Tea ceremony originated in China. China Tea Ceremony flourished in Tang Dynasty, Song and Ming Dynasties and declined in modern times. After the Song Dynasty, China Tea Ceremony was introduced to Japan and Korea, and gained new development. Nowadays, people often only know Japanese tea ceremony, but little about China tea ceremony, and China tea ceremony is the source of Japanese and Korean tea ceremony, with a history of 1000 years. China Tea Ceremony is an art of drinking tea for the purpose of monasticism. Its purpose is to cultivate body and mind, realize Tao and enhance the realm of life with the help of tea art.
China Tea Ceremony is an organic combination of "the way to drink tea", "the way to raise tea" and "tea is the way". "The way of drinking tea" refers to the art of drinking tea, and "Tao" is the method and skill here. "Tea-drinking and monasticism" refers to respecting courtesy and benevolence, and cultivating self-cultivation through the art of tea drinking; "Tao" here is about morality, truth and origin; "Tea is the Tao" means that Tao exists in daily life, and tea is the Tao. "Tao" here is about truth, reality, noumenon and origin.
First, China Tea Ceremony: The Way to Drink Tea
China Tea Ceremony was formed around the middle Tang Dynasty, and Lu Yu was the originator of China Tea Ceremony. The way of drinking tea advocated by Lu Yu in Tea Classic is actually an artistic way of drinking tea, which includes a series of procedures, ceremonies and rules such as tea tasting, water selection, appreciation, ignition, baking, grinding, boiling water, frying tea, making tea and drinking. China Tea Ceremony is a way and art of drinking tea.
Lu Yu, also known as Hung-chien, was born in Jingling, Fuzhou (now Tianmen County, Hubei Province) in the Tang Dynasty. Lu Yu wrote the Book of Tea in three volumes, which is divided into ten chapters: the source of one, the instrument of two, the creation of three, the instrument of four, the cooking of five, the drinking of six, the seven things, the coming out of eight, the outline of nine and the picture of ten. "Four Instruments" describes twenty-four kinds of utensils such as baking tea, boiling water, frying tea and drinking tea, which is called "twenty-four styles of tea set" by Feng. The theory of "five boiling and six drinks" describes the methods of frying and baking tea, and discusses in detail the procedures and rules of baking tea, grinding, lighting fire, selecting water, boiling water, frying tea and making tea. Feng's "tea ceremony" refers to the "way of drinking tea" advocated by Lu Yu's Tea Classic. The Book of Tea is not only the first book on tea science in the world, but also the first book on tea ceremony.
China's "Way of Drinking Tea" is recorded not only in the Tea Classics, but also in many tea books, such as Tea Records by Cai Xiang in the Song Dynasty, Daguan Tea Theory by Evonne in Song Huizong, Tea Spectrum by Zhu Quan in the Ming Dynasty, Tea Spectrum by Qian Chunnian, Tea Records by and Tea Book by Xu Cishu. Today, the "congou tea" in Chaoshan area of Guangdong Province and Wuyi area of Fujian Province is the inheritance and representative of the ancient "way of drinking tea" in China. The procedure and planning of congou tea are as follows: inviting guests to the table, burning incense to keep quiet, the weather is sunny, enjoying the guests with fine leaves, the rock spring is boiling at first, Mulin, an oolong enters the palace, hanging the pot high, touching the face with the spring breeze, washing the fairy face, taking a bath prematurely, tilting the jade pot at first, patrolling the city with Guan Gong, Han Xin commanding the three armies, enjoying the three colors, protecting the three Long Ding and enjoying the fragrance.
Second, the China Tea Ceremony: drinking tea for monasticism.
Lu Yu's best friend, Jiao Ran, a poet and monk, wrote in his poem "Drinking Tea Songs Makes Cui Shi Prince": "If you drink it, your feelings will be bright; Drink my god again, and suddenly it is like flying rain and sprinkling light dust; After three drinks, you will get the word. Why bother? ..... I am familiar with all the principles of tea ceremony, and only Dan Qiu can do it. " Jiao Ran believes that drinking tea can clear the mind, gain enlightenment and be true, and the immortal Dan Qiu Zi knows the method. The "tea ceremony" in Jiao Ran's poems is the earliest record of "tea ceremony".
