Shun was appointed from the field and promoted from the work of building walls, glue was promoted from the work of selling fish and salt, Guan Yiwu was promoted from prison officials, Sun Shuaio was promoted from the seaside to the court, and Priscilla was promoted from the market.
Therefore, God will place a great responsibility on such a person. First of all, we should make him feel heartache, make him tired, starve him, make him thin, make him poor, and turn things upside down, which is always unsatisfactory. Through these, he will be alert to his heart, strengthen his character and increase his talents that he does not have.
People often make mistakes before they can correct them; Inner difficulties, blocked thinking, and then you can make a difference; All this is shown on the face, expressed in words, and then understood. If a country does not have ministers who abide by the statutes and sages who assist the monarch, and if there is no invasion by hostile countries and foreign enemies abroad, it will often lead to extinction.
This shows that sadness can make people alive, and ease and pleasure can make people haggard and die.
To teach others is to teach yourself.
Even if there is delicious fish, you don't know its delicacy unless you eat it. Even if there is the best truth, you don't know its benefits if you don't learn it. Therefore, I didn't know I had enough space until I learned it, and I didn't know I was confused until I taught it. Know that you have enough space, and then you can ask yourself in turn; Know that you are confused, then you can work hard. Therefore, teaching and learning are mutually reinforcing.
Cao Gui on Military Tactics
In the spring of the tenth year of Duke Zhuang of Lu, the Qi army attacked our country of Lu, and Duke Zhuang of Lu was about to meet the enemy. Cao Gui invited Zhuang Gong to see him. His fellow villager said, "all the big officials have to plan this. Why do you participate?" Cao Gui said: "The big officials are short-sighted, so they can't be far-sighted." So they went to the court to see Lord Zhuang. Cao Gui asked Duke Zhuang, "Why are you fighting with Qi?" Zhuang Gong said: "Food and clothing are the things that make people's lives stable. I dare not possess them alone, but I must give them to others. " Cao Gui said: "This kind of small kindness can't spread to the people, and the people won't listen to you." Zhuang Gong said: "I never dare to falsely report the number of cattle, sheep, jade and silk used for sacrifice. I must be honest and credible." Cao Gui said, "This sincerity is hard to convince, and neither will God. Although everything can't be clarified, it must be handled reasonably. " Cao Gui said: "This is our duty (to the people), and we can go to war on this basis. Please allow me to go with you when fighting. "
Duke Zhuang of Lu and Cao Gui are in the same car. They fought the Qi army in the ladle. Zhuang Gongzheng wants to beat the drums and move forward. Cao Gui said, "Not now." After the Qi army beat the drums three times, Cao Gui said, "You can beat the drums and move forward." The Qi army was defeated. Zhuang Zhengyi wanted to order the pursuit and said, "Not yet." (Say that) Get off and go.
After winning the battle, Duke Zhuang of Lu asked him why he won. Lu Xu replied, "Fighting depends on courage. Soldiers' courage can be boosted by the first drum, weakened by the second drum and disappeared by the third drum. The enemy's courage has disappeared, but our courage is developing vigorously, so we defeated them. It is difficult for a big country to find out (its situation) for fear of an ambush.
Zou Ji satirized the translation of Shang Shu by the King of Qi.
Zou Ji is more than eight feet tall and has a beautiful figure. One morning, he put on his clothes and hat and said to his wife in the mirror, "Xu Gong in the north of the city, who is more beautiful?" His wife said, "You are very beautiful. Xu Gong can't compare with you! " It turns out that Duke Xu in the north of the city is a handsome man of Qi. Zou Ji didn't trust him, so he asked his concubine, "Who is more beautiful, Xu Gong or me?" My concubine said, "Xu Gong can't compare with you!" The next day, a guest came from outside. Zou Ji sat chatting with him and asked him, "Who is more beautiful, Xu Gong or me?" The guest said, "Xu Gong is not as beautiful as you." Another day passed, and Xu Gong came. Zou Ji looked at it carefully and didn't think it was as beautiful as him. Looking at yourself in the mirror again, I feel too far away. Lying in bed at night thinking repeatedly, I finally understand: "My wife praises me because she likes me better;" I praise me because I am afraid of me; The guest praised me because he wanted to ask me for something. "
So Zou Ji went to the imperial court to see Wang Wei and said, "I do know that I am not as beautiful as Xu Gong. However, my wife is partial to me, my concubine is afraid of me, and my guests want to ask me something. They all say that I am more beautiful than Xugong. At present, there are 120 cities in the territory of Qi, and there are no queens, princesses, left and right people who are not partial to the King of Qi. The court is full of courtiers who are not afraid of the king, and there are people all over the country.
