I. Original text
Five people died when Mr. Zhou Liao was arrested. As for today, the wise scholars in counties and counties should be in power, that is, except for the ruins of Wei Yan's abandoned temples to be buried; And put a stone in front of his grave to show what he did. Ah, what a great thing!
The death of these five people is only ten months from the time when the tomb is built to the time when it is buried. On the first day of October, there are countless rich sons, generous winners, sick and dead, and those who have no way; Unknown people in the wild? But these five people are all glorious. Why?
I remember that Duke Zhou was arrested on March 5, 2000. The moral conduct of our society can be used as a model for readers, to uphold justice for him, to raise money to send him away, and to shout for heaven and earth. The attendants came forward to hold the hilt and asked, "Who is sad?" ? "You can't stand it anymore. Knock them down. At that time, the man who touched Wu by Dazhong Cheng was Wei's private hair, and it was he who arrested the generals. Wu Zhimin was heartbroken, so he used his harsh voice, then made noise and chased each other.
Dazhong's assistant was able to escape in the toilet. Then, he asked the court to punish five people, namely Yan, Yang Nianru, Ma Jie, yang shen and He, who are now in the grave. However, when five people were executing, they shouted Cheng's name with a generous expression and died laughing. His head was cut on the wall, and his face didn't change at all.
A famous man took five hundred taels of silver, bought the heads of five people, put them in a wooden box, and finally joined them. So now there are five people in the tomb. Ha ha! When Wei Zhongxian rebelled, officials and people could not change their own records. How many people could there be in China? But these five lives are among the people, and they have never been educated in books, but they can be inspired by the great righteousness and have no hesitation. What is the truth?
Moreover, the imperial edict has been issued, and the arrest of the hook party has spread all over the world. The pawn has been angered by our county and dare not be punished again; Great castration is also afraid of righteousness, so it is difficult to make an unusual plan suddenly. It is not the power of five people to wait for the sage to come out and give way. From the it point of view, today's high position is obvious. Once you make amends, or escape, you can't tolerate it.
There are also people who cut their hair and Dumen, who pretend that they don't know what they are doing, but also insult people and do what they do, and they are as dead as death. Therefore, the loyalty and loyalty of the duke of Zhou attacked the court, giving praise to beauty and showing the glory behind him; These five people can also put their soil marks on the levee and write their names. People from all four directions have had the experience of worshipping and crying, which is also a good experience.
Otherwise, if five people are allowed to protect their leader and make him older than Hu, they will do their best to make him a hero, mourn his grave and express his sorrow. Therefore, the gentleman in the same society, the person who mourns the tomb, has its own stone, which is remembered by it, and it is also a matter of life and death. The existence of ordinary people is more important than the country. Several famous scholar-officials include Mr. Qing Wuyin, Mr. Tai Shi Wenbiao and Mr. Long.
Second, translation.
When Mr. Zhou was arrested, five people died of indignation. Now, the prestigious scholar-officials in the county have asked the relevant authorities to clean up the abandoned site of Wei Zhongxian Shengci and bury it; And set up a stone tablet in front of the tomb to commend their deeds.
Ah, what a grand occasion! The death of these five people was only eleven months after the mausoleum was built and buried. In these eleven months, there are too many rich children, too many bold and unrestrained, too many ambitious people, who died of illness and were buried after death. After death, people who are not worthy of praise are buried. Only these five people are famous. Why?
I still remember that on March 15th, Ding Maonian, Duke Zhou was arrested. Those people in our society whose moral character can be used as a model for scholars uphold justice for him, raise money to send him away, and cry bitterly. "The officer stepped forward and pressed the hilt," asked. "Who are you sad for?" Everyone can't stand it anymore. Knock them down
At that time, it was Wei Zhongxian's henchmen who took the title of Dazhong Cheng as the governor of Tianfu, and he led the arrest of Duke Zhou. People in Suzhou hate him, so they all shout and chase him. This Dazhong escaped by hiding in the toilet.
Soon, he asked the court for instructions on charges of Suzhou people's riots, investigated the matter, and killed Yan, Yang Nianru, Ma Jie, yang shen and five people, who are now buried in the tomb. However, when the five men were dying, they were generous, shouted Zhong Cheng's name and scolded him, and died with a smile.
The cut head was placed on the head of the city, and his face did not change at all. A famous man took out fifty taels of silver, bought the heads of five people, put them in wooden boxes, and finally joined them with the bodies. So now there are five people in the tomb. Alas! Wei Zhongxian insurrection, China so big, don't change your will, how many people can be an official?
However, these five people were born in the folk, and they were not taught by poetry and books, but they were inspired by the righteousness and set foot on the road of death and never looked back. What is the reason? At that time, the imperial edicts in disguised form came out one after another, and people who pursued their comrades were all over the world. Finally, because of the angry resistance of Suzhou people, the eunuch dared not punish again.
Wei Zhongxian is hesitant and afraid of justice, so it is difficult to immediately launch a plot to usurp the throne. Until today's emperor ascended the throne, (Wei Zhongxian was afraid of sin) hanged himself on the road, all thanks to these five people. From this point of view, now these high-ranking officials and dignitaries, once punished for their crimes, can escape, and there is no place to live near or far.
There are also people who have their hair cut and disfigured, who stay at home, or who pretend to be crazy and don't know where to escape. What is the difference between their shameful personality and despicable behavior and the deaths of these five people? Therefore, Mr. Zhou's loyalty was demonstrated in the court, and what posthumous title gave him was beautiful and glorious, and he also enjoyed glory after his death.
Moreover, these five people can also build a big grave and set up an inscription on the levee. All people with lofty ideals from all directions passed by here without bowing or shedding tears. This is a once-in-a-generation opportunity. If this is not the case, if these five people are allowed to keep their heads, they will live at home and enjoy their old age.
Everyone can use them like slaves. How can we make heroes bow to their knees, lament on graves and express the grief of people with lofty ideals? Therefore, gentlemen in our society, gentlemen in our society and I regret that there is a stone tablet in front of this tomb, so we set up this inscription for it, which also shows the great significance of life and death.
Even an ordinary citizen plays an important role in this country. Several prestigious scholar-officials are: Mr. Wu Yinzhi, Mr. Wu Yinzhi, Mr. Wen Qi, Mr. Yao Mengchang.
Third, the source of the author
Inscriptions of Five Tombs in Zhang Pu in Ming Dynasty
Extended information 1. Creation background
The tomb of five people is the tomb of five righteous men, such as Yan, Yang Nianru, yang shen and Ma Jie, who died in Suzhou people's anti-violence struggle in Ming Dynasty. In the sixth year of tomorrow (1626), Wei Zhongxian's trusted governor Mao colluded with weaving eunuchs, brutally exploited Suzhou people, and falsely accused Zhou Shunchang and other party member, known as the "Seven Gentlemen".
When Wei Zhongxian sent Tippy Ryder to Suzhou to arrest Zhou Shunchang, the people of Suzhou were outraged. At one time, they gathered more than 10,000 people, crowded into the official office and beat Tippy Ryder up, protesting against the tax increase and set off a massive anti-violence struggle. After Wei Zhongxian framed Suzhou people for rebellion and sent troops to suppress it, Yan and other five people stepped forward to surrender in order to protect the masses. At the time of execution, people with five meanings smiled at each other.
Lambasted Wei Zhongxian, led the neck to the blade, and generously went to righteousness. The following year (1627), Emperor Zhu Youjian of Chongzhen succeeded to the throne and arrested Yan Dang, making it a negative case. Wei Zhongxian committed suicide. Suzhou people demolished the "Puhui Shrine" built by Mao for Wei Yan, buried the backbone of the Five Righteousness and abandoned the foundation, and erected a monument to the "Five-Man Tomb".
Zhang Pu, the leader of the Fu Society, was impressed by the heroic spirit of the Five Powers. They turned their backs and died. He wrote Tombstone of the Five Rightists, praising the integrity of the Five Rightists and becoming an immortal masterpiece.
Second, the appreciation of works
Narrative, discussion and lyricism are successfully used. Ancient tombstones belong to a miscellaneous body, and narrative, discussion and lyric are often integrated. Successfully used the method of layer-by-layer comparison, and portrayed the characteristics of the characters more prominently and vividly.
The Monument to the Tomb of the Five describes the heroic struggle of party member in Lindong and Suzhou people against Wei Zhongxian and others in the late Ming Dynasty, eulogizes the heroic spirit of the five of them, and reveals the theme that "the life of a man is greater than the life of a country".
Three. Brief introduction of the author
Zhang Pu (1602 ~ 164 1 year), a native of Taicang, Suzhou, South Zhili, was a writer in the late Ming Dynasty.
Jishi Shu was chosen as a scholar in Chongzhen for four years and studied hard since childhood. In the history of the Ming Dynasty, there was a story of his "seven records and seven burns", which was as famous as his fellow villagers and was collectively called "Lou Zhang". Zhang Qian once got together with celebrities in the county to comment on current politics, which is the continuation of the struggle between Lindong Party and Yan Party. In literature, he praised the theory of the first seven scholars, advocated retro, and called for "being useful".
He wrote a lot in his life, compiling more than 3 thousand volumes, involving many disciplines such as literature, history and classics. He is proficient in poetry, especially prose and time theory. Representative works include Qi Lu Zhai Ji and Five Epitaphs.
In literature, Zhang Pu respected the theory of the former seven scholars, advocated retro, opposed the escapism of the police and Jingling School, and only wrote about lakes and mountains, read trivial things or pursued the so-called "deep loneliness" style. However, while advocating the study of retro, he also called for "taking it useful", which is different from the pursuit of form and imitation of the ancients by the former seven sons.
Zhang Pu's prose was famous at that time, with simple style, impassioned, vivid and straightforward. His Five Tombs eulogized the struggle between Suzhou citizens and eunuchs, emphasizing that "civilians are more important than the country", which is beyond the reach of "gentry". Narration and discussion alternate, and five people are open-minded and open-minded, which is a famous article. The inscriptions on the tombs of five people were brought into the field of vision of China ancient literature.
Zhang Pu's life works are rich, with more than 3,000 volumes compiled and narrated, seven Zhai Ji, including 12 volumes and 3 volumes of poetry. This episode is the time book of Chongzhen in Ming Dynasty. There are collections of Han, Wei and Six Dynasties 130 pieces. Zhang Pu wrote an inscription before each episode. This episode is a large-scale collection edited by Zhang Pu for "Reviving the Past".