stroke
Stroke is a general term for acute cerebrovascular diseases in traditional Chinese medicine. It is a disease characterized by sudden fainting and unconsciousness, accompanied by mouth deviation, language disorder and hemiplegia. Because of its high incidence, high mortality, high disability rate, high recurrence rate and many complications, the medical community ranks it as one of the three major diseases that threaten human health, along with coronary heart disease and cancer. The importance of preventing stroke has attracted the attention of medical circles at home and abroad, and doctors are exploring preventive measures for stroke from various aspects.
Stroke-common syndrome
① Cold entering the middle, meridian blocking type. Aversion to cold and fever, thin fur and floating pulse. Treatment should dispel wind and dredge collaterals. The prescription is large Gentiana decoction.
② Yin deficiency of liver and kidney and imbalance of wind and yang. Backache and tinnitus, red tongue and thready pulse. Zhengan Xifeng decoction can only be used after nourishing yin and calming wind.
③ Syndrome of phlegm-heat in fu organs, wind-phlegm imbalance. Constipation due to excessive phlegm, greasy fur and slippery pulse. Xiaochengqi decoction can be used to treat phlegm. In addition to midvein symptoms, there are mental symptoms such as drowsiness or ignorance.
It can also be divided into two syndromes:
① Closed syndrome. The symptoms of clenching teeth, firm hands and strong limb spasm are mostly empirical. Yang-closed patients have red fever, greasy fur and slippery pulse. Treating cold, inducing resuscitation, nourishing yin and calming wind should be treated with Zhi Bao Dan Ling Yang Jiao Tang. Yin-closed person has dark face and lips, cold limbs and slow pulse. Xin Wen kai Qiao, phlegm and wind, appropriate use of Su Hexiang pills, Ditan decoction.
② Disengagement syndrome. The symptoms are closed eyes, open mouth, slight nasal snoring and urine in hands. Most of them belong to deficiency syndrome and should be treated with Shenfu Decoction. Some stroke patients will have sequelae, such as hemiplegia and aphasia, which is related to the severity of the disease, timely treatment and nursing.
Etiology of stroke
Understanding of TCM on the etiology of stroke
1. Cumulative losses are declining. "Forty-year-old Yin Qi is already half-aged, and his life is declining." Old and frail, or unable to recover after a long illness, he has lost his qi and blood, and his brain and pulse are not nourished. Qi deficiency leads to weak blood circulation and poor blood flow, which leads to impassability of brain veins; Deficiency of yin and blood leads to yin failing to absorb yang, excessive internal wind, phlegm and blood stasis, and sudden onset. As Jing Yue Quan Shu Fei Feng said: "Most soldiers are dumbfounded, but they are all frustrated by internal injuries."
2. Excessive internal injuries lead to excessive fatigue, consumption of yin essence, excessive fire due to yin deficiency, or failure of yin to absorb yang, which easily makes yang nervous, leading to disharmony between wind and yang, whirling of internal wind, leading to floating of qi and fire, or leading to phlegm and blood stasis.
3. The spleen loses its health by eating fat and mellow wine, which leads to spleen and stomach damage, spleen transportation loss, endogenous phlegm, long-term depression and heat, phlegm-heat junction, meridian stagnation and enlightenment; Or the body of the liver is full, qi stagnation, spleen and soil are broken, and phlegm is endogenous; Or liver depression turns into fire, and excessive body fluid turns into phlegm, which is intertwined with stagnation, carrying the evil of wind and yang, disturbing meridians, resulting in this disease. This is the so-called "wet soil produces phlegm, phlegm produces heat, and heat produces wind" in Danxi's heart stroke. Improper diet, spleen loss of health, passive biochemistry of qi and blood, slight decline of qi and blood, malnutrition of brain pulse, plus excessive emotion, fatigue and other incentives, make qi and blood in disorder, and the gods of the brain useless, resulting in stroke.
