There are 20 occupations that can make people live longer, and calligraphers rank first.
Click on the blue word above to subscribe for attention for free ——————— China's calligraphy and painting can preserve one's health, and the art of calligraphy and painting can not only give people beautiful enjoyment, but also be an effective way to preserve one's health. The research conclusions of medical experts show that among the 20 occupations that can make people live longer, calligraphers rank first, and painters are among them. China's famous painters and calligraphers have a long life. Most of them were in high spirits when they were alive, staying young forever and living a long life. They used their wonderful lives to realize the wonderful use of calligraphy and painting for health preservation. After enjoying the comfortable masterpieces of the following high-life painters and painters, I believe it is not difficult for everyone to understand why they can live for so long! The average life expectancy of the Three Kingdoms, the Jin Dynasty, the Southern and Northern Dynasties is 39-46 years. Zhong You is 79 years old (15 1-230 years old). Zhong You in the Palace Museum in Zhong You is regarded as the "originator of regular script" by the world. His small regular script is slightly flat, with dense lines, thick stippling, clear brushwork, roundness and simplicity, full of a natural and simple meaning. It is said that when Zhong You was a child, he followed Liu Sheng to Baodu Mountain and studied calligraphy for three years. The process of practicing calligraphy kept him calm and refreshing, and achieved the effect of self-cultivation and self-cultivation. Diet, he prefers boiled water, which can reduce the burden on the intestines. How can you not live long if you are well nursed back to health in this way? Mrs Wei, aged 77 (272 ~349), was a famous calligrapher in the Jin Dynasty. She studied under Zhong You and passed on his legacy brilliantly. Mrs Wei is the first teacher of Wang Xizhi, a "book saint". When Mrs. Wei taught, she said that "points" should be like falling rocks, "one" should be like a thousand miles of clouds, and "vertical" should be like dead vines. Understand the severity and speed, learn an open mind, know a strong persistence, and then apply these feelings to calligraphy and even dealing with people. Mrs. Wei can really be said to be a person with good handwriting. If future generations can really reach this level, it will be more than calligraphy and longevity that will benefit them for life! During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, the average life expectancy was 43-47 years, and that of Ou Yangxun was 84 years (557-64 1 year). Ou Yangxun, a famous calligrapher in the Tang Dynasty, is known as "the first regular script in the Tang Dynasty" for his rigorous brushwork and vigorous brushwork. Later generations saw the danger in the middle of the book and took the lead in learning, calling it "European style" "Dream Gone" is the pinnacle of European regular script. Yu Shinan, 80 years old (558 ~638) Yu Shinan was a political figure, writer, poet and calligrapher in Tang Dynasty. Yu Shinan's calligraphy has inherited the tradition of the two kings (Wang Xizhi and Wang Xianzhi), and his brushwork is full of harmony and elegance. Together with Ou Yangxun, Chu Suiliang and Xue Ji, they are called the four great calligraphers in the early Tang Dynasty. Yu Shinan doesn't choose pen and paper to write a book, but pays great attention to sitting posture and wrist movements. He believes that as long as the posture is correct and the wrist is weak, even thick paper and bald pen can be handy and creative. He, 85 years old (about 659 ~ 744), He's Xiao Jing is exhibited in Shanghai Museum. Jasper is dressed as a tree with 10,000 green silk tapestries. I don't know who cut the thin leaves, but the spring breeze in February is like scissors. "I believe that everyone knows the scholars of the Tang Dynasty through this poem. In fact, although He Zhangzhi is famous for his poems, he also likes calligraphy, and his basic skills are not bad! He has a close relationship with Zhang Xu and is called "He Zhang". His calligraphy is naturally excellent! He's typical personality is broad-minded, uninhibited and self-proclaimed "Siming fanatic", which is naturally conducive to longevity. Yan Zhenqing, aged 76 (709 ~785), is a famous calligrapher in the Tang Dynasty, Yan Zhenqing, and is collected in the Palace Museum in Yan Zhenqing. The manuscript of Nephew Sacrifice is called "the second running script in the world". His regular script is contrary to the calligraphy style of the early Tang Dynasty. With the pen of seal script, it is thin and hard, full and vigorous, with a broad structure, magnificent