Tai Ji Chuan is a knowledge and skill that integrates culture, martial arts and health preservation. It is different from ordinary sports, dancing and competitive events. One stroke, one style, and every movement contain the profound traditional ideology and culture, traditional martial arts and traditional Taoist health preservation of our Chinese nation for thousands of years. Tai Ji Chuan not only conforms to the mode of fighting, but also has a mechanical foundation. Zheng Manqing, a famous Yang Tai Ji Chuan, said: "Tai Ji Chuan's strength and mechanics are closely related, which is natural. The principle of Taiji Chuan has never been easy to understand, and even people have doubts. Today, it is explained by mechanics. Although Taiji Chuan originated from philosophy, it can be proved by science. " The following is what I sorted out: for you to read!

The lunge, half horse stance, imaginary step, Sichuan word step and footwork of boxing posture are all separated from the heel * * * and the bottom * *, and cannot be stepped into a straight step. The front and rear heels of the steps are separated, and the width is about 20 to 35 cm * * * depending on the height. This exercise will increase the bottom area of the lower plate and improve the stability of standing. Physical mechanics tells us that an object must be in a stable equilibrium state and meet the following three conditions: first, the center of gravity of the object must fall within the supporting surface. Second, the lower the center of gravity is from the supporting surface, the more stable it is, but the human body is not an object. If the footwork of boxing posture is too low, it will make the knees and other parts stiff, such as the transformation of reality and reality, and the movement changes of rigid and flexible combination can't keep up. Third, the larger the supporting surface area, the more stable it is, but the human body is not an object. The stride size of the step type should be just right, and the stride length is too large, which is easy to lose momentum passively. The stride is too small, which is not conducive to the relaxation and stability of the center of gravity. Therefore, practicing boxing should not only pay attention to mechanics, but also be moderate, which is an important connotation of practicing boxing.

The balance center is the central link of Tai Ji Chuan's attack and defense. Physics tells us; Equal weight at both ends is called balance. Philosophically, it refers to the temporary relative unity of contradictions. Balance and movement are inseparable. In the process of absolute eternal material movement, there is a relative temporary stillness and balance. If Tai Ji Chuan wants to release its overall strength and have both offensive and defensive abilities, it must first stand upright. Balance is more important for stabilizing the center of gravity, because there is only a stable center. In order to defeat each other, do not lose weight, do not miss, be in an invincible position. Mastering the balance and keeping the center stable is the key to the success or failure of attack and defense. As Wang Zongyue said in On Taiji Biography, only by walking upright can you live like a wheel. There is a guarantee of winning. The imbalance of movement is absolute and the balance is relative. Balance in boxing is temporary, even instantaneous. How to ensure the balance and stability of the center of gravity in the ever-changing tricks? The mechanical method is to keep neutral balance. That is, "an object in a balanced and strong state can continue to maintain its balance in any position after being slightly disturbed", whether it is the change of techniques, legs, footwork or fighting, it must maintain a neutral balance. For example, as the predecessors said, "The front is not in the toe, and the back is not in the heel", "The shoulders are not out of the inner circle, the knees are not out of the middle circle, and the feet are not out of the outer circle". It is one of the methods to pay attention to neutral equilibrium.

"Four-two-one-kilo", which combines superb skills and skills, does not embody the law of leverage with some actions to defeat people with poor strength. The stress point of the lever is called the force point, the fixed point is called the fulcrum, the point to overcome the resistance is called the key point, the vertical distance from the fulcrum to the force line is called the force arm, and the vertical distance from the fulcrum to the resistance line is called the weighing arm. The force arm is larger than the arm, which can save labor. For example, why is it so easy for gardeners to trim branches with scissors? Although the weight of the scale is small, why can it be as heavy as one thousand catties? That is, when the force and the resistance overcome by the lever are in the same plane, the product of the force and the arm is equal to the product of the resistance and the heavy arm; When the arm of force is longer than the heavy arm and the acting force is less than the resistance, it must be labor-saving. Tai Ji Chuan's motivation requirement is "rooted in the foot, originated from the leg, with the waist as the main part and the finger as the shape". From the foot to the leg and waist, it must always be complete. "In this way, the wrists, elbows, shoulders, hips, knees and ankles of the body are firmly connected, which is equivalent to increasing the length of the arm of force. The whole body constitutes the arm of force, the foot is the point of force, and the elbow, waist coccyx and knee can all be used as fulcrums. According to the situation of boxing and the opponent's situation, flexibly change the key fulcrum and arm. " Hands and feet together, it is true. "There are several contact points at the same time. In addition, Tai Ji Chuan's vigorous action is characterized by attacking the opponent's center and knocking it down. The main way to control the other party's center is to control the details, which is also to exert leverage. Moreover, boxing potential, such as wild horse mane, monkey kick, oblique flying potential and high horse exploration, are all ways of multi-point attack, which also reflects the mechanical characteristics of lever. I remember 1997 when I was studying boxing at Mr. Lin's house, one day, his old man stood naturally and taught Sanshou skills by example. A senior pushed Lin Shi's chest with the palm of his hand at breakneck speed. Just then, Lin Shi bent his right knee and lifted his toes off the ground. At the same time, the right arm wrapped around the senior's hands to make him stand unsteadily, and then he got the opportunity to insert his right foot and hit the senior's chest with his left palm. In fact, Master Lin used "root strength Gong Zhuang" to transform the strength of senior brothers, and then used "herself to shuttle" to distribute senior brothers. The "root force Gong Zhuang" embodies the mechanical characteristics of the lever, and it moves like this: in the standing step, the buttocks, femur, tibia and heel of the real leg penetrate into the ground and sink loosely, and the slack force of the real leg drives the heel and sole of the virtual leg to lift off the ground. The tail wheel makes the sacrum and coccyx lean forward through the resilience of the ground sinking to the solid sole, and uses the lever force of femur to pry out the knee arch of the virtual leg. At the same time, with the help of the ground recoil force sinking to the solid sole, the arm is pushed to roll upward. The usage of "root strength Gong Zhuang" also embodies the characteristics of "421 kilos". It is necessary to loosen the waist and lift the strength from the feet, but also to pull the heel to make the other party weightless and unstable. The combination of "Jade Girl Flying Shuttle" also reflects the mechanical characteristics of lever, so I won't elaborate here because of the space limitation.

