In the late Qing Dynasty, the situation changed, and western civilization collided with Chinese civilization. Interwoven into a great era of great suffering and great change in modern times. Many modern health care civilizations began to enter China.
The earliest time was 1696, and Emperor Kangxi personally levied the Junggar Department. Emperor Kangxi was terminally ill with malaria at the front. The army is in a dilemma, and the physician is at a loss. At this time, it was also the prosperous period of the world's great navigation. It happened that two German missionaries asked for an audience and cured Kangxi's illness with cinchona cream, thus enabling Emperor Kangxi to complete the great cause of unifying Mongolia.
Cinchona cream is an early drug for modern quinine treatment. Later, Mao Zedong was dying of malaria during the Long March, and it was also Fu Lianzhang who cured him with this medicine.
This is one of the earliest examples of western medicine entering China.
By the end of the Qing Dynasty, three important figures appeared in the history of China, namely Zeng Guofan, Li Hongzhang and Yuan Shikai. Coincidentally, these three people are all sheep, including Cixi.
The ancient culture of China was quiet and dignified, and did not exercise or exercise.
Zeng Guofan is the pioneer of China's modernization. Its regimen is worth learning from:
Get up early every day and form a quiet habit. After getting up, you must practice calligraphy for half an hour and practice meditation all your life.
After dinner every day, you must take a walk in the camp for half an hour at a time, and no one is allowed to disturb you, especially in wartime, when you are in a fierce camp and never stop.
A good way of keeping in good health enables Zeng Guofan to keep a clear head when the war situation changes. "There must be calmness in every major event."
Zeng Guofan also taught this method to disciple Li Hongzhang. Li Hongzhang also kept a good habit of taking a walk after dinner all his life.
Just Zeng Guofan didn't live long. He left us forever at the age of 62.
At that time, he suffered from several diseases, one of which was "eye disease" and his eyes were not good. In his later years, his left eye was almost blind and his right eye barely worked.
Especially the Tianjin religious lesson plan 1870, one eye works very hard. This "eye disease" that tortured Zeng Guofan for many years is what we all know now. This is a simple question in modern times, but it is a great distress to the great men at that time.
1872, the first 10 day after Zeng Guofan played the famous "Sending Young Children to the United States". When Zeng Guofan was walking in the garden, he suddenly felt dizzy and then his feet were numb. After being helped into the room by his son Ceng Jize, he died soon.
Zeng Guofan was only 62 years old. It stands to reason that this age is not high. Famous ministers in the late Qing Dynasty, such as Zuo at the age of 72 and Zhang Zhidong died at the age of 72. In terms of age, Zeng Guofan died earlier. So that Li Hongzhang heard the news of Zeng Guofan's death at that time and thought it was a misinformation.
In fact, dizziness and numbness are all symptoms, but what really caused Zeng Guofan's death was the common cerebral infarction.
Zeng Guofan was physically weak due to long-term military fatigue, and as a Confucian intellectual, Zeng Guofan himself had a strong feeling of home and country, which made him have high requirements for his work. His motto is "Nothing is difficult in the world", so Zeng Guofan is extremely diligent and almost harsh.
When he was governor of Zhili, he once dealt with all the backlog cases in the previous ten years in one year. Being a good official in China requires not only diligence, but also good social relations.
Eating and drinking in officialdom, in order not to sweep everyone's face, he is basically never absent. This made Zeng Guofan's work pressure very great, so historian Zhang Hongjie said that Zeng Guofan was exhausted.
So it can be seen from here that good hygiene habits make Zeng Guofan have enough energy when dealing with critical events. However, being too tired and demanding too much of himself made Zeng Guofan "die young" in his prime.
Compared with Zeng Guofan, Li Hongzhang is a master of China's Westernization, and certainly has a better understanding of modern health care.
Li Hongzhang was the first person in China to establish a western medicine hospital, and invited Huang Kuan, the first doctor in China to study in Cambridge University, to establish Beiyang Hospital.
At that time, officials in China were relatively unaccustomed to taking a bath every day. They usually take a bath twice a month, but Li Hongzhang takes a bath almost every day. When he communicated with his nephew, he said: "Bathing can remove germs from the skin and promote blood circulation. If a person does not take a bath all the year round, it will cause dirt blockage and make the skin lose its excretory function. "
Li Hongzhang was often asked to get up early by his teacher when he was in Zeng Guofan's shogunate. Later, the more contact with modern health knowledge, the more systematic understanding of getting up early.
