Sports shad belong to CYPRINIDAE, CYPRINIDAE and HYMENOPTERA. Commonly known as: silver carp, chubby fish, herring, yellow croaker, pine fish, silver carp and bighead carp. English name: Bighead, Bighead crap
Bighead carp has a flat side and a very large head. The mouth is big, the end position, and the chin is slightly inclined upward. The gill harrow is thin and page-shaped, but it is not United. There is a spiral suprabranchial organ in the upper part of oropharyngeal cavity, which is unnecessary because of its small eyes and low position. The swallowing teeth are spoon-shaped and smooth. The scales are small, and there are only pelvic fins on the ventral surface, and even an anus with a cortical ventral margin. The pectoral fin is very long, and the end far exceeds the base of the pelvic fin. The upper body is gray-black, the abdomen is gray, and there are many irregular spots of light yellow and black on both sides. Pomfret likes to live in the upper layer of still water, moves slowly and doesn't like jumping. Take zooplankton as the staple food and eat some algae. The sexually mature age is 4-5 years old, and the parent fish breeds in the bubbling rapids from May to July when the river temperature is 20-27℃. Young fish are generally fattened in lakes and water bodies attached to the river, breed in the middle of the river when they are sexually mature, and then fatten in places where lakes are rich in food. In winter, it mainly inhabits riverbeds and deep sinkholes, and overwinters in eastern Asia. There are all major water systems in China, but the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River basin grow rapidly, with the third-instar fish reaching 4-5 kg and the largest individual reaching 40 kg, with high natural yield. Fewer diseases, easy to raise, one of the "four big fish" in freshwater culture in China, is an important economic fish in China. & ltBR & gt& ltBR & gt The nutritional components of bighead carp muscle are: per100g edible part, 73.2-83.3g moisture, 0.4.8-18.5g protein, 0.9-7.8g fat and 0.9-7.8g ash/kloc. 0.6- 1. 1 mg of iron, 0.02 mg of thiamine, 0.5 mg of riboflavin and 2.7 mg of nicotinic acid. Moreover, with the growth and development of fish, the water content gradually decreased, while the protein and fat content gradually increased. The difference of fat content between bighead carp and silver carp is mainly caused by different foods. Both silver carp and bighead carp feed on plankton, but silver carp mainly feeds on phytoplankton and bighead carp mainly feeds on zooplankton. There are a lot of carbohydrates in phytoplankton, which is the main carbon source for fish to synthesize fat, so their muscle fat content is different from that of protein. The fat content of silver carp is higher than that of bighead carp, and the protein content of bighead carp is generally higher than that of silver carp. The muscle fat of bighead carp contains 15 kinds of fatty acids, including 8 kinds of saturated acids, 3 kinds of monoenoic acids, 2 kinds of dienoic acids 1 species, 2 kinds of trienoic acids, and 4 kinds of tetraenoic acids 1 species. The carbon chain length is between 13-20. The percentage content of saturated fatty acids in fish is lower than that of unsaturated fatty acids, while the content of saturated fatty acids increases with the growth of fish, and the content of unsaturated fatty acids decreases with the growth of fish. The essence of bighead carp lies in its head. Nie Weiping, known as a "super-first-class player" in Japanese chess, likes to eat fish heads, and can eat five or six at a time. This is not only because it tastes delicious, but also because he thinks fish heads can nourish the brain. Pomfret meat is sweet and warm, and has the effect of warming stomach and benefiting bones and muscles. Using fish head as medicine can treat female rheumatic headache and dizziness. Its bile tastes bitter, cold and toxic, and it has a short-term antihypertensive effect when injected intravenously. If the dosage is increased, the effect will last. Due to the toxicity of bighead carp bile, the effective antihypertensive dose is very close to the toxic dose, so it needs to be used with caution in clinic. Fish gall can also be poisoned if swallowed, and its symptoms are the same as those of grass carp gall and carp gall. At present, there is no specific therapy, which should be paid attention to; If it is not necessary, it is not advisable to take fish gall indiscriminately to avoid poisoning.