momentum, awe-inspiring bones and dignified majesty. His running script is rich and vigorous, which also embodies the prosperous style of the Tang Dynasty empire and is a typical example of the perfect combination of calligraphy beauty and personality beauty. Liu Gongquan, 87 years old (778 ~865), is a famous calligrapher and poet in Tang Dynasty. Liu Gongquan is famous for his regular script, and he is as famous as Yan Zhenqing, and is called "Yan Liu". He, Ou Yangxun, Yan Zhenqing and Zhao Mengfu are also called "four masters of regular script". Liu Gongquan's regular script can reach a light artistic realm and play an obvious role in health preservation. Qing, that is, purity and freedom, is the highest realm of Taoist practice; Light, that is, weakness and inaction, is also a holy place for Buddhists to practice. Liu Gongquan's pure thought of concentrating on writing books can be said to be completely consistent with the connotation of China's theory of health preservation since ancient times, which is "indifferent to nothingness, obeying the true qi, hiding the spirit inside, and preventing illness". In Song Dynasty, the average life expectancy was 4 1-52 years old, and that of Lu You was 85 years old (1125-1210 years old). Lu You was a famous poet and poet in the Southern Song Dynasty. Together with Wang Anshi, Su Shi and Huang Tingjian, they are also called "the four great poets of the Song Dynasty", and together with Yang Wanli, Fan Chengda and You Mao, they are also called "the four great poets of the Southern Song Dynasty". Lu You's cursive "Poem Volume from Book" is full of pen and ink, chic and magnificent. The font size and stroke thickness in the volume vary greatly, and the pen is sometimes whirling and sometimes dignified, like in the chest, changing at will, which is dizzying. The average life expectancy in Ming Dynasty was 46-56 years old, and that in Shen Zhou was 82 years old (1427 ~ 1509). Shen Zhou's "Lushan Mountain High Map" is in color 193.8×98. 1 cm. Shen Zhou, who calls himself "the landscape axis of Toastmasters", is now in the National Palace Museum in Taipei. Shen Zhou (collected by Zhejiang Museum) is the pioneering work of the "five schools" of literati painting in the middle of Ming Dynasty, and is also called "Ming Sijia" with Wen Zhiming, Tang Yin and Chou Ying. Wen Zhiming, aged 89 (1470 ~ 1559), was a painter, calligrapher and writer in the Ming Dynasty, who lived in Dieling, Qiao Song, Wen Zhiming in the Palace Museum. Wen Zhiming's calligraphy and painting attainments are extremely comprehensive, and his poems, essays, books and paintings are all perfect, so he is called "Four Musts". Together with Shen Zhou, it created the "Wu Pai", and together with Shen Zhou, Tang Bohu and Chou Ying, it was called "Ming Sijia" (the "Four Wumen"). Among his contemporary painters, Wen Zhiming is the oldest. His longevity comes not only from the nourishment of art, but also from his good health preservation. He is a minimalist of life, and breakfast is just some cake bait and so on. He will drink a little wine for Chinese food, not much, only two small cups. If the conversation is interesting, he will add two small cups, but he won't do it anyway. Eat pasta or rice for dinner, not wine, and then eat two small Oumi porridge before going to bed. If you do this for many years, it's hard to shake it. What is even more surprising is that Wen Zhiming gave up his sex life in Wen Zhiming after he was 50 years old, because he had to devote all his energy to his ink painting career. His friends, Tang Yin and Qian, often played jokes on him, and finally they were overwhelmed and ran away. Dong Qichang, 8 1 year-old (1555 ~ 1636), Dong Qichang's running script "Don't give up on yourself", Dong Qichang's landscape painting "Lin Quan Jing You Tu" in calligraphy, and Dong Qichang, a famous painter and calligrapher in Ming Dynasty, is good at painting landscapes with beautiful and ethereal brushwork. Clean and bright with ink fragrance, gentle and plain; Green, simple and generous. The outstanding representative of Huating Painting School, represented by Buddhism and Zen, had a great influence on painting circles in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties. Calligraphy in and out of the Jin and Tang dynasties, sui generis, can make poetry. Fu Shan, aged 77 (1607 ~ 1684), was a Taoist thinker, calligrapher and physician of Fu Shan in the Palace Museum in Ming and Qing Dynasties. Fu Shan's small print is the best, extremely Gu Zhuo, but he doesn't do much. Generally speaking, he should be sought after by people, but his cursive script is not tacky at all, with elegant appearance and stubborn connotation, just like him. " Zhu Da, 80 years old (1626 ~ 1706), Zhu Da's axis of calligraphy