4. Too much emotion hurts the liver, qi stagnation, poor blood circulation, and blood stasis in the brain; Anger hurts the liver, liver yang will explode, or heart fire will explode, wind and fire will fan each other, and qi and blood will attack the brain against qi. These are easy to cause qi and blood disorder, disturb the brain and cause stroke. In particular, it is the most common anger that leads to this disease.
According to the comprehensive symptoms, internal injuries caused by dysfunction of zang-fu organs, deficiency of qi and blood, phlegm and blood stasis, fatigue, anxiety and anger, drunkenness and sudden climate change. Blood stasis, phlegm-heat accumulation, or yang wind running, blood against qi, leading to cerebral pulse obstruction or blood overflow, resulting in unconsciousness and stroke. It is located in the brain and closely related to the heart, kidney, liver and spleen. Its pathogenesis includes deficiency (yin deficiency, qi deficiency), fire (liver fire, heart fire), wind (liver wind), phlegm (wind phlegm, wet phlegm), qi (qi inversion) and blood (blood stasis), and these six ends interact with each other under certain conditions. Most diseases are based on deficiency, and the excess is the deficiency. In essence, it is yin deficiency of liver and kidney, and the decline of qi and blood is less. In essence, it is a fan of wind and fire, excessive phlegm and dampness, blood stasis and qi and blood imbalance. Its basic pathogenesis is qi-blood imbalance, which is caused by brain and brain failure.
Stroke-six types and descriptions
Stroke Stroke is the floorboard of acute cerebrovascular disease, which is a kind of disease. This disease is divided into two different types, namely hemorrhagic stroke and ischemic stroke. Hemorrhagic stroke includes cerebral hemorrhage and subarachnoid hemorrhage, and ischemic stroke includes cerebral thrombosis, cerebral embolism, lacunar cerebral infarction and transient ischemic attack.
1. Cerebral hemorrhage is the rupture of blood vessels in the brain and blood overflow, which is the fiercest among the six brothers with the highest mortality and disability rate. Most of them occur in patients with hypertension and arteriosclerosis over 40 years old, with acute onset and fierce momentum. First severe headache, frequent vomiting, and then quickly turn into slurred speech, confusion, lethargy and even coma. At the same time, there will be a limb movement failure, and then hemiplegia. Severe snoring, deep breathing and incontinence are signs of poor prognosis. In the past, drug therapy was the main method to treat cerebral hemorrhage. In recent years, surgical treatment, especially with the cooperation of CT, is a simple and safe method to remove hematoma, which has saved the lives of many patients with cerebral hemorrhage.
2. Subarachnoid hemorrhage is caused by blood flowing into subarachnoid space after intracranial blood vessels rupture. The common causes are cerebral artery rupture caused by intracranial aneurysm, intracranial vascular malformation, hypertension, arteriosclerosis, etc., which are more common in young adults and manifest as acute onset, severe headache, nausea and vomiting. The prognosis of this disease is better than that of cerebral hemorrhage, and most of them can be cured. If it happens repeatedly, it can be treated surgically. The incidence of cerebral thrombosis is the highest among the six stroke brothers, accounting for more than half of all stroke cases. This disease mostly occurs in middle-aged and elderly people aged 55-65, with more males than females. Most patients are in a quiet state at onset, making slow progress and gradually failing one limb, but they are conscious, and some patients may have language barriers. The prognosis of cerebral thrombosis is better than that of cerebral hemorrhage, and the mortality is lower, but some patients will have sequelae such as hemiplegia. Recurrence is the main feature of this disease.
3. Cerebral embolism is an "embolus" formed in other parts of the body (mostly blood vessels in the heart and limbs), which flows into the brain with blood, blocks the cerebral vessels, and causes local tissue ischemia in a certain part of the brain. Most patients with this disease have a history of heart disease, surgery and gynecological surgery (especially patients with rheumatic heart disease). Most patients show acute onset, headache, vomiting and unconsciousness, and some cases may have hemiplegia. The onset age is relatively young, mostly young adults aged 20-40.