Lu Tong, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, wrote a poem "Writing a Pen to Thank Meng for Persuading to Send New Tea". "Seven bowls of tea" has been passed down through the ages, and Lu Tong is as famous as Lu Yu. "A bowl of throat kiss embellish, two bowls of broken lonely stuffy. Three bowls of heartbroken, only five thousand words. Four bowls of clear sweat, life is not smooth, all scattered into the pores. Five bowls of bones and muscles are clear, and six bowls are immortal. I can't eat seven bowls. " I just feel a cool breeze blowing under my arm. "Qian Qi, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, wrote in the poem Tea Banquet with Zhao Ju:" I forgot to say anything about purple tea under the bamboo, and I won. "It's hard to appreciate the dust washing the heart, and the cicada makes a shadow oblique." Wen Tingyun, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, wrote a poem "Tea Songs for Taoist priests in Xiling", saying that "the fragrance is sparse and the teeth are white, and it is refreshing." According to these poems, drinking tea can make people "get rid of immortality", "get rid of ghosts" and "wash away dust" and become immortal, which is more useful than taking medicine in an alchemist.
At the end of the Tang Dynasty, Liu advocated that tea has "ten virtues", that is, "use tea to relieve depression, drive away sleep, nourish vitality, get rid of illness, benefit the heart, respect it, taste it, do it, and aspire to Kaya." Drinking tea makes people respectful, polite, kind, elegant and feasible.
Evonne's "Daguan Tea Theory" says that tea is "clear and harmonious", "diluted and leisurely and pure, with high and quiet rhyme", and "people in the world are inspirational and naive, but they are really idle." Zhu Quan's "Tea Spectrum" notes: "Learn the method of making tea, use rice and tea, change the new to the new, and become a family of its own. ..... is to talk about bullying with guests, explore metaphysics, understand nature, and be pure. " Evonne and Zhu Quan, emperors and kings, wrote tea books and practiced tea ceremony.
From the above, it can be seen that drinking tea can be respectful and polite, benevolent and refined, lead to harmony, wash away dust, gain truth, explore emptiness and participate in nature. In a word, drinking tea can cultivate monasteries, and China Tea Ceremony means "drinking tea to cultivate monasteries".
Third, China Tea Ceremony: Drinking tea is the way.
Laozi thought: "Taoism is natural". Zhuangzi believes that "Tao" is generally internalized in all things, "omnipresent" and "omnipresent in things". Zen master Mazu Yi Dao advocated "a normal mind is the Tao", disciple Pang Yun said "using magical powers to transport water and firewood skillfully", while another disciple, Zen master Dazhu Huihai, thought that the practice of Buddhism was "to eat when hungry and sleep when sleepy". Zen master Yi Xuan, the third disciple of Yi Dao and founder of Lin Ji, added: "Buddhism is useless, but it is nothing." You have to pee with shit, eat with clothes on, and sleep when you are sleepy. Tao is inseparable from daily life: you don't need to use kung fu to do ordinary things in daily life, just do it unintentionally and let nature take its course. Live naturally, do things naturally, carry water and firewood, wear clothes to eat, wash and boil water, make tea and drink tea, and be untidy.
Wu Deng Hui Yuan is the third generation of South Vietnam. Nanquan is willing to be the heir of the Zen master, and Zhaozhou takes orders from the Zen master. "The teacher asked the new students,' Have you been here?' Said, "I've been there." The teacher said, "Have tea." Asked the monk again, the monk said,' I didn't arrive. The teacher said,' Have tea. The owner of the backyard asked, "Why do you go to Ye Yun for tea, but never go to Ye Yun for tea?" The teacher called the master of the hospital, and the master agreed. The teacher said,' Let's have tea. "Chen Cong is a disciple of Nanquan Park Yuan and a disciple of Mazu Yi Dao. Although Pu Yuan and Chen Cong did not establish the patriarchal school, they had a great influence in Zen. Tea Zen blindly, the Tao lies in the daily life of eating tea, the Tao does not need to be repaired, and eating tea is to be repaired. "Go for Tea" was widely circulated by later Zen Buddhism as a "machine front" and "case-solving". Mr. Zhao Puchu, a contemporary Buddhist master, said in a poem: "It is better to hold 100,000 poems without tea."
"Five Lights Will Meet the Yuan Dynasty", the fourth generation of Nanyue, a Buddhist monk in Weishan and a Buddhist monk in Yangshan Huiji, "... asked again:' Do monks still keep precepts?' The teacher said,' Don't keep the precepts. Say,' Are you still meditating?' The teacher said, "No meditation." It has been a long time. The teacher said,' Will it?' Said,' No,' the teacher said,' I heard an old monk say,' I don't keep precepts, I don't meditate, and I drink three or two bowls of tea to scratch my head. Hui Ji of Yiyang Mountain is a disciple of the inheritance method of Weishan Lingbi, and the two of them jointly founded Huiyang School of the Five Schools of Zen. Hui Ji believes that there is no need to keep precepts, no need for meditation, just drinking tea.
