Old people who stay in bed for a long time must live in a clean, tidy and quiet environment. Try to consider the convenience, comfort and safety of the elderly. The room should be ventilated regularly every day to keep the air fresh and sunny. Room temperature should be kept between 18-20℃ and humidity 50%-60%.
Some flowers and green plants can be placed in the room to increase vitality and enhance the confidence and courage of the elderly in fighting diseases. You can play some pleasant light music to the elderly appropriately, which will help to ease their emotions and speed up the rehabilitation process.
2, diet care.
(1) When the elderly in bed eat, try to sit down to prevent coughing. The bedside needs to be raised at an angle of 45, and the pillow is placed under the neck to facilitate swallowing food. At the same time, you can use the small table opposite the bed to let the old people see the food to increase their appetite.
(2) In order to prevent the elderly from spilling food during meals, wear napkins before meals, so that the elderly can eat with confidence and will not be nervous for fear of spilling food.
(3) With the aid of assistive devices, try to encourage the elderly to eat by themselves. Eating is not only the need of survival, but also brings spiritual pleasure. If you need to feed, don't feed too fast, and then continue feeding after swallowing.
(4) When you start eating, you need to drink a small amount of water and soup. In addition, when drinking tea or soup, you can use a cup with a mouth or a cup that is easy to hold and difficult to hold, so as to prevent the old people from wetting the sheets while eating, resulting in humiliation.
(5) The shape of meals should depend on the physical function of the elderly, such as small pieces, small pieces, filaments, rice balls, etc. In short, it is necessary to facilitate the elderly to eat.
(6) Rinse your mouth with water or tea after meals to keep your mouth clean. We should encourage the elderly to develop the good habit of gargling after meals.
3. Excretion nursing.
For the elderly with mobility difficulties, excretion is also a big problem, which needs the help and comfort of nursing staff around. Long-term bed rest, incontinence, timely anti-infection treatment for infectious diseases in nursing, psychological care is essential, and basic nursing skills are also very important.
First of all, it is necessary to analyze the age, condition, causes and time of urinary incontinence in the elderly, and make a personalized nursing plan according to the analysis. If the elderly are awake, but weak and involuntarily defecate, this situation can be achieved by observing the defecation law of the elderly, and then formulating and arranging a nursing plan for defecation according to the law, so as to achieve purposeful and prepared active nursing and reduce the number of bedridden urination and defecation.
If the effect of lifting the leakage branch is not good, the catheter can be indwelling according to the actual situation, and the urethra can be disinfected 1-2 times a day, and routine nursing can be carried out according to the indwelling catheter. The stool should be cleaned in time, and tannic acid ointment should be properly applied to protect the perianal skin.
4. Strengthen physical exercise.
Old people who stay in bed for a long time should prevent muscle atrophy, and nursing staff should help them do functional exercise and massage the whole body every day with gentle methods. When the elderly can't take the initiative to exercise, they should lie in bed and exercise passively every day.