4. Lacunar cerebral infarction is a new member of stroke family. This is because before CT appeared, it was difficult to diagnose it. It is characterized by many lesions, and the lesions are small and deep, and the small lesions are smaller than the size of a small grain of rice, which is difficult to find with general medical instruments. On the basis of hypertension and arteriosclerosis, arterioles in the deep brain are occluded, resulting in ischemic lesions in local brain tissue. Because of the small scope of the lesion, most of its clinical manifestations are not obvious or quite slight, and most patients even feel normal. Ordinary people may have symptoms that are easily overlooked, such as inattention and memory loss. Therefore, it is found that the disease mainly depends on CT examination of the brain. The treatment is similar to that of cerebral thrombosis, but the prognosis is better.
5, transient ischemic attack, commonly known as "small stroke." Its pathological basis, like cerebral hemorrhage and cerebral thrombosis, also occurs on the basis of cerebral arteriosclerosis, but the degree of lesion is mild. Most of them occur in middle-aged and elderly people with a history of hypertension or arteriosclerosis. The main manifestations are: the objects in your hand suddenly fall to the ground, one limb is ineffective or paralyzed, the vision of one eye is impaired, or dizziness, tinnitus, dysphagia, language disorder and so on. But the duration is only a few minutes to several hours, and the longest is no more than 24 hours. The symptoms disappear and return to normal. Because of this, many people don't care much about it and treat it as a minor illness. In fact, although it is called a minor stroke, it is not a minor illness. Because its pathological basis is the same as cerebral thrombosis and cerebral hemorrhage, it is often the precursor of these two serious diseases. Therefore, once there is a small stroke, don't be careless. You should go to the hospital as soon as possible for a comprehensive and systematic examination and treatment.
6. Small stroke, which is an extremely important precursor of stroke. The survey shows that people who have had a mild stroke are 16 times more likely to have a stroke than those who have not had a mild stroke. Of every1000 stroke patients, 25 suffer from minor stroke. It can be seen how closely it is related to stroke.
Transient stroke, scientific name transient ischemic attack, is a kind of local cerebral microvascular embolism caused by transient cerebral ischemia, or cerebral vasospasm, or paroxysmal arrhythmia, which leads to transient transient transient cerebral ischemia in narrow cerebral artery.
The clinical manifestations of minor stroke are:
(1). Recently, there have been unexplained numbness or weakness in hands and feet, and sometimes things in your hand suddenly fall to the ground;
(2) Sudden short-term blindness or diplopia or blurred vision;
(3) Sudden aphasia or unclear articulation or difficulty in speaking, but "knowing" (clear consciousness), and quickly returning to normal, leaving no trace;
(4), often have a headache, and sometimes even suddenly faint, but soon wake up;
(5) recent memory impairment, especially in the near future;
(6) Unexplained mental retardation, inattention, decreased work efficiency, and frequent "mistakes" for no reason;
(7) The above performance happened unconsciously without any stimulation, and the duration was very short, only a few seconds or even minutes.
Investigation and statistics show that the following six groups of people are more prone to minor strokes than the general population, and special attention should be paid to them:
(1), with a history of arteriosclerosis;
(2), blood lipid, blood pressure and blood viscosity increased significantly;
(3) Obesity and lack of exercise;
(4) Hypertensive patients who abuse antihypertensive drugs;
(5) Family history of stroke, coronary heart disease or diabetes;
(6) Long-term heavy smokers or drinkers.
In particular, recent research results also found that minor stroke is not only a precursor of stroke, but also closely related to other diseases, including acute myocardial infarction and diabetes. According to American data, the incidence of acute myocardial infarction in 1982 patients with mild stroke is 13 times that of the general population. 225 patients with mild stroke were followed up for 6 years, of which 23% died of myocardial infarction. At the same time, it was found in the survey that 19.3% of patients with mild stroke were complicated with diabetes, which was 7-9 times that of the general population. Why are small stroke patients prone to myocardial infarction and diabetes? The main reason is that the pathological basis of myocardial infarction accords with small stroke, which is the change of atherosclerosis and hemodynamics or coagulation mechanism. Many scholars believe that the change of coagulation mechanism and the normalization of hemodynamics in diabetic patients lead to slow microvascular blood flow, which is easy to cause thrombosis and minor stroke or stroke. According to statistics, the incidence of stroke in diabetic patients is 3-2 1 times that of the general population. Therefore, many scholars believe that stroke, coronary heart disease and diabetes are sister diseases and belong to the same category.
