saints to be attracted by other remarks. There are certain ways to see water, so you must look at its waves. There is light in the sun and the moon, and every tiny gap should be illuminated. Running water will not flow forward until it is pitted; A gentleman is interested in the Tao, and there is no equivalent, and it cannot be achieved. "
(25) Mencius said: "When the cock crows, you should cultivate good people and obey the people; When chickens crow, people who breed for profit will also be people who eat. If you want to know the difference between shun and sole, there is nothing else, and there is also between benefit and goodness. "
Mencius said: "As soon as a rooster crows, he gets up and works tirelessly to do good, which is a kind of person." The cock crows and gets up, constantly seeking profit. He is a kind of person. I want to know the difference between obedience and wisdom, which is nothing more than the difference between doing good and seeking profit. "
(26) Mencius said, "Andy took it from me and pulled out a dime for the benefit of the world, not for the benefit of the world. Mozi loved everything, and he longed for the world of interests. Mozi Vocational School No.3; Near the middle. If you have no right to hold it, you will still hold it. Whoever does evil will commit the crime of stealing and will waste a hundred. "
Mencius said: "Andy pursues' for me' and uproots his hair for the good of the world, but he won't do it. Mozi advocates universal love, and he is willing to do it as long as it is beneficial to the world. If you don't take a middle attitude, you will be close to correct. (But) holding an inflexible middle attitude, or clinging to a point. It is not good to cling to one point, because it damages the Tao, and when you grasp one point, you abandon everything else. "
Note ① Andy: Yang Zhu. See Chapter 9 of Summer. (2) Push the heel: Mo, under the guise of ■, while Shuowen: "■, rotten." Extend to harm. Interpretation, doubt as "cause", many predecessors cited this as "cause" ③: People from Lu during the Warring States Period.
(27) Mencius said: "Hungry people are willing to eat, thirsty people are willing to drink, which is based on eating and drinking, and hunger and thirst are also harmful. Is there only hunger in your mouth? The human heart is also harmful. People can not worry about hunger and thirst, but no one is worried. "
Mencius said, "Hungry people think everything is delicious, while thirsty people think everything is delicious.". This has not tasted the taste of normal diet, but has been damaged by hunger and thirst. Is it only the mouth and stomach that have hunger and thirst damage? The human heart is also damaged. People can't turn (similar) hunger injury into heart injury, so (temporarily) they can't catch up with others, and there is no need to worry about it. "
(28) Mencius said, "Liu Xiahui won't change the three fairs."
Mencius said: "Liu Xiahui will not change his integrity because he is a big official."
(29) Mencius said, "Dig a well for a promising person. Digging nine wells is not as good as a spring, but it is still abandoning a well."
Mencius said, "Doing things is like drilling a well. After drilling six or seven feet, the spring has not been hit yet, and it is still an abandoned well. "
Note ① (rèn): Same as "ge". In ancient times, seven feet (or eight feet) was equal to one inch.
(30) Mencius said: "Yao and Shun are also people; Soup, martial arts, body also; The five tyrants are also fake. If the long vacation doesn't come back, do you know it's not there? "
Mencius said, "Yao and Shun were born with benevolence, and the Tang kings were benevolent by themselves, and the five tyrants were benevolent. If you don't pay them back for a long time, how do you know that they have no kindness? "
(3 1) Gong Sunchou said: "Yi Yin said:' Don't be rude, and let Tai Jia go through, the people will be happy. Too virtuous, and vice versa, the people are happy. "A saint is also a minister, and his monarch is not virtuous. Can he let it go?"
Sun Chou said: "Yi Yin said:' I am not close to those who do not follow the righteousness, and the people are very happy to exile Tai Jia in Yitong; When Tai Jia got better, people were glad to have him back. "The sage is a minister, and the gentleman is not good. Can he be exiled?"
Mencius said: "if you have the ambition to hide, you can;" Without Yi Yin's ambition, he would be usurped. "
Mencius said: "there is a yin meaning, yes;" Without Yi Yin's intention, it is usurping the throne. "
(32) Sun Chou said, "Poetry says,' There is no vegetarian food.' (1) the gentleman to eat without farming, why? "
Sun Chou said, "The Book of Songs says,' Don't eat for nothing.' What is the reason why a gentleman should eat even if he doesn't farm? "
Mencius said: "A gentleman's house is a country, and if it is used, it will be rich, and if it is used, it will be glorious;" If their children follow it, they will be filial and loyal. No vegetarian', which is greater than it? "
Mencius said: "A gentleman lives in this country, and if the monarch of this country appoints him, he will gain stability, wealth, honor and glory;" His disciples follow him, so they can be filial to their parents, respect their brothers, do their best, and be honest and upright. Don't eat for free', which is more important than this? "
Note (1) This sentence comes from The Book of Songs Feng Wei Vatan.
The prince asked, "What can I do for you?"