and painting (77.9X 166.8cm), Zhu Da, a painter of eight mountains in the Palace Museum. He is arrogant, stubborn and crazy. He used poetry and calligraphy to vent his sadness and depression. His landscape paintings are simple and vigorous, and the artistic conception is desolate and desolate. He is also good at calligraphy, calligraphy, cursive script, patriarchal Wang Xizhi, Wang Xianzhi, Yan Zhenqing, Dong Qichang and so on. He writes books with a bald pen, and his writing is smooth and healthy. The average life expectancy in the early Qing Dynasty was 45-565,438+0 years. The average life expectancy in the late Qing Dynasty was 3 1-34 years old and 88 years old (1, 7 1, 654,38+0,654,38+0,799). The paper book "Running Script Phoenix Listening Axis" was educated by the traditional culture of Han nationality since childhood. Emperor Qing Qianlong lived to be 88 years old. Apart from his love of painting and calligraphy, he also benefited from his three-word formula for health preservation: knocking his teeth frequently, swallowing body fluids frequently, rubbing his nose frequently, moving his legs frequently, rubbing his face frequently, rubbing his feet frequently, turning his abdomen frequently, stretching his waist frequently, lifting his anus frequently, eating without talking, lying down without talking, drinking without getting drunk, and not being obsessed with color. This is also the "nine positive" regimen of Chinese medicine. Liu Yong (Liu), aged 85 (17 19 ~ 1804), is a calligrapher and politician, and a painter in Qing dynasty. I have changed my calligraphy several times in my life. When I was young, the beads were round and smooth, and the brushwork in middle age was vigorous, but it tended to be dull in my later years. Liu Yong is good at using calligraphy to cultivate self-cultivation and cultivate literary mind. In the process of practicing calligraphy, his mind wandered between the eight poles, relaxed, comfortable to breathe, combined with movements, vigorous and powerful writing, and full of ink. When practicing calligraphy, people enter a detached realm, and they can also get gentle whole-body exercise by bending their arms and reaching out, moving their shoulders and moving their elbows. Weng Fanggang, aged 85 (1733 ~ 18 18), was a calligrapher, writer and epitaph in Qing Dynasty. His running script is a typical traditional calligraphy style. Coherent and soft, not anxious and impetuous, well-behaved, very distinctive, without losing everyone's demeanor. Ruan Yuan, 85 years old (1764 ~ 1849), Ruan Yuan, is a calligrapher, engraver and thinker in Ruan Yuan. He has great attainments in Confucian classics, mathematics, astronomy, geography, compilation, epigraphy and collation. He is regarded as the elder statesman of three dynasties, the minister of nine provinces and the first generation of scribes. In China in 1950s and 1960s, the average life expectancy was about 50 years old, and after 1978, it was 67-77 years old. Wu Changshuo is 83 years old (1844 ~ 1927). Wu Changshuo, 1924 Hua Dan, Wu Changshuo, who wrote eight-character couplets with seal script, was a key figure in the development and transformation of modern calligraphy and painting art in China. He was a famous painter, calligrapher and seal engraver in China in the late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China. Together with Ren Bonian, Pu Hua and Xu Gu, they are called "four outstanding Shanghai scholars in the late Qing Dynasty". Qi Baishi, 93 years old (1864 ~ 1957) Qi Baishi's calligraphy "Step by Step" Qi Baishi is a master of modern painting in China and a world cultural celebrity. He is good at painting flowers and birds, insects and fish, landscapes and figures. His pen and ink are vigorous and moist, with rich and bright colors, concise and vivid shapes and simple artistic conception. Fish, shrimp, worms and crabs are full of fun. Qi Baishi's health care is unique, which can be summarized as "five health care techniques", namely: one, seven precepts, two, eight noes, three, drinking tea, four, eating properly, and five, playing erhu. The precept in the "Seven Commandments" is that if you don't study in life, you will muddle along. Therefore, the old man Baishi paints more than usual every day, so that time is not wasted. One year before his death, he painted more than 600 paintings. Huang, 90 years old (1865 ~ 1955) Huang is a famous painter and scholar in modern times. He is good at painting landscapes and is a master of landscape painting. Influenced by Xin 'an Painting School in his early years, he was characterized by dry brushwork and light ink, and was called Bai Hongbin. After the age of 80, it shows the density and brightness of black in the dark, which is called "black rainbow". Huang is a 