When people realize the above truth, they should pay special attention to the attack of minor stroke. Middle-aged and elderly people should be more alert to minor strokes. Once you find a small stroke, you can neither be careless nor panic. The correct attitude is: immediately go to a larger hospital for further examination, focusing on blood lipid, blood viscosity, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular conditions, blood sugar, urine sugar and other indicators, so as to find the disease as soon as possible, take the primary disease seriously, quit smoking and alcohol and other bad hobbies, live a regular life, eat a reasonable diet, avoid overwork, pay attention to mental health, and maintain a happy and stable mood. If we can adhere to the above points, we can certainly prevent or reduce the occurrence of stroke, coronary heart disease and diabetes.
Pre-stroke signal
Continuous yawning after stroke: When cerebral arteriosclerosis is aggravated, the lumen is narrower and narrower, and cerebral ischemia and hypoxia are aggravated, especially when the respiratory center is hypoxic, yawning reflex will be caused. About 80% people yawn frequently within 5 ~ 10 days before the onset of ischemic stroke, which is an important warning signal.
Stuttering: Salivation symptoms are drooling, drooling, signs of stroke and sudden onset.
After crossing the darkness: suddenly, my eyes are black and I can't see anything, and I will recover after a few seconds or minutes, accompanied by nausea, vomiting, dizziness and disturbance of consciousness. Recently, Norwegian doctor Huang Fengying found that 18 patients with transient amaurosis had carotid atherosclerosis.
Blurred vision: that is, transient visual impairment or visual field defect, usually recovered within 1 hour. Huang Fengying examined the fundus of 10 patients with transient visual impairment and measured the cerebral blood flow.
After stroke, 3 cases of central retinal artery occlusion and 7 cases of branch retinal artery occlusion were found.
Razor landing: refers to shaving with a knife, turning your head to one side and suddenly feeling weak in your arm. The razor fell to the ground, 1 fully recovered after 2 minutes. This is due to the distortion of the neck, which leads to the distortion of the already hardened carotid artery and aggravates the stenosis, resulting in insufficient blood supply to the brain.
Unilateral paralysis: transient ischemic attack, strictly speaking, this is the lightest stroke. According to follow-up observation, more than half of people have ischemic stroke 3 ~ 5 years after transient ischemic attack.
Anyone with one of the above symptoms should be examined as soon as possible, diagnosed clearly and treated systematically, so as to avoid the occurrence of stroke.
Stroke-stroke prone patients
People who are prone to stroke are medically called "stroke-prone patients". People with the following conditions are more likely to have a stroke than the average person.
1) Hypertension: It is a risk factor for stroke, and 80% of stroke patients have a history of hypertension. Stroke is more likely to occur when diastolic blood pressure rises sharply or blood pressure fluctuates greatly.
2) heart disease: coronary atherosclerotic heart disease is often accompanied by cerebral arteriosclerosis; Rheumatic heart disease is easy to cause cerebral thrombosis.
3) Diabetes: About 10o% ~ 30% of stroke patients have diabetes, and diabetic patients have high blood viscosity and arteriosclerosis.
4) Cerebral arteriosclerosis: it is the basis of stroke. At present, it is considered that atherosclerotic cerebral infarction is related to the increase of blood cholesterol and low density lipoprotein.
5) Others: cervical spondylosis, pregnancy and delivery, age, sex, obesity, smoking and drinking, impatience, climate and season are all risk factors.
Stroke check
After a stroke, doctors need to do some other tests besides examining the patient's body. But the specific items should be selected according to the patient's condition and economic situation. The following are some commonly used clinical examination items:
(l) Brain CT scan: The diagnostic rate of brain CT for hemorrhagic stroke is 100%, and the diagnostic rate for ischemic stroke is over 85%. However, it should be noted that the ischemic puerperium can not be clearly shown until 24 hours after onset. Therefore, if it is not necessary, it is best to wait until 24 hours after the stroke.
