original text

In the spring of ten years, the army of Qi attacked our country of Lu. Duke Zhuang is going to fight. The king asked to see Lord Zhuang. His fellow countryman said, "People in power will plan this. Why do you want to participate?" ? ""Those in power are short-sighted and unable to think deeply, "Cao Gui said." Then they went to the court to see the duke. "What are you fighting for?" Cao Gui asked. Zhuang Gong said, "I never dared to know what to eat and wear. I must give it to the ministers around me. "

Cao Gui replied: "This little kindness cannot be extended to the people, and the people will not obey you." Duke Zhuang said, "I never dare to exaggerate the number of pigs, sheep, jade articles, silks, etc. for sacrifice. I must tell God the truth." Cao Gui said: "Mix's credit cannot be trusted by the gods, and the gods will not bless you." . "ZhuangGong said," even if you can't see all the lawsuits in Mix, I must also be based on facts. "Yes:" Loyalty belongs to you. You can go to war. Please pay attention to this war. "

On that day, Qi Huangong and Cao Gui sat in a chariot and fought with Qi Jun in Beidou. Zhuang Gongzheng wants to order drums. "Not now," said Cao Gui. "Wait until after Qi Jun drummed three times. Cao Gui said, "You can play the drums. "."Qi Jun was completely defeated. Their duke ordered the horse to be chased by the horse. "Not now," said Cao Gui. Then he got off the chariot, looked at the tracks of Qi Jun's wheels, climbed on the chariot, supported the front railing of the chariot and looked at Qi Jun's formation, and said, "We can pursue. "."So, the pursuit of Qi Jun was pursued.

After winning, the king asked him why he won. He said: "It takes courage to fight. High spirits, then decline, three exhausted. I am exhausted and profitable, so I will beat it, and my husband will be a big country, which is unpredictable and terrible. I regard it as chaos and look at its flag, so I chase it. "

To annotate ...

1, (Gui): the doctor of Lu in the Spring and Autumn Period. A famous military theorist.

2. Ten years: the tenth year of Lu Zhuanggong (684 BC).

3. Qi Division: Qi army. Qi, in today's central Shandong Province. Lu junshi

4. cut: attack.

5. I mean Lu. Zuo Zhuan was written according to the history of Lu, so Lu was called "I".

6. Gong: the general term for princes, referring to Duke Zhuang of Lu.

7. Carnivores: People who eat meat refer to those in power.

8. Ask: Ask for discussion.

9.Jian: participation.

10, mean: mean and short-sighted.

translate

In the spring of the tenth year of Duke Zhuang of Lu, the Qi army attacked our state of Lu. Duke Zhuang of Lu can fight. Cao Gui asked to meet Duke Zhuang of Lu. His fellow countryman said, "People in power will plan this. Why do you participate?" Cao Gui said: "People in power are short-sighted, so they can't think ahead." So he went to North Korea to see Duke Zhuang of Lu.

Cao Gui asked, "What are you fighting for?" Duke Zhuang of Lu said: "I never dare to keep food and clothing for health. I must give it to the ministers around me." Cao Gui replied: "This kind of small kindness can't spread to the people, and the people won't obey you."

Duke Zhuang of Lu said, "I never dare to exaggerate the number of sacrifices such as pigs, cows, sheep, jade articles and silk fabrics, but I must tell the truth to God." Cao Gui said: "A small contribution cannot win the trust of the gods, and the gods will not bless you." Lv Zhuanggong said: "Even if I can't see all the litigation cases, I will make a reasonable judgment based on the facts."

Cao Gui replied: "This has completed my task, and we can fight a battle (under this condition). If you fight, please allow me to go with you. "

That day, Duke Zhuang of Lu and Cao Gui were sitting in a car, fighting the Qi army in the ladle. Duke Zhuang of Lu will order drums to advance. Cao Gui said, "Not now." Wait until the Qi army drums three times. Cao Gui said, "You can beat the drums." The Qi army was defeated. Duke Zhuang of Lu wants to order horses to chase the Qi army.

Cao Gui said, "Not yet." Say that finish, he got out of the chariot, looked at the trace of Qi's wheels, boarded the chariot again, propped up the crossbar in front of the chariot and watched the formation of Qi. He said, "We can pursue it." So I chased the Qi army.

After winning the battle, Duke Zhuang of Lu asked him why he won. Cao Gui replied, "Fighting depends on morale. Drumming for the first time can improve the morale of soldiers. After the second drum beat, the morale of soldiers began to decline, and after the third drum beat, they were even more exhausted.

Their morale has disappeared, but the morale of our army is rising, so we beat them. In a big country like Qi, it is difficult to speculate on their situation, for fear that they will have an ambush there. Later, I saw that the track of their wheels was chaotic and the flag fell, so I ordered to chase them. "

Introduction to the article

Cao Gui's argument comes from Zuo Zhuan's Ten Years of Zhuang Gong. This paper narrates his comments on this war in the Battle of Long Spoon, and the historical fact that he used the principle of "gathering, losing and exhausting" to repel the powerful Qi army in wartime.

This paper expounds how to correctly apply the principle of strategic defense in the war-only by "winning the trust of the people", carrying out the correct policy of "the enemy is exhausted and we will fight" and choosing the favorable opportunity for counterattack and pursuit can we be strong with small enemies.