Prince Pad asked, "What should a scholar do?"
Mencius said, "Shangzhi."
Mencius said, "Make yourself ambitious."
Yue: "What is Shangzhi?"
The prince asked, "Do you mean to make your ambition noble?"
Yue: "It's just benevolence. It is unjust to kill an innocent person, and it is also unjust not to take it away. Living in evil? Renye; Where is path of evil? Yoshiya There is benevolence and righteousness, and adults are prepared. "
Mencius said, "Follow righteousness. It is cruel to kill innocent people. It's unfair to take what belongs to you. Where should I live? Benevolence is; Where is the way to this bank? Justice is. Different people have different opinions, and even what a gentleman should do is completed. "
Note 1 Prince Pader: The son of the King of Qi, whose name is Pader.
(34) Mencius said: "Zhongzi (1), injustice is tolerated by the country and everyone believes it, which is the meaning of abstaining from eating bean soup." People die, relatives, princes and ministers go up and down It's absurd to believe in the big and the small? "
Mencius said, "Chen Zhongzi, if you give it to him (unreasonably), he won't accept it." Everyone believes this, but it is only a small refusal, just like a basket of rice and a bowl of soup. Nothing is more sinful than not talking about the relationship between relatives, princes and ministers. Because he has a small righteousness, he believes that he has a great righteousness. How could he? "
Note ① Neutron: Chen Zhongzi. See the note in chapter 10 of Teng Wengong.
(35) Tao should ask, ①: "Shun is the son of heaven and a scholar. What about killing people?"
Tao said, "Shun is the emperor and Hao Tao is the judge. What if you kill someone? "
Mencius said, "Just stick to it."
Mencius said, "Just arrest him."
"But can't you help it?"
(Tao Ying asked:) "So Shun won't stop it?"
Yue: "Is it forbidden for a husband to avoid evil? My husband has suffered. "
Mencius said, "How can Shun stop? (The power of Hao Tao) is undertaken. "
"But what is this?"
(Peach should ask:) "So what should Shun do?"
He said, "Shun despises the world and still abandons us. Stealing away, following the beach, for a living? However, 2, I am happy to forget the world. "
Mencius said, "Shun regards abandoning the world as abandoning a whore. (So he will) secretly run away behind his father's back, live on the coast, be happy all his life, and be so happy that he forgets the world. "
Note 1 Ying Tao: a disciple of Mencius. ②? (xρn) Ran: Happy.
Mencius saw the son of the King of Qi from Fan and sighed and said, "It's good to live in a different place. Is the husband not a son of man? "
Mencius came to Qi from Fan Yi and saw the son of the King of Qi from a distance. He said with emotion: "The living environment changes people's temperament and supports people's physique. The environment they live in is really important! Isn't he a son like others? "
Mencius said: "The prince's palace, chariots and horses, and clothes are mostly the same as others, and the monarch is others, and his residence is natural;" Who lives in the world? The song of Lu Jun is called the Gate of Geze. The watchman said,' This is not my monarch. Why does it sound like my monarch?' Nothing else, there are similarities. "
Mencius said: "Most of the houses, horses, chariots and clothes of the prince are the same as those of others, but the reason why the prince is like that is because the environment in which he lives makes him like this;" "What's more, people who live in the widest place in the world? (once) Lu Jun went to Song State and shouted at the gate of Geze City in Song State. The gatekeeper said,' This man is not our monarch. Why does he sound like our monarch?' There is no other reason for this, but the living environment is similar. "
Note ① Fan: The place name of Qi State is located in the southeast of Fan County, Shandong Province.
(37) Mencius said: "Eat and love, and do and love; Love without respect is also a beast. People who respect, people who have no money will do the same. If the respect is not true, the gentleman can't be arrested. "
Mencius said: "It's like eating a pig without caressing it;" Disrespectful caress is like raising animals. Respect is what you should have before giving gifts. There is only a respectful form, but there is no sincerity. A gentleman cannot be bound by it in vain. "
(38) Mencius said: "All shapes and colors are natural; Only saints can practice their bodies. "
Mencius said: "Appearance is innate, and only when you become a saint can you be worthy of your appearance."
Qi Xuanwang wanted to lose his life. Sun Chou said, "It is better to be mourned for a long time than to be yourself."
Qi Xuanwang hopes to shorten the mourning period. Sun Chou said, "It's better to mourn for one year (for parents) than not to mourn at all, isn't it?"
Mencius said, "It is still the arm of his brother, and the son is called the aunt's son, and he is also taught filial piety."
Mencius said, "It's like someone is twisting his brother's arm, but you ask him to twist it slowly for a while." What's the use? You just need to educate him with the principles of filial piety and respect for your brother. "
The prince's mother died, and his husband invited a funeral for several months. Sun Chou said, "What if this is the case?"
A prince's biological mother died, and his teacher asked the monarch for permission to mourn for several months. Gong Sunchou asked (Mencius), "What do you think of this kind of thing?"
