If you are good, you will receive it, and if you repair it, you will protect yourself; When you see bad things, you will introspect when you are sad. If you are good, you must be good to yourself. If you are not good at it, you are evil to yourself. So, either my people or my teachers; It's me, my friend; Those who flatter me are thieves. Therefore, a gentleman takes his teacher as his friend, so that he hates his thief. If you are good but not satisfied, you can quit if you are admonished. Although you want not to advance, how can you get it? On the contrary, the villain is chaotic and the wicked is not himself, corrupt and greedy, and his heart is like a tiger and a wolf, and he is a thief of the wicked. Flatterers kiss, remonstrate and argue, smirk and be loyal to thieves. Although you want to live, you will get it! "Poetry" said: "It's a pity. If you ask for it, you will violate it; If you don't care about it, you will rely on it. " This is also called.
[Notes] ① Xiuran: In a neat way. Save: check. ② Three introductions: the emergence of firm will. (4) Disaster (zāi disaster) Nature: the occurrence of disaster. This is a disaster. ⑤ Poem sentence: See The Book of Songs Xiaoya Xiao Min. Sister-in-law (X: There is still hope), agree. Hissing (zǐ purple), denigrating each other. Hole, very, very.
The level of goodness (1), after Peng Zu (2) depends on the treatment of qi for health, after Yao and Yu (3) depends on self-cultivation. Keep pace with the times, benefit the poor, be polite and trustworthy. Where you use blood, will and care, you will be cured and confused by the ceremony. Eating, drinking, wearing, living and moving, from ceremony to festival, you will get sick if you don't obey the ceremony; Appearance, attitude, advance and retreat, tendency, politeness is elegance, impoliteness is conservative and anti-6, mediocrity and wildness. If an old friend is rude, there will be no life, if something is rude, there will be nothing, and if the country is rude, it will be uneasy. "Poetry" says: "Courtesy is measured, and laughter pays off." ⑦ This is also called.
[Note] ① Flat: All-round and comprehensive. ② The word "body" should be added before "back". Peng Zu: Sebrina, whose name is Keng, was sealed in Pengcheng. Legend has it that he lived 800 years. 3 names: be "strong". The word "name" should be added before "match". 4 hours: location. ⑤ Bo: Transmission paradox. Mention: Passing "love" and "love" is soothing. Hey: Pass "slow". 6 ancient: disdainful. Very strong, yes. ⑦ "Poetry" sentence: Quoted from the Book of Songs by Xiaoya Chutz.
Good ancestors call it teaching, and good people call it obedience; Bad ancestors are called flattery, and bad others are called flattery. Yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah. Hurting a good man is called slander, and hurting a good man is called a thief. Right, right, wrong, wrong, wrong, wrong, stealing goods is called stealing, hiding is called cheating, and if it is relaxed, it is called birthday. Interest is impermanent, and Paulie abandons righteousness and is called a thief. Learn more, smell less and learn more; It is more common to say idle things, but it is less common to say ugly things. It's hard to get in, but easy to forget. What is less is rational rule, and what is more is the consumption of chaos.
[Note] ① Interest: Pass the "potential". ② (tí): Slow. (3) Mao Mao (Mao Mao, Mao Mao, Mao Mao, Mao Mao, Mao Mao, Mao Mao and Mao Mao) Maomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomaomao
The art of treating qi and nourishing the heart: strong blood will soften and reconcile; Knowing that the attention is getting deeper and deeper, that one is easy to get better; Courage is supplemented by Dao Shun (2); Give convenience (3) and then stop; Narrow and small, broad outline; Humility, procrastination and greed, and then resist it with wisdom; When the masses disperse, they are teachers and friends; If you ignore and abandon ⑤, it will be a disaster ⑤; After the end of foolish wealth, it is combined with rites and music to think. Any technique of treating qi and nourishing the heart needs no teacher, and it is not good to get god. Husband refers to the art of treating qi and nourishing the heart.
[Note] ① Gradually: Over "diving" and sinking. 2 Dao Shun: Guidance, that is, instruction. 3 qi: disease. 4 um (Jie robbery): the same as "robbery", take it away. Teachers and friends take away old bad habits. ⑤ (PIAO ticket): light and thin. ⑤: Let you understand through "Zhao". ⑦(quèude): Loyalty.
If you are determined to cultivate your mind, you will be arrogant and rich. If you have morality, you will despise the prince. Introspection will despise foreign things. Chuan said, "A gentleman's thing is a villain's thing." This is called Yi. Work hard and feel at ease; Less and more, for it. Trouble is better than no trouble. Therefore, a good farmer is not drought, a good farmer is not poverty, and a gentleman is not poverty.
