Problem description:
For example, recording tapes are in electromagnetic form.
Analysis:
Humans have about tens of billions of brain cells. Each brain cell has about hundreds of cranial nerves, and each cranial nerve has about hundreds of synapses. There are hundreds to thousands of protein in each synapse. The function of brain cells is equivalent to a large computer, and the function of synapses is equivalent to a computer chip. It is easy to infer that the human brain is equivalent to hundreds of billions or trillions of chips.
At present, the largest parallel computer of mankind, White ASCI of the United States, has only 8,000 chips, which is about 1 100 million times different from the human brain, that is, 8 to 9 orders of magnitude.
The computing power of a computer is generally calculated by the number of addition operations that can be completed in one second. At present, the fastest is Japan's "Earth Simulator", with 4 billion times.
If a computer is used to compare the human brain, because the human brain is a huge parallel computing system, all synapses and all protein on each synapse can move at the same time instantly, and the distance between protein is only a few nanometers. At this distance, the current can run hundreds of billions of times a second, and the calculation speed of the human brain is indescribable, about 1 is followed by 27 zeros to 30 zeros. You know, 4 billion times is exactly 4 followed by 10 zeros, which is about 20 orders of magnitude worse.
Therefore, it will take about 100 years to simulate the function of the human brain with computers at the current speed of research progress. Because according to? Hey? Umbrella insurance? Puff? What's wrong with your brain? It doubled in eight months, that is, it increased by about 0.57 times every year. It takes more than 100 years to increase 20 orders of magnitude. I'll never see you again.
There is another factor that has not been taken into account. The computer turns on or off two circuit states, but there are many kinds of amino acids in brain cells, cranial nerves, synapses, protein and protein, which are much more complicated to move than circuits. Therefore, the time for humans to figure out the function of the human brain has to be postponed.
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The human brain is the most subtle intelligent organ in the human body. It weighs about 1.3 kg, and its volume is only 1.4 cubic meter. It is composed of more than100 billion nerve cells. Around each nerve cell, 1000 ~ 10000 synapses extend outward and cross-link with those of adjacent nerve cells. These synapses, like circuits, have a "gate" that can pass or stop the "electron flow", so the brain can store 10 trillion bits of information. This storage capacity is comparable to/kloc-0.0 million computers.
There are two kinds of thinking forms of human brain: one is formal thinking, which is the expression of human brain's deductive ability and has the characteristics of logical order; The other is fuzzy thinking, which is the expression of human brain's inductive ability, and can think comprehensively and integrally at the same time. Although about 1000 nerve cells fail every hour in a person's life, and nearly 9 million nerves lose their function every year, the main reason why the brain can still work normally is that it has enough "reserve power". Some nerve cells fail, and other "spare" nerve cells immediately replace them.
Inspired by the functional principle of human brain, scientists have successfully developed an electronic computer. The electronic computer is one of the most important inventions in the 20th century. It has extraordinary computing power. The fastest computer in modern times can complete hundreds of millions of operations in 1 second. Such calculation speed and reliability of calculation process are beyond the reach of manual calculation. Computers can also imitate part of people's feeling and thinking functions, and make judgments and reasoning according to certain rules, instead of part of people's mental work. Because of this, people attach great importance to computers, which are called "computers" and have been widely used in various fields.
Modern computers always work according to the programs prescribed by people. In these programs, people should foresee all possible situations for the computer and arrange how the computer should respond. In the event of an accident, the computer will be confused and helpless.
The computer is huge, although it has as many parts as human brain cells. The volume of each module is 1 cm3, and the energy consumption is 0. 1 watt. When many components are assembled, its volume is 6.5438+0 million cubic meters, which is 6 million times that of the brain, and the required energy is as high as 6.5438+0 million kilowatts, which is equivalent to the power generation of a modern large hydropower station.
Therefore, although the talent of electronic computers is extraordinary and miraculous, far superior to human beings in some aspects, the human brain is still the most perfect "natural computer" in the world.