The basis of brain operation is nerve impulse, which mainly involves: 1) the directional movement of charged particles such as sodium ions and potassium ions inside and outside nerve fibers (forming weak current); 2) The configuration changes of many protein macromolecules that constitute ion channels and ion pumps on nerve fiber cell membranes enable the channel switches and pumps to be started and stopped, thus promoting the directional movement of charged particles; 3) The release and recognition of neurotransmitters (various organic molecules) between the protrusions on the nerve fiber endings (completed by special structures composed of other protein molecules, these activities will affect the state of ion channels and ion pumps) ... all these numerous ions (of course, this is accompanied by the movement of electrons), protein molecules, etc. Together, many nerve impulses are formed, which come and go between dense nerve fibers and are formed.

There are chemical processes as well as physical processes (especially electricity).

There are many kinds of memories, such as long-term memory and short-term memory, and different memories have different storage methods. Some memories correspond to the specific ways in which nerve fibers in specific brain regions are connected with each other (that is, one connection mode corresponds to one memory), and some memories correspond to a special configuration of protein macromolecules (one configuration corresponds to one memory). This protein molecule can be called "memory particle". Of course, many things about memory are still unknown, and most of them are in the guessing stage, which is far from the actual confirmation.