90-year-old master of Chinese painting. He agrees with the Taoist philosophy of health preservation. He believes that Taoist health care pays attention to nourishing nature, nourishing qi, controlling quietness and desire, which is the same as Chinese painting health care. Master Hong Bin lived according to Tao, so he lived to a very old age. He Xiangning, 98 years old (1878 ~ 1972), is a calligrapher in He Xiangning and a landscape painter in He Xiangning. Her landscape flowers and birds are round and delicate, with simple colors and vivid meanings. Her early paintings were influenced by Japanese painting style, with vivid animals, accurate modeling and strong realism. Painting * * * with blank space, without pen and ink, gives people an open realm. It can be said that the pen and ink are accurate and the skill is extraordinary. Yu Youren, 85 years old (1879 ~ 1964) Yu Youren Calligraphy Yu Youren was a statesman, educator and calligrapher in modern China. Friends often ask him how to keep healthy and live a long life. He always points to the calligraphy and painting hanging high on the living room wall, smiling without a word. It's a freehand lotus painting with a couplet next to it: Don't think about eight or nine, always think about one or two. Horizontal batch: Ruyi. Zhu Qizhan, 104 years old (1892 ~ 1996) Zhu Qizhan's "Spring in the Silver Pond" Zhu Qizhan is one of the oldest in China painting circles. His creation inherits the tradition, blends Chinese and western, devotes himself to innovation, and is vigorous and magnificent with distinctive national characteristics and personal style. Guo Moruo is 86 years old (1892 ~ 1978). Guo Moruo's calligraphy not only attaches importance to learning from teachers, but also dares to innovate, showing bold creative spirit and distinctive characteristics of the times, and takes "turning back to the front and turning back to the flat" as the key to writing eight characters. Guo Moruo is good at cursive writing, with refreshing and free brushwork, flexible operation and endless charm; Although his regular script works are not well preserved, they are particularly skillful and fluent, with both form and spirit. The secret of Lao Guo's longevity is inseparable from learning calligraphy, persisting in * * * all the year round and paying attention to scientific diet. Liu Haisu, aged 98 (1896 ~ 1994), is a famous painter in China. He studied oil painting and did Chinese painting in his early years. His lines have the power of steel. After that, he devoted himself to splashing ink, and his pen danced with ink, with extraordinary spirit; In his later years, he splashed color, which was colorful and vigorous. Liu Haisu's old man remained ruddy and quick-thinking until his later years. Someone asked him the secret of longevity, and Mr. Liu came up with four formulas, that is, put down, eat in, pull out and sleep in. Lin Sanzhi, 9 1 year-old (1898 ~ 1989), a four-character couplet of Lin Sanzhi's calligraphy and calligraphy, 1980, from Lin Sanzhi Calligraphy and Painting Collection (Cultural Relics Publishing House). Lin Sanzhi's calligraphy is good, that is, the immortal bone is affectionate, but the Buddha's heart is Lin Sanzhi, who is known as the contemporary sage of grass, and is a master of poetry, calligraphy and painting. In Lin Sanzhi's essays, there is a saying that "the brushwork should be straight and round, which is more comfortable". This brushwork principle comes from Huang's guidance and influence on him. After that, he studied under Huang, not only entered his painting door, but also learned the method of writing. On Mr. Lin's longevity, not only comes from calligraphy and painting used for self-cultivation, but also comes from his deafness in his later years, which reduces the interference of going out and everything, thus bringing a quiet life and a regular routine of "sleeping three times a day". Zhang Daqian, 84 years old (1899 ~ 1983) Zhang Daqian's Seven-word Couplet of Official Young Generals 1932 Zhang Daqian's Lakes and Mountains are collected in Shanghai Museum, and he is a famous ink-splashing painter in China. Known as "the pen of the East" by the western art world, it is also called "the painter who copied the most famous paintings in the world". Mr Daqian believes that calligraphy and painting is a kind of Qigong and Tai Ji Chuan on paper. Because before learning Chinese characters and painting, you need to get rid of distractions and stick to your abdomen. "Meditate first" to purify the mind, which is like the "quiet" stage before practicing Qigong. Then luck comes to the fingers, wrists, arms and waist to adjust the whole body strength of the pen tip. "When you start painting a picture, you will do your best to give it away", or "dragons