Taoism is nature, and cultivation is drinking tea. Simple way, boiling water and frying tea, is nothing more than Tao. Drinking tea is the Tao, which is the result of cultivation, the wisdom after enlightenment, the highest realm of life and the ultimate pursuit of China tea ceremony. Let nature take its course, do it unintentionally, drink if you want, and do it if you want. Don't stick to the procedures, rituals and rules of tea drinking, but be simple and innocent in natural tea drinking.
Fourth, China Tea Ceremony: the combination of art, cultivation and Taoism.
The way of drinking tea is the art of drinking tea, which is a comprehensive art. It combines with poetry, calligraphy and painting, architecture and natural environment, and raises drinking tea from daily material life to spiritual and cultural level. Tea drinking practice is to put practice into the art form of tea drinking, focusing on self-cultivation and understanding Taoism; Drinking tea is the highest pursuit and realm of China Tea Ceremony, and boiling water to make tea is nothing more than a wonderful way.
In China tea ceremony, the way of drinking tea is the foundation, the purpose of raising tea is the goal, and the way of drinking tea is the foundation. The way of drinking tea focuses on aesthetic artistry; Tea drinking and monasticism pay attention to moral practice; Drinking tea is the way, focusing on religious philosophy.
China Tea Ceremony integrates religion, philosophy, aesthetics, morality and art, and it is a combination of art, practice and Taoism. In the tea ceremony, the art form of tea drinking is set for the purpose of cultivation, and the art of tea drinking and cultivation are combined into one, without knowing that art is Tao and Tao is art.
China Tea Ceremony is not only the art of drinking tea, but also the art of life.
Answer-Is it a traditional culture of China?
Tea art has developed into one of the three non-alcoholic drinks that are popular all over the world, and his hobby of drinking tea is all over the world. In Britain, tea is considered as a beauty drink. After it spread from the court to the people, it formed the fashion custom of drinking morning tea and afternoon tea. The learned priest Brady called tea "the liquid of health, the drink of the soul". In the eyes of the French, tea is "the gentlest, most romantic and most poetic drink." In Japan, tea is not only regarded as a "good medicine for all diseases", but also a "drink in the atomic age". In the long-term practice of drinking tea in Japan, tea has been divorced from the needs of daily material life and developed into an elegant culture and art-tea ceremony.
Shi Jiaoran, who forgot his friendship with Lu Yu, wrote in the article "Drinking Tea Songs Makes Cui Shi King": "Drinking it makes you feel bright and clear. Drink my god again, and suddenly it will rain like light dust. After three drinks, you will get the word. Why ... who knows that the tea ceremony is true, only Dan Qiu has it. " The word tea ceremony is mentioned twice in a poem. Since then, Cheng Feng, an imperial envoy of the Tang Dynasty, wrote in the chapter "Drinking Tea" in Ji Jian, Feng Shiwen: "Everything that is common is decorated with Hung-chien's theory, so the tea ceremony is popular." It is the Book of Tea that establishes the expression form and philosophical spirit of tea ceremony. Jiao Ran's interpretation and sealing gave the name "Tea Ceremony".
Tea ceremony is the core of China's extensive and profound tea culture. This is clearly reflected in Lu Yu's Tea Classic in the Tang Dynasty.
The Book of Tea has ten chapters. Except for four chapters, such as the origin of tea characteristics, tea-making tools, tea-making methods and distribution of producing areas, the other six chapters are all or mainly about the technology, essentials and norms of tea-making. The "four utensils" describe in detail 24 kinds of utensils needed for tea ceremony, including specifications, texture, structure, modeling, ornamentation, uses and usage methods; "Five Cooking" talks about the essentials of baking tea, selecting fuel, identifying water quality, how to master the heat and the necessary skills of cultivating tea; "Six Drinks" stipulates nine problems that should be paid attention to when drinking tea, and also puts forward how to drink tea for three people, five people and seven people respectively when serving no more than three cups of expensive tea at a time. "Seven Things" exemplifies tea-drinking allusions and anecdotes of celebrities in history; "Nine Views" tells about which instruments can be omitted when performing tea ceremony in different places such as wild turquoise, clear springs and running water, and caves when climbing mountains. The "Ten Maps" requires that the tea activities recorded in the Tea Classic be drawn into a map and hung in a corner of the tea mat so that participants can understand it on the spot. Regarding the ideological connotation of the tea ceremony, the Tea Classic wrote: "Tea is used for its extremely cold taste and is suitable for drinking."
In China, tea is called "national drink". Tea is the carrier of traditional culture and art in China. Tea is regarded as the enjoyment of life, a healthy medicine, a refreshing drink, a bond of friendship and a symbol of civilization.