He said, "I want to die." Although one more day is more than one's own, it is said that the husband forbids the Buddha. "
Mencius said, "This is because I want to mourn for three years and I can't do it." Even one more day of mourning is better than no mourning, which is aimed at those who refuse to mourn because no one forbids him. "
Note (1) According to the above two sentences, after the death of his mother (a vassal's concubine), the prince didn't have to mourn because his father was still alive, but he was buried in linen, so "mourning for several months" was not short.
(40) Mencius said: "There are five reasons why a gentleman teaches: those who rain, those who become virtuous, those who become rich, those who answer questions, and those who love themselves. These five things are taught by gentlemen. "
Mencius said: "A gentleman has five educations: some are timely rain, some are helpful for self-cultivation, some are helpful for success, some are helpful for answering questions, and some are helpful for private education. These five are the ways for gentlemen to educate. "
Note 1 Finance: same as "talent".
(4 1) Gong Sunchou said: "The Tao is high and beautiful, so if it is natural, it seems unattainable; Why not in a few days? "
Gong Sunchou said: "Tao is very high and good, (but learn it,) it's like going to heaven, which seems impossible;" Why not make it full of hope and let people pursue it persistently every day? "
Mencius said, "A great craftsman does not change rope ink for clumsy work, nor does he change winning percentage for clumsy shooting. A gentleman leads without sending, and jumps. People who stand in the middle and can follow. "
Mencius said: "A clever carpenter will not change or abandon rope ink because of a clumsy apprentice, nor will he change the standard of drawing a bow because of a clumsy shooter. A gentleman (teaching people to shoot an arrow, for example) does not shoot an arrow, but he is eager to try (demonstrate). A gentleman stands in the Tao, and a talented person can follow it. "
Note ① rope ink: a tool used by carpenters to straighten.
(42) Mencius said: "There is a way in the world, so you should die with it; There is no way in the world, you are a martyr. I have never heard of anyone being martyred for pottery. "
Mencius said: "The world is peaceful, and the Tao can be practiced by me; The world is chaotic and dark, and I don't hesitate to give my life for the road. Never heard of sacrificing Tao to cater to others. "
(43) Gong said, "Teng honest and frank is outside the door. What's the point if he doesn't answer at the ceremony? "
Gong Duzi said: "When Teng Geng was studying under your door, he seemed to be a polite person, but you didn't answer (his question). Why? "
Mencius said, "Ask your wealth, your virtue, your seniority, your honor, and your reasons, and you will not answer. Teng is even more embarrassing. "
Mencius said: "I don't want to rely on status, ability, age, credit and long-term friendship to answer questions." Teng even accounted for two of them. "
Note 1 Teng Geng: Teng is his younger brother and studied under Mencius.
(44) Mencius said: "Do not do it, do not do it." Thick is thin, and everything is thin. If it is sharp, it will shrink back. "
Mencius said: "People who should not be abandoned are abandoned, so there is no one who cannot be abandoned. If you don't treat the people who should be treated well, then there is no one who won't be treated badly. People who enter too fast will retreat too fast. "
(45) Mencius said: "A gentleman is to things, loving others is benevolence; Be kind to the people and be kind. Be kind to the people, be kind to the people and love things. "
Mencius said: "A gentleman cherishes everything and does not show benevolence and righteousness; For the people, be kind and ignore your relatives. (Gentleman) First kiss, then be kind to the people; Be kind to the people and cherish everything. "
(46) Mencius said: "It is imperative for those who know to know everything; Benevolent people love the masses and are eager to kiss the sages. Yao's and Shun's knowledge is not everything, so it's urgent first. Yao Shun is a kind lover and wants to kiss the virtuous. Not three years of mourning, but slaps and coolies; It is said that I don't know what to do if I let the rice flow, but I just don't know what to do. "
Mencius said: "A wise man should know everything, but he is always anxious to know what to do at present;" Benevolent people should love everything, but they are always eager to love their relatives and sages first. Yao and Shun's wisdom can't be omniscient, because they are eager to do the important things in front of them; The benevolence of Yao and Shun cannot love everyone, because they are eager to love their relatives and sages first. (if someone) does not implement a funeral every three years, but pays attention to funerals such as hemp and coolies (three to five months); Eating in front of elders, but be careful not to bite the meat dry with your teeth (this small etiquette), this is called carelessness. "
Note 1 Xiao Gong: Losing his name. In ancient times, mourning was divided into five categories, namely, withering, Cui Zi, meritorious service, minor service and fainting, and the mourning period was correspondingly divided into three years, one year, nine months, five months and three months. (2) second day, second day, second day, second day; Drink it. It means eating and drinking soup. According to the rules of the ceremony, it is disrespectful to eat and drink like this in front of the elders. ③ Bite your teeth: This refers to biting dry meat with your teeth.