Wei Wangdao: "Good!" So I gave an order: "officials at all levels and ordinary people who can accuse me of mistakes face to face will win the first prize;" Give me advice in writing, and get the second prize; Being able to comment (my fault) in public will give me the third prize. "As soon as the order came out, many ministers came to advise, and the official gate and the official courtyard were like a busy city; A few months later, occasionally someone advised; A year later, even if someone wants to persuade, there is nothing to say.
Yan, Zhao, Han, Wei and others heard about it and all came to Qi to pay homage. This is what people say: "They conquered other countries in North Korea."
Even if there is delicious fish, you don't know its delicacy unless you eat it. Even if there is the best truth, you don't know its benefits if you don't learn it. Therefore, I didn't know I had enough space until I learned it, and I didn't know I was confused until I taught it. Know that you have enough space, and then you can ask yourself in turn; Know that you are confused, then you can work hard. Therefore, teaching and learning are mutually reinforcing.
Xiliuying
In the sixth year of Emperor Wen of Han Dynasty, Xiongnu invaded the border of Han Dynasty on a large scale. Therefore, the court appointed Liu Li, an official of Zong Zheng, as a general and stationed troops on the tyrant; I wish Hou Xu to be a general and be stationed at Thorn Gate. Zhou Yafu, the prefect of Hanoi County, was appointed as a general and stationed in Liu Xi to prevent the invasion of Xiongnu. The emperor went to comfort the army himself. When they arrived at the barracks of Bashang and Ximen, they drove in, and the general and his men rode their horses to see them off. Then I came to Liuxi Army Camp. The officers and men were wearing armor, holding sharp weapons, bending bows and arrows, bending bows and pulling the full moon, and they were heavily guarded. The emperor's vanguard guards arrived at the camp and were not allowed to enter. The first guard said, "The emperor is here." The general guarding the barracks replied: "The general has an order:' The army only listens to the general's orders, not to the son of heaven. ""Not long after, the emperor arrived and was not allowed to enter the barracks. So the emperor sent messengers to take Jeff to tell the general, "I want to go to the camp to comfort the army." Zhou Yafu was ordered to open the door of the barracks. The officers and men guarding the camp gate said to the military attache who followed the emperor, "The general stipulates that cars are not allowed to run in the barracks." So the emperor's motorcade had to pull the reins and move slowly. Before arriving at the camp, General Zhou Yafu held a weapon and saluted with fists in both hands, saying, "I am a soldier in armor, so I can't bow down. Please allow me to salute. " The emperor was moved by this, and his face changed. He leaned over the crossbar and sent someone to pay tribute, saying, "The emperor respectfully comforted the general." Etiquette after resigning from the military. Many ministers were deeply surprised when they walked out of the gate of Liu Xi's military camp. Wendi sighed and said, "Ah! This is the real general. In the past, the barracks on the dam and the iron gate were just a joke. The Huns could have captured the generals there by surprise. As for Zhou Yafu, is it possible for them to invade him? " I marveled at Zhou Yafu for a long time.
Sun Quan advised Lv Meng to study.
At the beginning, Sun Quan said to Lv Meng, "You are now in power to manage politics. You cannot stop studying! " Lv Meng evaded military affairs for various reasons. Sun Quan said, "Do I want you to study Confucian classics and become a scholar who teaches Confucian classics? All you have to do is have a general look and get to know the history. You said there were many things in the army. Who can compare with me? I often read books, (I) think (reading is good for me). " Lv Meng then began to study. Lu Su went to see Yang to discuss state affairs. (Lu Su) said in surprise: "Your talent and strategy now are no longer Amon of Wuxian!" Lv Meng said: "After being separated from ambitious people for a period of time, we should look at it from a new angle. How can eldest brother admit things so late? " Therefore, Lu Su met Monroe's mother before leaving, and became friends with Monroe.
Zulu northern expedition
Zu Ti, a native of Fanyang, had great ambitions when he was young. I used to be the main book of Sizhou with Liu Kun, slept with Liu Kun, and heard a cock crow in the middle of the night. He kicked Liu Kun and said, "This is not a disgusting sound." Stand up and dance the sword.