[Note] ① shé tongue Reading: Loss. Reading and selling.
Respectful and faithful, humble and loving, they are all over the world. Although trapped in four countries, people are expensive. Hard work comes first, while pleasure can make people honest, cautious and meticulous, and run wild all over the world. Although trapped among four foreigners, people have an obligation to do it. The body is solid and deceitful, and the technique is smooth and fine, which runs rampant all over the world. Although extending in all directions, people are not cheap. Hard work is a matter of stealing Confucianism, while Rao Le is a matter of exchange without pleasure, breaking without embarrassment, offering without recording, and running rampant all over the world. Although it extends in all directions, people will abandon it.
【 Note 】 ① Shun: The word "Shen" refers to the person who advocated "Fa" and "Teacher" in the middle of the Warring States Period, and Shen Dao, an early legalist figure. Mo: It refers to the Lu people and the founder of Mohism during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. Essence: It should be the word "love". 2 Confucianism: Pass "cowardice". 3 Objection: by "sharp", sharp. 4 service: lust. Recording: beam inspection.
Behavior of Hebei ①, non-waterlogging ②; It is not a crime to do things while leaning down; I bow my head first, I'm not afraid. However, if a gentleman wants to cultivate his body alone, he must not offend vulgar people.
[Note] ① Supply: Pass "tribute". Ji: When it is the word "wing", respect. ② Zin ao: trapped in mud.
A husband travels thousands of miles a day, and he also has ten horses. Will it be endless, endless? Its broken bones and tendons can't match for life. Will stop, and then thousands of miles away, sooner or later, sooner or later, why not be together? People who don't know the trace will pursue infinity with infinity. Has the meaning stopped? The husband is strong and white, the same is different, and there is a thick and thick test. To observe, the gentleman does not argue, but also stops; It is not difficult to rely on the trip of the chief executive, but not the gentleman. Therefore, the scholar said, "If you wait for me, I will be late or soon, or early or late. Why not think it can't be the same? " Therefore, the road is long, and it never stops in Xiu Yuan. Tired of the soil, the hills are rushing; Tired of its source, open its blasphemy, rivers can be exhausted; One advance and one retreat, one left and one right, six horses don't come. The talent of the other party is similar to that of the princess. So what if six horses are lame? However, for no other reason, a lame turtle can cause it, but six horses can't, either for it or not.
[Note] ① Just white: that is, "just white separation" was a proposition put forward by the famous Gongsun Long in the Warring States Period. He believes that "firmness" and "whiteness" are two independent attributes of things. Bai Jian LUN see GongSunLong. Similarities and differences: A proposition put forward by the famous Hui Shi in the Warring States Period, which holds that similarities and differences between things are relative. See The World in Zhuangzi. Whether there is thickness or not: it is also a philosophical proposition put forward by Huishi. He believes that "a thousand miles a day is not allowed" (Zhuangzi Tianxia). Things without thickness cannot be accumulated, but the area can still be as large as a thousand miles. Deng's ideas in the Spring and Autumn Period. See Deng Hou. (2) Relying on Kui: those who preach "strangeness" are also strangeness (Gu ρ returns). 3 worship: end.
Although the Tao is close, it cannot be done; Small as it is, nothing is impossible. He is also an idle person, and he is not far away. Good law, too; Dedication and body, the gentleman also; Qi Ming is inexhaustible, and saints are also. If people can't, they are dumbfounded; If there is law without ambition, the canal will be natural; Deep according to law, then warm.
【 Precautions 】 ① Entry: It is suspected that the word "person" is wrong. 2 ambition: know, identify, know and understand. (3) Canal: leading to "Qi". The canal is naturally awkward.
Rites, so the body also; Teacher, so courtesy also. Why is rudeness right? Without a teacher, I am polite, right? However, politeness is also a sense of security; If a teacher is a cloud, he knows whether he is a teacher or not. Love with courtesy, knowledge with teacher is holy. Therefore, you must not be indecent; Without a teacher, there would be no teacher. It is better to use it yourself than to learn from others. For example, distinguish between color and blindness, distinguish between voice and deafness, and do nothing without chaos. Therefore, people who learn also have manners. Teacher, it is also important to be a tool of justice and stabilize yourself. "Poetry" said: "I don't know, I don't know, I follow the son of heaven." This is also called.