playing in the sea" or "dragonflies" will make a wonderful pen blossom. The above moves are just like Tai Ji Chuan's one move and one style. Because painting and calligraphy need to concentrate on breathing, adjust breathing, combine rigidity with softness, alternate between reality and reality, exert different forces, and move the pen quickly. This naturally accommodates the whole body's blood gas, harmonizes the functions of various parts of the body, balances the excitement and inhibition of brain nerves, and promotes blood circulation and metabolism. Sha Menghai, 92 years old (1900 ~ 1992), Sha Menghai's running script: "The moon rises slightly, quietly". The drums are spinning and the ribbons are swinging in the air. "Sha Menghai, a famous scholar in the 20th century. There are deep researches in language, literature and history, archaeology, calligraphy and seal cutting. President of Xiling Printing Society, president of Xiling Painting and Calligraphy Institute, honorary curator of Zhejiang Museum, and vice chairman of China Calligraphers Association. Lin Fengmian, 9 1 year-old (1900 ~ 199 1 year-old) Lin Fengmian, a flower and bird Lin Fengmian, is a native of Meixian County, Guangdong Province, a modern painter and art educator. Lin Fengmian is good at describing ladies, Peking Opera figures, fishing village customs, female human bodies, as well as various still life paintings and landscape paintings with houses. His works are full of sadness, loneliness, emptiness and lyricism, and he was one of the spiritual leaders of China art circle in the last century. Famous artists such as Wu Guanzhong and Zhao Wuji all come from Lin Fengmian's family. Lin Fengmian had two painful experiences of destroying paintings in his life, one was destroyed by the Japanese army during the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression period, and the other was destroyed by himself during the Cultural Revolution. All the intellectuals immersed in the vat of the Cultural Revolution were either crazy or committed suicide, but Lin Fengmian said, "I will never commit suicide, but I will live with peace of mind. Huang Yongyu wrote in the book An Old Man Older than Me: On the morning of August 12 10, 92-year-old Lin Fengmian came to the gate of heaven. What does ""do? Do you have a lot of whip marks? "God asked him." "painter!" Lin Fengmian answered. Lin Fengmian encountered numerous difficulties in his life because of his painting, but he never gave up. "Painting" is an eternal spiritual pillar and sustenance for Lin Fengmian, who is 9 1 year old. Shu Tong, 93 years old (1905 ~ 1998), Shu Tong, a calligrapher of Shu Tong, was born in Dongxiang, Jiangxi. He founded the China Calligraphers Association and was the first chairman of the China Calligraphers Association. Known by * * as "calligrapher on horseback" and "a pen in the party". Cao Yu is known as a "master of a generation", which is the honor of our party. "* * * spoke highly of Shu Tong as a" man who came through the Long March "and made a new chapter in the book circle. Zhao Puchu, 93 years old (1907 ~2000) Zhao Puchu Calligraphy Zhao Puchu is an outstanding Buddhist leader, an outstanding calligrapher, a famous social activist and a great patriot. Park Lao has three ways to keep fit: one is to eat vegetables, the other is to * * *, and the third is to "dream". Of the three, spirit is the most important. If a person doesn't have a "dream", he can't cheer up, nor can he live a long and healthy life. Wu Zuoren, 89 years old (1908 ~ 1997), a Wu Zuoren camel, a Wu Zuoren goldfish and a Wu Zuoren panda, had great skills in sketching and oil painting in their early years. Intercropping Chinese painting is full of life interest and does not fall into the traditional pattern. In his later years, he specialized in traditional Chinese painting, with a broad realm and far-reaching implications, and integrated the profound attainments of Chinese and Western art with a concise and accurate image. He has made great achievements in sketch, oil painting and art education, and is unique in Chinese painting creation. Wu Zuoren is another leading figure in China art world after Xu Beihong. The camels, pandas and goldfish in his works are unique! Xie, 87 years old (19 10 ~ 1997), Xie Shanshui, 93 years old (19 12 ~2005), China calligrapher and calligraphy appraiser. Looking at Mr. Qi Gong's exquisite books, there always seems to be an inexhaustible morning glow, which makes people feel refreshed and all the dust is destroyed. Teacher Wang's handwriting is slightly bookish, crisp, straight, clear, beautiful but not vulgar, and brilliant in literary talent. Even in such a large exhibition hall, you can catch your eyes and touch your heart at once with Chen. Qi Gong's longevity