(2) Determination of blood sugar and urine sugar: The treatment and prognosis of stroke patients are closely related to whether they have diabetes. The fasting blood glucose of acute stroke exceeds11.12 mmol/L, which indicates that the hypothalamus is seriously damaged and the mortality rate is high. Therefore, even if there is no history of diabetes, blood sugar and urine sugar should be monitored. The level of blood sugar and urine sugar is an important basis for doctors to determine the treatment plan. This is because transient hyperglycemia can occur after stroke, and some patients are not sure whether they have diabetes in the past.
(3) Examination of hemorheology: Hemorheology is a science that specializes in studying the deformation law of blood and its components. The change of hemorheological characteristics is closely related to the occurrence and prognosis of stroke. The whole blood viscosity, plasma viscosity, hematocrit, fibrinogen and platelet aggregation rate of most patients with cerebral infarction have increased to varying degrees. Generally speaking, if the blood is too thick, it will affect the cerebral circulation, which is not conducive to the recovery of stroke. Therefore, it is very necessary for stroke patients to check hemorheology indexes regularly.
(4) Total number and classification of white blood cells: The total number of white blood cells is closely related to the prognosis of stroke. According to clinical observation, patients with white blood cell count below 10× 109/ L have a better prognosis, while patients with white blood cell count above 20× 109/ L have a higher mortality. White blood cell count is also helpful for the diagnosis of stroke. Generally speaking, the white blood cells in acute stage of hemorrhagic stroke are often elevated, while the white blood cells and classification of ischemic stroke are mostly within the normal range.
(5) Eosinophil count: The number of eosinophils varies with diseases. The more serious the condition, the less eosinophils; The condition improved and the number of eosinophils gradually recovered. If eosinophils gradually decrease, 1 ~ 2 weeks later still does not recover, and the prognosis is often poor.
(6) Magnetic resonance imaging: Compared with CT, MRI has no X-ray radiation effect, so it has no obvious damage to human body, clear image hierarchy and high resolution. Its disadvantages are: first, it is expensive, and the corresponding inspection costs are also high; Second, patients with pacemakers should not use them; Third, the imaging time is long, and it is difficult for critically ill patients to receive head scanning for up to 40 minutes. In view of the above reasons, we think that MRI is not the first choice for patients with acute stroke.
(7) Cerebrospinal fluid lumbar puncture examination: Cerebrospinal fluid lumbar puncture examination is of great significance to clarify the nature of stroke. However, with the application of more advanced examination methods such as CT and MRI, cerebrospinal fluid examination is no longer a necessary diagnostic method for stroke.
(8) Blood lipids: Blood lipids related to stroke are mainly triglycerides, cholesterol, β lipoprotein, etc. Although it can't be concluded that there is a direct relationship between blood lipids and the incidence of stroke, hyperlipidemia is one of the inducing factors of arteriosclerosis, and routine examination should be carried out.
(9) Brain ultrasound: The greatest value of brain ultrasound (A ultrasound) is to observe whether the midline is displaced. If the midline shift occurs on the first day of onset, it often indicates intracranial hematoma and hemorrhagic stroke; The shift of midline wave after two days suggested that it was caused by cerebral infarction with brain edema. If this displacement does not recover for a long time, it means that there is encephalomalacia and brain edema, and the prognosis is poor. Brain ultrasound examination is simple, safe and practical.
(10) rheoencephalogram: REG for short. It has certain reference value for judging the nature of cerebral arteriosclerosis and cerebrovascular diseases.
(1 1) EEG: the dynamic changes of EEG are of guiding significance for judging the prognosis of stroke. If the EEG changes are getting worse, it often indicates a bad prognosis, otherwise the prognosis is better.
(12) Digital Subtraction Angiography (DSA): It is of great significance for the diagnosis of ischemic vascular disease, aneurysm, arteriovenous malformation and moyamoya disease. Although it is an invasive examination, it can visually display the vascular structure and can also be used for interventional therapy. It is estimated that DSA will become more and more popular with the development of medicine.