Tai Ji Chuan's strength is multiplied by delay and acceleration. Tai Ji Chuan's strength and technique conform to the principle of Newton's second law that the change of momentum is equal to the product of force and time. In order to prolong the action time of force and accelerate the movement of the other body. Many Tai Ji Chuan grinders stick together. As long as they touch, they stick together from the beginning and use friction to resist their center of gravity. Instead of withdrawing immediately, they continued to exert their strength until the other side fell. This force prolongs the action time and accelerates the opponent's body. The result is a big blow and a lot of pain. For example, Xu Zhiyi, a famous teacher of Wu-style Tai Ji Chuan, said, "For example, when we hit a big stone several feet square with a sledgehammer, we hit the stone with a sledgehammer with a hard handle in both hands. Because of the fear that the jaws of both hands will be injured by shock, the hammer often relaxes immediately when hitting the stone surface. Due to the short action time of the force, the result can only break the instructions of the stone but not crack it; If you replace it with a sledgehammer with a soft handle, you can avoid the pain of the tiger's mouth and hit the stone with the same or less strength with both hands. As long as the sledgehammer falls heavily, the stone will be shocked, that is, the action time of the force will be extended, and the stone will split in two. " He also pointed out: "The so-called' internal strength' in Tai Ji Chuan is a similar attack method. In fact, it is not the nature of the force, but the time when the force acts. "

Tai Ji Chuan pays attention to internal and external resultant force in martial arts, and his boxing movements conform to the principle of resultant force. This problem can be divided into two aspects: on the one hand, it is the resultant force of the limbs themselves, such as the joints of hands and feet, elbows and knees, shoulders and hips, and the joints of mind, strength, bones and muscles. Limited to space, I won't say it here. On the other hand, it is the joint effort of oneself and each other. Mr. Xu Zhiyi pointed out in the book "A Study of Xu Zhiyi and Tai Ji Chuan": "In Tai Ji Chuan's attack method, whenever the other side attacks me first, it is most taboo to fight hard from the opposite direction. It is always more or less along the other side's attack direction, exerting force on the other side, resulting in greater resultant force, which makes the other side out of balance and at a disadvantage. This kind of attack is mainly based on "softness" and "smoothness", which is definitely different from the way of hard fighting and hard progress, so the effect is also very different ... People who practice Tai Ji Chuan always wait and see, not taking the lead. Even if they take the lead, they only attract people to take the lead, let them perceive each other's reality by feeling in contact, and then take the opportunity to start; If the inorganic can take advantage of it, it will immediately change its tactics. It is better to change it again, just change it, and never attack it for the sake of showing off. Of course, those with deep kung fu can also hit each other's soft spots in a fight and turn them against each other, but in principle, they always use the resultant force to influence each other's center of gravity. The above-mentioned "exerting force on the other side" is sometimes a kind of strength, the purpose of which is to stimulate the center of gravity of the other side; Sometimes it is hard and must be used when the other party's center of gravity is unstable; In short, it is inseparable from the timely development in the coming direction and the improvement of the combined attack effect. This is the way to use people's strength for me, and it is the key to Tai Ji Chuan's success with small. " No wonder a boxer with actual combat experience said, "Whoever can work together with Qi Xin will win."

As the saying goes, "people have little side force." If a person is hit by a lateral force, the center of gravity will easily leave the supporting surface and fall. There is a style of "centering and fixing the horizontal" in Taiji Chuan. I gave up my front face and hit my face. Because the bottom area of the opponent's horizontal plane is too small, the stress point cannot be concentrated. Once the opponent leaves the support point, the body naturally leans. If I hit it from a horizontal plane, the other side will fall out immediately. There is a saying in the classic Taiji biography "Warring States Policy 18" that "there is a gap, and the middle road is horizontal". The general idea is that there are loopholes that can be exploited in boxing, and the positive side of boxing is the "horizontal" of the opponent's defensive weakness; Attacking the opponent's "horizontal" is the way to win. The bottom area of the "horizontal" position is too small, which is easy to cause its own weightlessness. ?