is closely related to his active thinking, broad-minded, courteous and humorous, gentle and easy-going regimen. Mr. Qi Gong said that he had "three fears" and "two fears" and "three fears". He was afraid of being "the shadow of the ancestors of the royal family" (Qi Gong was the royal family and the grandson of Yongzheng IX) and was afraid of introducing himself to his wife. "Two are not afraid", one is not afraid of illness, and the other is not afraid of death. Guan Shanyue, 88 years old (19 12 ~2000), is a native of Yangjiang, Guangdong Province. His calligraphy includes Guan Shanyue's Heavenly Reward for Diligence, Guan Shanyue's Shi Shangquan's Vocal Music Rain and Autumn, and Guan Shanyue's original name. China is a famous painter and educator. Representative of Lingnan School of Painting. Zeng studied under Gao, the founder of Lingnan Painting School. His works adhere to the spirit of Lingnan School of Painting, which is "both Chinese and Western, blending ancient and modern", with a clear sense of the times and realism, and are good at landscape painting and plum painting. Besides being friends with paintings, Guan Shanyue's longevity lies in his frequent conversations with people, which not only enlivened his brain, but also made friends from all walks of life, with a cheerful mood and an open mind. Wu Guanzhong, 9 1 year old (19 19 ~20 10), Wu Guanzhong, a swan in the water town of Wu Guanzhong, was born in Yixing, Jiangsu Province, and was a famous contemporary painter, oil painter and art educator. During the Cultural Revolution, years of hard work and irregular painting made Wu Guanzhong suffer from severe hepatitis. One day, Wu Guanzhong heard that his old classmate had become a famous painter, which aroused his ambition and unwillingness. Wu Guanzhong's painting is crazy. Hepatitis, which doctors can't cure, recovers day by day in my selfless painting. He has a pure obsession with painting. "There is only one choice in life. I support groping in the direction I think, and I won't cry if I go astray. " In addition, Mr. Wu Guanzhong is a thorough person, and his heart is selfless and broad, so naturally he is in good health and has a long life. Zhu Dequn, 94 years old (1920 ~20 14), 1995, calligraphy-Li Qingzhao's ci 1954, Alishan 1989, Ye Xiao, Mr. Wang is one of the famous overseas Chinese artists, France. His lyrical and poetic abstract paintings are praised by modern French painting historians as "the most successful painter who combines the exquisiteness of oriental art with the shades of western painting". Zhao Wuji, aged 92 (192 1 year ~20 13 years), is known as the "Three Musketeers of France" in the art world together with Zhao Wuji, Zhu Dequn and Wu Guanzhong. In his painting creation, he participated in the traditional culture and art of China with the form of modern western painting and the color skills of oil painting, and created a new painting space with changeable colors, strong brushwork, rhythm and light sense, which was called "the representative of modern western lyric abstraction school". Zhao Wuji thinks painting is the same as breathing. People need to breathe, they can't do without breathing, and painting also needs breathing. You have to put your feelings in and let the picture breathe with you. Zhao Wuji once said in his 90s, "I'm not afraid of getting old or dying. As long as I can draw with a brush, I'm not afraid. "Practicing calligraphy and painting not only makes people write beautifully, talk elegantly and sound like blue, but also is an excellent way of health care, nourishing temperament and cultivating noble personality ... In fact, there is no uniform standard for health care, and painting and calligraphy are just a typical and effective way. As long as people can exercise muscles, exercise and be happy, they can delay aging and prolong life! Copyright: This platform aims to spread calligraphy knowledge. The article originated from the internet and only represents the original author's point of view. Online data can't verify the author. If the reprinting of the text, art, photography and other works in the article involves your copyright issues, please contact us in time, and we will delete the reprinting content as soon as possible! Jiangsu Calligraphy Association Jiangsu Calligraphers Association is the only official WeChat platform to create a professional calligraphy micro-journal. Welcome to reprint and forward. You can communicate with us if you have any comments, suggestions and recommendations. Email: jsssfjxh@ 163. Disclaimer: The above content comes from the Internet, and the copyright belongs to the original author. If there is any infringement of your original copyright, please let us know and we will delete the relevant content as soon as possible.