Cucumber (scientific name: cucumber? An annual creeping or climbing herb of Cucurbitaceae. Stems and branches are elongated, wrinkled, and white and rough. Tendrils are very thin. Petiole slightly rough, with rough hair; Leaf blade broadly ovate-cordate, membranous, lobes triangular, dentate. Monoecious.
Male flowers: constant flowers clustered in leaf axils; Pedicel slender, puberulent; Corolla yellow-white, oblong-lanceolate corolla lobes. Female flowers: solitary or sparsely clustered; Pedicel stout, pilose; The ovary is rough. The fruit is oblong or cylindrical, yellow-green at maturity and rough on the surface. Seeds are small, narrowly ovate, white, borderless, and both ends are nearly acute. Summer flower and fruit period.
Extended data
According to the distribution area and ecological characteristics of cucumber, it is divided into the following types:
1, South Asian type
Distributed all over South Asia. Stems and leaves are stout, easy to branch, and the fruit is large. The weight of single fruit is 1 ~ 5 kg, and the pericarp of short cylinder or long cylinder is lighter in color, with sparse nodules and black or white thorns. Thick skin and light taste. I like hot and humid, and I am strict with short sunshine. There are many local varieties, such as Sikkim cucumber, China Banna cucumber and Zhaotong cucumber.
2. South type
Distributed in China, south of the Yangtze River and all over Japan. The stems and leaves are luxuriant, resistant to damp and heat, and short-lived, with small fruits, sparse tumors and many black thorns. The tender fruit is green, green and white, yellow and white, and the taste is light; Mature fruits are yellow-brown and reticulate. Representative varieties are Kunming Early Cucumber, Guangzhou Qing Er, Shanghai Foreign Firm, Wuhan Herring Gallbladder, Chongqing Dabai and Japanese Evergreen, Xiangmo Banbai, etc.
3. North China type
Distributed in the north of the Yellow River Basin in China, Korea, Japan and other places. This plant grows moderately, likes wet soil and sunny natural conditions, and is insensitive to the length of sunshine. The tender fruit is clavate, green, dense and spiny. The ripe fruit is yellow and white, and there is no net. The representative varieties are Shandong Xintai Mici, Beijing Dacigua, Tangshan Qiugua, Beijing Lufaqing and their hybrids Zhongnong 11kloc-0/,Jin Yan 1-7, Jinza1,Jinza No.2 and Lu Chun 32.
4. European and American models
Distributed in Europe and North America. Lush stems and leaves, cylindrical fruit, medium size, sparse tumor, Nitraria tangutorum, light taste, yellow or yellowish brown ripe fruit, there are Eastern Europe, Northern Europe, North America and other varieties. Greenhouse cucumbers in Europe and America are distributed in Britain and Holland. Lush stems and leaves, low temperature and weak light tolerance, smooth and light green fruit surface, and fruit length above 1250px. There are British greenhouse cucumbers, Dutch greenhouse cucumbers and so on.
5. Cucumber
Distributed in Asia, Europe and America. This plant is short and branched. Many flowers and many fruits. The representative variety is Yangzhou long-breasted cucumber.