With the rapid development of economy, the main social pension modes are still divided into three categories:

Institutional pension, home pension and community pension.

1, institutional pension

Institutional pension usually refers to living in nursing homes, sanatoriums and apartments for the elderly.

Nursing homes, the main adoption targets are five-guarantee elderly people, conditional nursing homes, and also accept self-funded elderly people who enjoy pensions.

Nursing homes are divided into ordinary nursing homes and "combination of medical care and nursing" nursing homes. Most nursing homes provide basic life care, life care, cultural entertainment and other services. The "combination of medical care and nursing" nursing home mainly accepts the disabled, semi-disabled, demented, chronic disease rehabilitation and hospice care for the elderly. In addition to meeting the daily diet, nursing, entertainment and social activities of the elderly, there are also professionally trained nursing staff who can ensure the mental health of the elderly. Relying on the excellent medical conditions of the hospital, they provide services such as chronic disease management, emergency treatment, rehabilitation physiotherapy and health management to improve the quality of life of the elderly.

The apartment for the elderly is an apartment-style apartment for the elderly, which is designed for the elderly to live in concentration and conforms to the physical and mental characteristics of the elderly. With catering, sanitation, culture and entertainment, medical care service system, it is a comprehensive management residence.

Advantages of institutional pension: Many elderly people choose institutional pension because institutions can provide more professional care, especially nursing homes that combine medical care with nursing care, which can take care of the elderly, support patients and reduce the pressure on their children.

Insufficient: Some elderly people who live in old-age care institutions will feel abandoned by their children and feel lonely because they don't adapt to the new environment.

2. Home care for the elderly

Home-based care for the elderly, whether in urban or rural areas, is family-centered and relies on children's relatives to provide for the elderly.

Changsha Home Care Service Regulations have been approved and will be implemented on June 65438+ 10/day, 2022.

For home-based care services, the Regulations have a clear definition:

Home-based care for the aged refers to a social service based on family, supported by community (village) and social security system, which consists of basic government services, professional services of enterprises, institutions and social organizations, grassroots self-governing organizations and volunteer public welfare services, and provides life care, home care and spiritual comfort for the elderly at home.

The Regulations also clarify the scope of home care services:

Home care services should give priority to ensuring the demand for home care services for eligible widowed, disabled, severely disabled, elderly, family planning special families, key entitled groups and other personnel.

This means that the general family elders, if the conditions can not meet the conditions of enjoying the government's home-based care services, still have to rely on their children's relatives to take care of them.

Advantages of home-based care for the elderly: the elderly can maintain a good state in a familiar environment and have more intimate interaction time with their families.

Insufficient: Taking care of the elderly is a task that consumes physical strength and energy, especially the elderly who need long-term care, which is a huge challenge for families. If the elderly live alone, sudden illness or accident is not found in time, and the consequences are unimaginable.

3. Community pension

Community-based old-age care model is based on day care, life care, domestic service and spiritual comfort for the elderly, with door service and community day care as the main forms of old-age care services.

This model draws lessons from the popular "old-age center" model in Russia, the United States and Japan, that is, the family sends the elderly to the center in the morning and takes them home at night.

The popular name in China is "community day care center for the elderly"

In the community care center, the elderly will be arranged various activities, such as playing cards, mahjong, karaoke, playing chess, guessing, origami, drawing and learning to use smart phones. These recreational activities can not only relax the elderly, but also have the opportunity to communicate and interact with more people, which also helps to delay mental decline.

Advantages of the community-based pension model: This model not only provides convenient services for the elderly, but also meets their psychological needs, so that the elderly have a stable life, and at the same time reduces the daily care burden of their children.

Disadvantages: At present, most elderly people in good health are actually reluctant to go to the foster care center, while those in poor health may not be accepted by the foster care center, so there will be embarrassing situations.

Of course, there are other ways to support the elderly in society, such as traveling, holding a group, and taking care of the countryside.

For example, old-age tourism, also known as migratory bird pension, has realized the dream of making money hard when you are young and traveling around for a holiday when your body and money permit after retirement.

No matter what kind of old-age care, it is best to find a suitable old-age care for yourself and your family.