Li Hongzhang once said in a letter at home: "The air is the best every morning. Because I was in a closed bedroom all night, filled with turbid air. Once I breathe fresh air, I will be full of energy all day, and all kinds of diseases can be eliminated ... If I can start this method in spring, I will gradually improve my body and increase my food intake. "
It can be seen that this is Li Hongzhang's exposition of getting up in the morning, which is quite close to modern health knowledge.
Due to frequent handling of foreign affairs and government affairs, Li Hongzhang suffered from insomnia for some time and stayed up all night. At the doctor's suggestion, Li Hongzhang began to read numbers before going to bed, ranging from 1 to 100. He himself said, "When you are lying down, the number of meditations varies from one to one hundred, and you can gradually dream. My brother tried it, and the effect was not very good at first. Later, he made it strong and the effect was gradually enhanced. " In other words, the effect was not good at first, but it became obvious later.
This paragraph is also very similar to the way we treat insomnia now.
Li Hongzhang's life and work are also very regular, and he usually gets up at 6 am.
Similar to his teacher Zeng Guofan, he began to practice calligraphy leisurely. He likes Han Yu's "Persuading Buddha's Bone Table" best, and finds it particularly imposing.
After breakfast, I started a day's work-marking official documents.
After all the official documents have been approved, Li Hongzhang will start reading and practicing calligraphy again.
Different from the teacher, Li Hongzhang pays great attention to nutrition at lunch every day. After lunch, he must also drink a bowl of thick porridge and a bowl of clear soup.
After a short rest, he took off his robe and went to the cloister in the yard.
Every time, he would walk from one end of the cloister to the other, and so he walked back and forth dozens of times. After breathing for a while, he will sit in a chair and close his eyes.
At this time, the servant will bring him a bowl of "molten iron", which is made of ginseng, Scutellaria baicalensis and other Chinese medicines. After drinking this bowl of "molten iron", Li Hongzhang will lie in bed and start a lunch break of 1~2 hours.
After lunch break, he and his staff will start their afternoon work.
Not only that, Li Hongzhang also pays special attention to the way of keeping healthy by eating enough for breakfast and eating less for dinner.
Therefore, Li Hongzhang has experienced countless great events in his life, but he can also maintain exuberant energy and good temperament.
The death of Li Hongzhang was really unbearable in his life.
Li Hongzhang, who had nothing to do with this matter, was appointed as the governor of Zhili by the court to clean up the mess after the change of the country. The old man, who is nearly eighty years old, was ordered to go to Beijing from Guangdong to make peace with the great powers.
When he experienced Tianjin, it was a ruin and rubble. Li Hongzhang has been operating in Tianjin for nearly 30 years. The grand occasion of Westernization in those days, the first city in modern times, was in ruins and could not help crying. Notes of Liang Kentang: "I have worked hard for 30 years, but unfortunately my life has been like silk."
As for Beijing, after nine months of arduous negotiations with the powers, it was humiliated by the powers and tried its best to deal with each other.
Finally, when the overall situation was settled, he immediately had a high fever and took it very quickly. "The nose is heavy and the spirit is very sleepy." The illness is getting worse, so the best way is to rest.
However, under the heavy foreign affairs work and the high pressure of the imperial court, there was no moment of peace. Finally, he died at the age of 78 because of a ruptured stomach blood vessel.
It is conceivable that if there were better rest conditions at that time, Li Hongzhang's illness would not be a big problem.
Yuan Shikai considers himself a disciple of Li Hongzhang. He wrote an elegy to Li Hongzhang, "I am another disciple, and I am grateful for my bosom friend. I hope Hong Zhiye will follow Xiao Gui". In terms of health care, he also witnessed Li Hongzhang's way of health care.
Therefore, Yuan Shikai insisted on getting up early and going to bed early, living a very regular life, fasting opium and taking a bath frequently. This is similar to Li Hongzhang.
Get up at 5 o'clock every day and start walking and exercising, and persevere.
It is very different from the first two. Yuan was strong when he was young, and the young man was born among the ranks and has been training in the military camp. The physical foundation is obviously better than the first two.
When practicing the Beiyang New Army, Yuan Shikai changed the bad habit of officers not taking part in exercises but attending training courses drawn up by German instructors. Personally participate in various field training and live-fire exercises. This officer is not only well-trained, but also the long-term high-intensity physical exercise makes him extremely strong.
Yuan Shikai pays great attention to diet and nutrition. He doesn't care about food, but he is interested in some daily food.
Was Yuan Zaichong Chenrong? Guests at home, Rong? When I met Yuan Shikai, I had a meal while chatting. Yuan can actually eat 8 eggs, 10 meat buns, and a Songhua River fish. Rong? I envy Yuan for his excellent appetite and highly praise him for his great achievements in the future.