After crossing the river, Si Marui, the left prime minister, asked him to be a military adviser to offer a drink offering. Zu Ti lived in Jingkou, summoned brave men, and said to Si Marui, "The rebellion in the Jin Dynasty was not because the monarch had no choice, but because the imperial clan fought for power and profit and killed each other, which made Rongdi's people take advantage of the loopholes and spread the disaster throughout the Central Plains. Now the adherents of the Jin Dynasty have been devastated and weakened, and everyone is thinking about self-improvement. Your Majesty, you can really send a general to lead an army to recover the Central Plains. Of course, heroes in the world will have people who respond to the news! "
Si Marui never had the ambition of the Northern Expedition. After listening to Zu Ti's words, he appointed Zu Ti as General Wei Fen and the secretariat of Yuzhou, and only gave him 1000 people rations and 3,000 pieces of cloth, without supplying weapons, so that Zu Ti could find a way to raise them himself. Zu Ti led more than 100 private troops across the Yangtze River and paddled on the river, saying, "If Zu Ti can't make the Central Plains clear and recover successfully, it will be like a great river!" So he stationed in Huaiyin, built furnaces and cast weapons, and recruited more than 2,000 people to move on.
the Peach Garden
In the first year of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, there was a man in Wuling County who made a living by fishing. One day, he rowed along the stream and forgot the distance of the road. Suddenly, I found a peach blossom forest, which grows hundreds of steps on both sides of the strait. There are no other trees, flowers and plants are fresh and beautiful, and flowers are falling. The fisherman was surprised. Keep walking, want to go to the end of the forest.
At the end of the forest is the source of the stream, so there is a hill with a small hole, which seems to be faintly lit. So the fisherman left the boat and got in through the hole. At first, it was very narrow and only one person was allowed to pass. After dozens of steps, it suddenly became open and bright. The land here is flat and wide, the houses are neat, and there are fertile fields, beautiful ponds, mulberry trees and bamboo. The paths in the field are intertwined, and the crows of chickens and dogs are heard. There people come and go to farm and work, and men and women dress like the world outside the Peach Blossom Garden. Old people and children are very at ease and happy.
People in the Peach Blossom Garden were surprised to see the fisherman and asked him where he came from. The fisherman answered his questions in detail, and he was invited to his house to entertain him with wine and chicken. When people in the village heard that there was such a person, they all came to inquire about the news. They themselves said that their ancestors led their wives, children and neighbors to this isolated place in order to avoid the war in the Qin Dynasty, so they stopped going out, so they cut off contact with outsiders.
People in Taohuayuan asked what dynasty it was, but they didn't know there was a Han Dynasty, let alone Wei and Jin Dynasties. The fisherman told them what he had heard in detail, and everyone in the village sighed. The rest invited the fisherman to their home, and they all served him wine and food. After a few days, the fisherman took leave and left. The people here said to the fisherman, "The situation here is not worth telling people outside!" " "
After the fisherman left the Peach Blossom Garden, he found his boat and went back along the old road, marking everywhere. When I arrived in the county, I met the magistrate and told my own experience. The satrap immediately sent someone to follow him, looking for the mark he had made before, but he got lost and couldn't find the way to the Peach Blossom Garden.
Liu Ziji, a noble hermit from Nanyang, heard about it and happily planned to go. Didn't come true, and soon died of illness. Since then, no one has been to the Peach Blossom Garden.
Public loss
The public transport bureau built a ladder for Chu, and when it was built, it was used to attack the Song Dynasty. Hearing this, Mozi got up from Qi, walked for ten days and ten nights, and went to Ying, the capital of Chu, to see the loser.
The loser said, "What will you tell me?" Mozi said, "There is a bully in the north, and he is willing to kill him with your help." Public loss is not happy. Mozi said, "I am willing to give you ten gold coins." The loser said, "I am just and will never kill anyone."
Mozi stood up and bowed to the loser again and said, "Please tell me something about this. I heard in the north that you built a ladder and will use it to attack the state of Song. What was the crime of Song State? The land in Chu is surplus and the population is insufficient. It is not wisdom to sacrifice the insufficient population and plunder the surplus land now. We can't say that Song Gong is innocent. Knowing this without arguing cannot be called loyalty. Arguments without results are unconvincing. You don't kill one person, you kill many people. You can't say that you are a smart person. " The loser persuaded him.
