Traditional customs of cold food festival
The customs of the Cold Food Festival include no smoking, eating cold food, sweeping sacrifices, hiking, inserting willows, swinging, cuju and reciting poems. The Cold Food Festival is a traditional festival in China, after the summer solstice and one or two days before Tomb-Sweeping Day. Cold Food Festival is the only traditional festival of Han nationality named after food customs.
Smokeless fire
The Cold Food Festival was also called "No Smoking Festival" in ancient times. Everyone is forbidden to make a fire and eat cold food.
Eat cold food
Smoking and fire are forbidden in the Cold Food Festival, so the diet is mainly cold food, including cold porridge, cold noodles, cold paste, green rice and preserved rice. Cold food offerings include noodles Yan, snake rabbit, jujube cake, refined rye, etc. There are dozens of drinks, such as spring wine, fresh tea, clear spring and sweet water.
Pay homage to the dead at their graves.
The Cold Food Festival was regarded as a "wild sacrifice" from the Southern and Northern Dynasties to the Tang Dynasty. At that time, a family or clan went to the ancestral grave to sacrifice, add soil and hang paper money. Then spread swallows and snakes and rabbits on the top of the grave, roll them down, put them on with willow branches or needles, and put them in the high place in the house to show their virtue.
spring outing
Sheng Xing was born in the Tang and Song Dynasties. In the spring when flowers turn green, people go hiking in the suburbs together. China's outing custom has a long history, and the legend was formed as far back as the pre-Qin period. The Book of Jin records that every spring, people go to the suburbs to enjoy the scenery together.
Chuanliuzhi
The symbol of the Vitamin Cold Food Festival was originally intended to remember meson's pursuit of political clarity. In some places, people put willow branches under the eaves to forecast the weather.
sway
Swing was originally a female amusement in the ancient cold food festival. Wang Renyu's "Kaiyuan Tianbao Legacy" in the Five Dynasties recorded that "the Tianbao Palace Mid-solstice Cold Food Festival actually erected a swing, which made the wives and concubines in the palace laugh and thought it was a feast. The emperor called it a semi-fairy play, so the scholars in the capital called it. " Wen Yanbo, the prime minister of the Song Dynasty, wrote the poem "Cold Food Day Crossing the Dragon Gate", which is described as "the willow on the bridge hangs on a line and hangs more colorful ropes."
play football
According to historical records, "General Examination of Literature": "Cuju, Gai began in the Tang Dynasty. Plant two bamboos, several feet high, and wrap the net on the net to measure the ball for the door. The ball is divided into friends and friends, and the game is divided into corners. " Cuju originated from Qi State, the ancient capital of the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, and flourished in the Tang and Song Dynasties.
recite/chant poems
During the Cold Food Festival, literati or homesick relatives, or borrowing scenery, have feelings, feelings, inspirations, poems and chanters. According to the survey, The Complete Poems of Tang Dynasty alone contains more than 300 poems by famous people such as Tang Xuanzong, Zhang Shuo, Du Fu, Han Yu and Liu Zongyuan, as well as more than 100 poems in the Song, Jin and Yuan Dynasties, making it a wonderful work in Chinese poetry art.
Characteristics of Cold Food Festival
1, the festival formed early. Originated in the Spring and Autumn Period, Jiezhi burned in Mianshan, Jiexiu. Jin Wengong ordered a ban on fire and cold food on the anniversary of the child's death, and sent grief with cold food. By the Tang Dynasty, a national statutory festival had been formed, which was the earliest of the traditional festivals in China.
2. It has a long history. Two thousand six hundred and forty years ago, there were five days, one hundred and five days, one month, three days, two days, five days and seven days in different historical periods, and finally it became one day.
3. The cultural connotation is profound. Respect for the media and dedication, carry forward the political ambition of loyalty to the monarch and patriotism, retiring after success, being honest and clean, do not violate the filial piety of relatives, and develop into an important festival that unites people's hearts, embodies the Chinese soul and reflects the ancestral culture of the Chinese nation. And form a series of cold foods such as glutinous rice and green rice.
There are many festivals. Sweeping graves, smoking bans, ancestor worship, cold food, willow planting, outing, cuju, swinging, flower viewing, chicken fighting, banquet feeding, poetry reading, etc.
5. Spread widely. From Jiexiu and Taiyuan County to all parts of the country and even overseas (for example, Gao Changguo has designated March 9 as the Cold Food Festival since the Tang Dynasty).
Seven Taboos of Cold Food Festival
1, No Fire Cold Food Festival was also called "No Smoking Festival" in ancient times, on which every household could not make a fire. One is to pursue the virtuous, and the other is to change the cold food into fire. The ancients believed that new fires should be drilled every year and every quarter to replace the old ones, so as to avoid disasters. Generally speaking, the civil fire ban period is only one day, but in a few places it lasts for three days.
It is forbidden to take photos in graves to sweep graves, which is a very serious matter of ancestor worship and mourning. It is disrespectful to take pictures of the cemetery. Sacrifice must be solemn.
3. Weak children and old people should try not to sweep graves. Most people are sad. Coupled with cold food and rainy weather, the temperature fluctuates greatly. In this case, people are very easy to get sick. The ancients said that if you are in poor health, you are more vulnerable to Yin Qi's attack.
4, do not buy shoes, the ancients thought that shoes and "evil" homophonic, this period of time in a heavy mood, buying shoes will produce bad associations.
5. Don't burn paper indiscriminately. Many grave-sweeping places are in the mountains, and burning paper indiscriminately will cause fires. Be sure to sweep the civilization.
6. On the way away from the polluted wild vegetables, many people will dig some wild vegetables to taste them. However, many wild vegetables have been polluted because they grow beside sewage or roads. Pay attention to food hygiene and don't eat indiscriminately.
7. If you have a bad stomach, be careful to eat Qingtuan Qingtuan, which has become a delicacy among online celebrities, but because Qingtuan is made of wormwood and glutinous rice, it is difficult to digest.