(13) Other auxiliary examinations: in addition to the above examinations, cortical evoked potential, cerebral blood flow measurement, Doppler ultrasound, brain topographic map, levels of various trace elements, hormone levels (such as T3 and T4), etc. There are also different stroke reference values. Elderly people suffering from stroke should also have their heart and kidney functions checked.
Stroke-Preventive Measures for Patients
Stroke 1, hypertension is the most dangerous factor of stroke, and it is also the central link to prevent stroke. We should effectively control blood pressure, insist on long-term medication, and observe the changes of blood pressure for a long time in order to deal with it in time.
2. Controlling and reducing transient cerebrovascular ischemic attack (that is, transient hemiplegia, weakness or dizziness, diplopia, dysphagia, unstable walking and other symptoms) is the key link to prevent stroke. Once a minor stroke occurs, it is necessary to pay close attention to systematic treatment immediately, and a complete stroke is possible to avoid.
3. Pay attention to the premonitory symptoms of stroke such as dizziness, headache, numbness of limbs, lethargy and abnormal personality, and take treatment measures to avoid the occurrence of stroke.
4. Eliminate the inducing factors of stroke, such as mood swings, excessive fatigue and overexertion. Should be self-controlled and avoided.
5, timely treatment of diseases that may cause stroke, such as arteriosclerosis, diabetes, coronary heart disease, hyperlipidemia, hyperviscosity, sexual behavior, obesity, cervical spondylosis, etc.
6. The diet should have a reasonable structure, mainly low in salt, fat and cholesterol, and eat more soy products, vegetables and fruits. Avoid smoking and drinking less, and the daily drinking amount should not exceed 100 ml (liquor). Check blood sugar and blood lipid regularly.
7. Insisting on physical exercise and physical activity can promote the decomposition of cholesterol, reduce blood lipids, reduce platelet aggregation, and relieve mental stress and fatigue.
8. Pay attention to psychological prevention, keep cheerful and emotionally stable. Do a regular life, combine work and rest, keep defecation unobstructed, and avoid a sharp rise in blood pressure caused by forced defecation, which in turn leads to cerebrovascular diseases.
Stroke patients should pay attention to keep warm and prevent colds when the climate changes; Don't use your brain too much; Be careful when going out at ordinary times to prevent falling; Get up, bow your head, tie your shoelaces and other daily activities should be slow; Bathing time should not be too long; Pay attention to the treatment of primary diseases and prevent the recurrence of cerebrovascular diseases. According to different causes, insist on treatment and review necessary items regularly. In order to prevent recurrence, the above precautions should be paid enough attention.
Pathogenic factors of stroke
1. Hypertension, obesity, smoking and depression are risk factors for stroke, while other factors can also lead to stroke.
Cold 1, climate
In the study, it is found that the susceptibility to stroke in late autumn and early spring is related to the temperature below 0℃, and it is mostly within 72 hours of the sudden drop of temperature. Therefore, paying attention to the weather at 0℃, preventing colds in time and taking medicine are powerful measures to prevent stroke.
2. Time
The investigation of stroke also found that 12 the incidence of stroke was as high as 79% from early morning to noon. So it is better to take antihypertensive drugs and antithrombotic drugs after getting up.
3. heredity
People with family history have a higher risk of stroke than those without family history 10 times. Therefore, people have to consider whether they belong to the high-risk group of stroke when preventing stroke.
4. protein is low.
According to the latest data of the International Stroke Association, if the plasma albumin is too low, the accuracy of predicting stroke is as high as 75%, which is higher than high fibrin and hyperglycemia. As far as stroke prevention is concerned, it is more important to eat high-protein foods such as fish, eggs and bean products than low-fat diets.
5. Magnesium deficiency
A study in Japan found that people who lack magnesium are prone to stroke. Pay attention to the intake of magnesium-containing foods such as seafood, dark vegetables and hard-shell nuts, which can prevent the occurrence of stroke.
Second, high blood pressure is also a stroke.
