This kind of microorganism uses light as energy source, carbon dioxide as basic carbon source, and some reduced inorganic compounds (water, hydrogen sulfide, etc.). ) as a hydrogen donor to reduce carbon dioxide. Their cells all contain one or more photosynthetic pigments.

2. Photoenergy heterotrophy

Microorganisms that use light as energy and organic carbon compounds (formic acid, acetic acid, methanol, isopropanol, etc.) grow and reproduce through photosynthesis. ) as carbon source and hydrogen donor.

3, chemical energy autotrophic type

Microorganisms that use carbon dioxide as carbon source and use the energy released in the oxidation process of inorganic compounds such as ammonium, nitrite, hydrogen sulfide and iron ions to grow.

4. Chemical energy heterotrophic type

Most microorganisms belong to this type of nutrition. They use organic carbon compounds as carbon sources and energy sources.

Extended data:

There are many types of physiological metabolism of microorganisms, which are beyond the reach of animals and plants.

Microorganisms have many unique metabolic modes, such as chemical synthesis of autotrophic bacteria, anaerobic life, photosynthesis without oxygen release, biological nitrogen fixation, biological transformation of complex organic substances, decomposition of toxic substances such as cyanogen, phenol and polychlorinated biphenyls, tolerance to extreme environments such as heat, cold, acid, alkali, hypertonic, high pressure and high radiation dose, and the ability of viruses to survive in cell-free form.

There are many kinds of metabolites produced by microorganisms. Only one bacterium, Escherichia coli, can produce 2000-3000 different protein. Among natural antibiotics, 2/3 (more than 4,000 kinds) are produced by actinomycetes. The types of enzymes produced by microorganisms are also extremely rich. Among all kinds of microorganisms, there are only 1443 types of type II restriction enzymes.