Mozi asked him again, "Then, why not cancel the attack on Song State?" The public loser said, "No ... I have already told the King of Chu." Mozi said, "Why don't you introduce me to the King of Chu?" The loser said, "Good."
Mozi saw the king of Chu and said, "Now there is a man here who has abandoned his gorgeous silk. His neighbor has a rough coat, but he intends to steal it." Abandoning their own delicious food, neighbors only have dross, but they intend to steal it. What kind of person is this? The king of Chu replied, "This man must have been stolen. "
Mozi said: "The land of Chu is five thousand miles away; Fiona Fang, the seat of Song Kingdom, is 500 miles away in Fiona Fang. Compared with a broken car, it is simply a floating car. Chu has a cloud dream of osawa, and rhinoceros deer and elk are full. Fish, turtles, catfish and catfish in the Yangtze River and Hanshui River are the most abundant in the world. There were no pheasants, rabbits and foxes in Song Dynasty, which is like comparing delicious food with dross. Chu has precious wood, such as giant pine, catalpa bungeana, nanmu and camphor tree. Song doesn't even have a big tree, just like comparing gorgeous silk to coarse cloth and short clothes. Judging from these three things, I think that Chu attacked Song State and people with theft are of the same type. I think, your majesty, it is certainly immoral for you to do so, but you can't rely on Song State. "
The king of Chu said, "Good! Even so, the public transport board has built a ladder for me, and I must capture Song State. "
The king of Chu said, "Good! Even so, the public transport board has built a ladder for me, and I must capture Song State. "
So I called the loser to meet again. Mozi took off his belt and surrounded it like a besieged city, using small pieces of wood as a garrison. Nine times the bus plate was equipped with ingenious and changeable equipment to attack the city, and Mozi resisted his attack nine times. The equipment used in the offensive and defensive battles of the public losing set was used up, and Mozi's defensive tactics were left. The loser was depressed, but said, "I know what to do with you, but I won't say." The king of Chu asked why. Mozi replied, "The meaning of losing the game is to kill me." Kill me, Song has no one to defend, you can attack. However, 200 people, including my disciple Bird Slip Li, have already taken my defensive equipment and are waiting for the invading army of Chu State in the capital of Song State. Even if you kill me, the defenders can't kill me. "The king said," good! I will not attack the state of Song. "
Yueyang Tower
In the spring of Li Qing's fourth year (1044), Teng was demoted as the prefect of Yuezhou. In the second year, the political affairs were smooth, the people were happy, and many undertakings that had been abandoned for many years were revived.
It's over. Yueyang Tower was rebuilt and the old scale was expanded. It is engraved with poems and songs of sages and contemporary people in the Tang Dynasty. (Teng) Let (I) write an article to describe it.
I think the beauty of Baling County is concentrated on Dongting Lake. Dongting Lake is connected with the distant mountains, and it breathes the water of the Yangtze River. The waves are mighty and boundless. It turns cloudy and sunny in the morning and evening (within one day), and the scene is ever-changing. This is a magnificent sight of Yueyang Tower. It has been described in detail by predecessors. But because it leads to Wuxia Gorge in the north and Xiaoxiang River in the south, officials who have been demoted far away and poets who come and go from south to north mostly meet here. The feeling caused by seeing natural scenery will probably be different, right?
If it is rainy and dense, sometimes there is no sunny day for the whole month, the cold wind howls, the turbid waves soar into the sky, the sun, the moon and the stars cover their brilliance, and the mountains disappear; Businessmen and passengers couldn't get through, the mast fell and the paddle was broken; At night, it is dark, tigers are whistling and apes are crying. When you climb Yueyang Tower, you will feel that you have left Beijing, miss your hometown, worry about speaking ill of others, and fear criticism. Your eyes are full of depression and your feelings are extremely sad.
As for the days when the spring breeze is warm and the sun shines high, the lake is calm and the sky is green and boundless; Sha Ou sometimes flies and sometimes stops, and beautiful fish swim around in the lake; The grass on the lakeshore and the orchid on the sandbar are rich in fragrance and lush in vegetation. Sometimes, a large area of smoke completely dissipates, the bright moonlight pours away, and the water waves shine with golden light; When there is no wind, the quiet moon image is a piece of jade that sinks into the water, echoing the fisherman's song. How can such fun be endless! When you climb the Yueyang Tower, you will feel open-minded and cheerful, forget the gains and losses of honor and disgrace, raise a glass to welcome the breeze and be beaming!
Alas! I have explored the thoughts of ancient nobles, which may be different from the above two moods. Why? They will not be unhappy because of the quality of foreign objects and personal gains and losses; People who are officials in the imperial court are worried about the people; People who are not court officials are worried about the king. In this way, I am also worried about being an official in the DPRK and being in opposition for the people. In that case, when will you be happy? So do we have to say, "Worry about the world first, and enjoy it later"? Alas! Without this person, who would I be with?
Written in Li Qing on September 15th, 6th (1046).
Old drunkard's tent record
Chuzhou is surrounded by mountains. The mountains, forests and valleys in the southwest are particularly beautiful. At first glance, it is lush, deep and beautiful, and that is Langya Mountain. After walking six or seven miles along the mountain road, I gradually heard the gurgling sound of running water and saw the running water pouring out between the two peaks. This is a brewing spring. The spring water bends around the mountain peak and winds along the mountain road. There is a pavilion flying on the spring, like a bird spreading its wings. That's Zuiweng Pavilion. Who built this pavilion? Monks and wise fairies on the mountain. Who named it? The satrap was named after his nickname (drunkard). The satrap and his guests came here to drink, and they were drunk after only a little drink; And the oldest, so since the number "drunkard." The meaning of drunkenness is not to drink, but to enjoy the beautiful scenery of mountains and rivers. The pleasure of enjoying the beautiful scenery of mountains and rivers is in your heart and pinned on wine.
As the sun rises, the fog in the mountain forest dissipates; When clouds gather, the valley looks dark; It's dark in the morning, and it's bright and dark in the evening, or dark or bright, with different changes. It's morning and evening in the mountains. Wild flowers are in full bloom and have a quiet fragrance; Good trees flourish and form a thick shade; The wind is high, the frost is clean, the sky is high and the water is clear. These are the four seasons in the mountains. Going in the morning and returning at dusk, the scenery of the four seasons is different and the fun is endless.
As for those who sing on the road with things on their backs, they all come and go to rest under the tree, greeting in front and agreeing behind; The old man walks with his back bent, and the children are led by adults. Pedestrians coming and going are all tourists from Chuzhou. Go fishing by the stream, and the stream is deep and fat; Brew wine with brewing spring, and the spring sake is clear; Wild game and wild vegetables were placed in front of us, which was hosted by the satrap. The fun of drinking at parties is not music; The projection is successful, the chess player wins, and the interaction between the wine glass and the wine crumbs is mixed; Those who sit up and down loudly are happy guests. An old man with an old face, sitting drunk in the middle of the crowd, is too drunk.
Soon, the sun set and the figure dispersed, and the guests followed the satrap back. The forest is densely covered with leaves and birds are singing everywhere. After the tourists left, the birds jumped happily. But birds only know the happiness in the mountains, but they don't know the happiness of people. However, people only know the fun of playing with Taishou, but they don't know that Taishou regards the fun of tourists as happiness. It is a satrap to be drunk and have fun with everyone, and to use articles to describe this pleasure when you wake up. Who is the satrap? It's Lu Xiu.
Seeing the snow scene from the pavilion in the middle of the lake
In December of the fifth year of Chongzhen (AD 1632), I lived by the West Lake. It snowed heavily for several days, and the voices of pedestrians and birds in the lake disappeared. At about eight o'clock in the evening, I rode a boat, wore a fur coat and took a stove, and went to the lake pavilion to see the snow alone. Ice flowers are everywhere, and the sky, clouds, mountains and water are white from top to bottom. The shadow on the lake is just a faint trace of a long bank, a little outline of a pavilion in the middle of the lake, and a small boat like grass with two or three figures in it.
In the pavilion in the middle of the lake, I saw two people sitting opposite each other with blankets. A child is cooking a wine stove. They were very happy when they saw me and said, "I didn't expect there to be people like you in the lake!" " "(They) dragged me to drink together. I tried to drink three glasses of wine and then said goodbye to them. I asked their surnames, and I learned that they are from Nanjing and live here. When we got off the boat, the boatman murmured, "Don't say that" xianggong "is obsessed with you, and there are people as obsessed as" xianggong "! "