[Notes] ① The sentence "Shiyun" is quoted from "The Book of Songs, Elegant and Easy". Then, the law.
When you are obedient to your younger brother (1), you can be said to be good and a minority; Study hard and be sensitive, and you will be supreme and be a gentleman. Stealing Confucianism and fearing things, indulging in food unscrupulously, can be described as a villain; Caution and tactlessness are unknown people, and they may also be imprisoned. The old and the strong return, those who are not poor and connected accumulate, those who are invisible and have no pay, and those who are wise are unfilial. People have these three lines, although there are bigger mistakes, how do they live?
【 Precautions 】 ① Brother: Be "friendly" and respect your brother. 2 admonition: preach "swinging" and debauchery.
The gentleman's pursuit of profit is also slight, and its far-reaching harm is also early. He avoided humiliation and fear, and his behavior was brave. A gentleman's ambition is not poor, and he respects each other with wealth. Yan 'an is not lazy, tired or withered, but he is angry and happy. The gentleman is not poor in ambition, and the benevolent is also; Rich and respectful, killing potential also; Yan' an is not lazy, and Cambodia is reasonable; If you work hard and your appearance doesn't wither, you will make friends easily. Anger can't be taken away, joy can't be given, and law wins over private interests. "Book" said: "Do everything, shun Wang Zhidao; Do no evil, follow the way of the monarch. " (3) This gentleman can overcome selfish desires with justice.
【 Precautions 】 ① Ho: Pass the word "tired" and feel sleepy. 2 Cross: As the word "Wen". (3) "Yue in the Book" sentence: See "Shang Shu Hong Fan".
The proposition of advocating self-cultivation, keeping the family in order, governing the country and leveling the world presents a progressive structure in China's cultural system, in which self-cultivation is the basic point and core. The pre-Qin Confucianists advocated that everyone from Tian Zi to Shu Ren should pay attention to self-cultivation, and achieve the personality height of "benevolence" and "courtesy" through self-cultivation, so as to handle the most important "five relations" in the world, namely, monarch, minister, father and son, couple, brother and friend. This is the educational ideal of pre-Qin Confucianism, and the key to self-cultivation lies in practice. In the interpretation of Confucius and Mencius' theory, people's hearts were sincere in the Yao and Shun era, so benevolence and faith were inherent in people themselves. The world is going from bad to worse because people's hearts are covered with earthly dirt. Confucius advocated "loyalty" and Mencius advocated "behavior", which is to let him clean up the dirt in moral practice, restore his nature and become a benevolent gentleman again. Xunzi, who advocates the theory of evil nature, does not believe that human nature has the so-called "good knowledge and good ability", but believes that "the way of propriety and righteousness" is acquired by individuals, but he also attaches great importance to personal practice, thinking that no matter how close the road is, you can't get there without going, and no matter how small the matter is, you can't be the same without going. The birth of a gentleman is also the requirement of all kinds of bowing under the guidance of a teacher, and it is to "turn nature into falsehood"
The concept of "gentleman" originally refers to people with aristocratic status or family background, but Confucius turned to refer to people with moral cultivation. It is the life value that Confucian gentlemen expect to achieve to help the world and the people. Of course, compared with the highest ideal of saving the world and the people, the latter may still adhere to personal integrity and live up to the name of a hermit, but bitterness and helplessness are inevitable. If you can help the world at the same time, the best way is to be an imperial envoy. "Teacher" is not only the role that Xunzi attached great importance to when he preset the process of self-cultivation, but also the best stage for the gentleman who completed this process to realize his self-worth. It is the dream of every Confucian to convey his political ideal to politicians as a "teacher" and turn it into reality with the help of politicians, but there are not many lucky Confucian scholars. The development of society is not exactly as designed by Confucianism in the pre-Qin period, because although Confucianism still has the possibility of making contributions to the peaceful governance of the world, you can still do nothing in troubled times when people are in dire straits. The so-called "dragon seeds are planted, but fleas are harvested" is a huge contrast and banter, which has been experienced by western enlightenment thinkers and later Confucian scholars in China, with a heavy sense of historical loss surging. The difference is that the former changed from a romantic who created the heroic image of the bourgeoisie to a critical realist who exposed the evils accumulated by the bourgeoisie in the original work. The latter accepted the theories of Laozi, Zhuangzi, Buddhism and Buddhism more because of their heaviness and depression, and walked through life in a state of hope and hopelessness. The Confucian thought of self-cultivation then showed the pan-Confucianism of Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism.