During the Spring and Autumn Period, Guo Zhong said that jade has "nine virtues" (that is, it is endowed with the virtue of a gentleman): it is warm and shiny, and it is benevolent; Rational neighbors are wise; Strong but not wrinkled, righteous; Cheap but not embarrassing, ok; Fresh but not dirty, clean; Brave and unyielding; All defects are suitable, and the essence is also; Hiding the luster of China can be beautiful and inclusive; Knock it, its sound is clear and far away, and it is also a statement to be clear without killing. It is people-oriented, hidden as treasure, divided into Fu Rui, showing nine virtues.
The surface of jade is moist, smooth and shiny, which represents good quality; Many lines represent the quality of wide knowledge; Hard but not wrinkled is the quality of healthy qi; Being sharp without cutting others is strict with one's own quality; Bright colors don't look dirty, which is a pure quality; Jade will not deform no matter how it bends, which is a brave quality; The scars on the surface of jade can be clearly seen, and there is no chance to hide them. This is the quality of distinguishing and refining; Different parts of the same piece of jade are shiny and have different colors, which can be bright and clean without affecting each other. This is the quality of tolerance; Knock on jade, and the sound will sound crisp and clean. It can spread far and keep pure timbre, which is the beautiful quality of language. It is precisely because jade has these qualities that people regard it as a treasure, cut it from ordinary stones and see its nine qualities. Once hired, it was named Jade and regarded as a symbol of good luck.
It is said that jade has "five virtues": the beauty of jade has five virtues. Warm and loving; Reason can be known from the outside, and righteousness is also; The voice of Shuyang aims at listening far and being wise; Fearless and unyielding, the brave side is also; Sharp is not expensive, but it is not embarrassing, and so is the clean side.
Jade is a beautiful stone with five noble virtues. Moisten things quietly, which is the performance of benevolence; You can know the inside by looking at the texture outside, which is the performance of righteousness; Tapping it slowly and melodiously can spread far away, which is a sign of wisdom; Not bending, not easy to damage, this is a brave performance; A smooth port will not hurt people, which is the embodiment of noble character.
Confucius said that jade has "ten virtues": a gentleman is more virtuous than jade, gentle and kind; Cheap but not embarrassing, righteous; Hanging like a pendant, courtesy also; The sound of knocking is crisp, so that it will last for a long time and make you feel happy; Defects do not cover up Yu, Yu does not cover up defects, loyalty is also; Fu Yin Pang Da, letter also; Gas is like Bai Hong, and the sky is also; The spirit runs through mountains and rivers, and the land is also; Zhang Gui TEDA, Deye; The world is not expensive, and the road is also.
In the past, a gentleman used virtue as a metaphor for jade, which was warm and shiny and benevolent; The density and firmness of jade are wisdom; It is righteous to emphasize the jade without hurting people; The heaviness of jade is a gift. Jade's percussion music, the longer the sound, comes to an abrupt end, that is, music; Jade's flaws don't cover up Yu, and Yu doesn't cover up its flaws. This is loyalty; Jade color is overflowing, it is a letter; The temperament of jade, such as Bai Hong, is heaven; The spirit of jade is embodied in mountains and rivers, that is, the earth; Jade Zhang Gui is used for etiquette, which is virtue; Nothing in the world is worthless, but Tao.