Therefore, Yuan Shikai was full of energy and energy all his life. Praise a tourist when he comes back. The governor's eyes are so bright that he sits in a chair like a tiger.
In the late Qing Dynasty, Yuan had to deal with complicated interpersonal relationships and complicated government affairs. Moreover, the achievements in political achievements are really amazing, otherwise it would not be called "the first person to promote political reform in the late Qing Dynasty".
Extraordinary energy and strong physique are also the important reasons why Yuan Shikai can always calmly cope with the complicated and volatile political situation in the late Qing Dynasty.
It stands to reason that Yuan Shikai should undoubtedly live longer than the first two.
However, as we all know, Yuan Shikai was disloyal to others because he wrongly proclaimed himself emperor, and even his old subordinates and Feng were against him. He got sick in a fit of pique and finally died of uremia.
In fact, this disease is not a serious illness in modern times. The real reason is that Yuan Shikai pays too much attention to satiety, which leads to overnutrition, obesity, diabetes and hypertension after middle age.
People didn't know at that time that many times they thought eating and drinking well was good for their health, but it backfired.
At that time, if Yuan Shikai could control his diet after middle age, his life would never end in 96 days after he became "Emperor Hongxian". The world's expectations may be more positive.
At the same time, so is his subordinate Premier Zhao Bingjun. He is very capable, but he doesn't control his diet well. In middle age, he also suffered from serious cerebrovascular diseases. 19 15 years, a generation of heroes died suddenly because of cerebral hemorrhage.
Because of the sudden onset, during the Republic of China, there was a rumor that Yuan Shikai poisoned Zhao Bingjun.
In fact, we can also see some examples from other important officials in the late Qing Dynasty.
For example, Shen Baozhen, the son-in-law of the famous Lin Zexu, paid little attention to the rules of work and rest after middle age. She often works at night and sleeps during the day, not to mention getting up early. Causing the body to fall straight. When he was governor of the two rivers, his health was not as good as before. At that time, he visited Shen Baozhen with propaganda. Shen Baozhen was afraid of the cold. When he met Sheng Xuanhuai, he had to lie under the covers and felt very embarrassed.
So Shen Baozhen died at the age of 59.
Another famous minister, Zhang Zhidong, known as the four famous ministers in the late Qing Dynasty, also paid no attention to health preservation. His working hours are even stranger. He works twice a day. At four o'clock in the morning, he began to work, met with officials and handled political affairs. He sleeps for a few hours in the afternoon, starts receiving guests at dusk and goes to bed in the early morning.
1905, when Yuan Shikai, then governor of Zhili, visited Zhang Zhidong, it happened that Zhang Zhidong fell asleep in public and snored loudly. Yuan Shikai was extremely embarrassed and left without saying goodbye. Knowing his rudeness, Zhang Zhidong chased him to the river to see him off. At that time, it became a big joke.
Zhang Zhidong lived a simple life, mainly dealing with government affairs, and his work was arduous and arduous, which was different from the first three.
Zhang Zhidong, born after 60, is a mess in handling government affairs, which may be related to his physical condition.
Without exception, his westernization suffered great losses. Later, with the efforts of Sheng Xuanhuai, Zheng and others, Hanyang Iron Works came back to life. Without the participation of Sheng and others, Zhang Zhidong's westernization can be said to be useless.
Therefore, Zhang Zhidong's physical quality is much worse than Li Hongzhang's middle-aged energy.
Good health is not only for health and longevity, but also for improving the quality of life, which has a positive impact on families and children to develop good living habits.
As Li Hongzhang said, "health preservation is not for immortality, but for temporary health and happiness."
From the regimen of the above three heavyweights, we can draw the following experiences:
1, go to bed early and get up early, and form a good routine.
2. Good long-term physical exercise,
3. Take a bath frequently and maintain good hygiene habits.
4. Control diet and avoid overnutrition.
5. Be good at arranging work and rest reasonably under great work pressure.
6. When the work is arduous, the more attention should be paid to "training the heart". Such as practicing calligraphy, combining static and dynamic, and gathering gas. You can really calm yourself down in front of important events.
Of course, the average person will not have such a complicated and arduous working environment as the top three.
But modern society is fast-paced and stressful, and everyone has to face many interpersonal relationships.
Therefore, while absorbing modern health preserving methods, it is also extremely important for ancient people in China to cultivate their mind and cultivate their morality.
Wonderful review:
Zeng Guofan's last blog-China's pioneering work in modern times.
Before the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895, I saved 6 10000 taels of silver-unsatisfied Beiyang Navy soldiers.
References:
The front and side of Zeng Guofan
Autumn wind sword lonely minister tears
Biography of Yuan Shikai