There are two types of strokes. One is cerebral vascular rupture caused by hypertension, which is called hemorrhagic stroke, such as cerebral hemorrhage and subarachnoid hemorrhage; The other is the stroke caused by cerebral atherosclerosis, which is called ischemic stroke, such as cerebral thrombosis and cerebral embolism.
If patients with hypertension take too many antihypertensive drugs, their blood pressure will suddenly drop sharply, which will affect the blood supply to the brain, slow down the blood flow to the brain, increase the blood viscosity, and easily deposit platelets and fibrin in the blood to form thrombus, block the cerebral vessels and cause ischemic stroke.
Therefore, in the process of active treatment of hypertension patients, blood pressure must be gentle, not too fast, in case of overcorrection.
Third, "emotional heatstroke" leads to stroke
In hot summer, people tend to be irritable, irritable, upset and furious, which psychologists call "emotional heatstroke". In the normal population, about 16% people will have "emotional heatstroke" in summer, especially when the temperature exceeds 35℃, the sunshine time exceeds 12 hours and the humidity is higher than 80%, the proportion of "emotional heatstroke" will rise sharply. "Emotional heatstroke" is very harmful to health in summer. Especially for the elderly, "getting angry" can cause myocardial ischemia, arrhythmia, hypertension, and even stroke and sudden death.
Preventing "emotional heatstroke" from physiological and psychological perspectives is an important part of high temperature health preservation in summer. The key is psychological adjustment. Always remind yourself to be calm, calm and calm again. The hotter, the more "calm" you are, and you are calm and calm when you encounter something. According to the characteristics of hot weather in summer, long days and short nights, we should adjust and arrange the work and study plan in time, pay attention to our daily life in summer, and ventilate the room, so that the hot air around the human body can dissipate quickly, reduce air pollution and make people feel "cool".
Emotion is also closely related to sleep. If you don't get enough sleep, your mood will become impatient. Therefore, we should arrange a strict bedtime for ourselves in summer, and take a nap at noon, usually 30 minutes to 1 hour. Patients with hypertension should pay attention to lowering blood pressure. Generally, in summer, high blood pressure is controlled at 120~ 140, and low blood pressure is controlled at 80~90.
Fourth, dehydration of the body leads to stroke.
Drinking more water is a cerebrovascular disease, which can be divided into hemorrhagic stroke and ischemic stroke. When the summer is hot and the temperature is above 32℃, the regulation of body temperature mainly depends on sweat evaporation, which produces more than 1000 ml of sweat every day. Although sweating can take away heat, it is good for heatstroke prevention. However, sweating is easy to dehydrate, and the elderly, especially those with hypertension, hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia, hypotension, diabetes or cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, are less sensitive to water shortage, and the dehydrated blood will become more viscous and the brain will be severely ischemic. Young people can carry out self-regulation of cardiovascular function, while the elderly have poor regulation function, and with the growth of age, the degree of arteriosclerosis will increase, which is prone to stroke.
Countermeasure: Don't wait for thirst before drinking water.
Because stroke is mainly caused by dehydration, drinking more water is the best preventive measure. Drink more water in summer, especially for the elderly. Old people have less water than young people 1/3. In addition, when sweating in hot weather, the body is more short of water. Therefore, even if the elderly are not thirsty, not being thirsty does not mean that they are not short of water. They should drink more than 1000 ml of water every day, drink more boiled water and drink some light tea properly. The daily urine output shall not be less than 1000 ml, so as to ensure that the blood can be diluted, maintain sufficient blood volume, reduce blood viscosity, discharge poisons, and reduce the burden on the heart and kidneys. Especially when sweating too much or having a fever or diarrhea, drink plenty of water to facilitate blood dilution, promote blood circulation in the brain and prevent embolism. Stroke usually occurs in the morning, because people know to take the initiative to replenish water when they are awake, but when they sleep, their bodies are relatively static and in a state of low metabolism, so they can't drink water in time, so their blood is sticky and slow, which is particularly prone to stroke. Therefore, it is best for the elderly to drink a glass of water before going to bed, wake up 1~2 times at night, and replenish water regularly.
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