A. Not in harmony with Wei Nanle, the same officer: He Qia B. Knowing the soldiers from the light: presiding, in charge
C. theories requiring final training and weapons removal
Except: repairing D. power, all major policies are based on this power: taking power.
6. In the following sentences, the group that directly expresses Xu Guangqi's strategy of "retreat for progress" is ().
(1) If you choose the strategy of others, the pickaxe will fail; (2) Keep the container thick and strictly abide by the law. (3) Empty city planning Shenyang, strong cooperation.
(4) Please use the former method urgently to reinforce the fence and make it broad and peaceful.
⑤ The system of promoting stack guards and firearms ⑤ Chen is well known.
A.①②⑤ B.②④⑤ C.③④⑥ D.③⑤⑥
7. The following analysis and summary of the relevant contents of the original text is incorrect ().
A. At the end of the Ming Dynasty, Dongjiang River was in danger. Xu Guangqi wrote to the imperial court, resolutely opposed the practice of "invading everywhere", and then wrote to Xiong Tingbi, the governor of Liaodong, many times to defend his defense strategy.
B Xu Guangqi predicted that General Du was completely annihilated and Zunhua fell. All the results of the development of the situation showed his keen insight and far-reaching strategic vision of the war situation.
C. Xu Guangqi inherited the legacy of his late father's "brave retreat" all his life, and put forward defensive strategies many times. Unfortunately, due to various reasons, his defensive strategy has never been implemented.
D. all parties in the imperial court are in the same boat. Xu Guangqi remains neutral and does not please any party. He just tries his best to learn knowledge and do things sincerely. His attitude and practice won the respect of the emperor.
8. Translate underlined sentences in classical Chinese reading materials into modern Chinese. (10)
(1) Therefore, the reader thinks of five or six fingers, which is difficult to understand. (3 points)
(2) It is not advisable to take soldiers who don't practice and wave outside the city, resulting in mental loss and the city is cold. (4 points)
(3) Rich countries should rely on their own industries, while powerful countries should rely on their own armies. (3 points)
5.d (right: balance. )
6.B(① It is expected that Levin will fail after operation; (3) Xiong Tingbi, the governor of Liaodong, was the policy to resist aggression; ⑥ is the author's evaluation of Guangqi's all-round strategy. )
7.c ("never implemented", contrary to the statement.
The facts. After the fall of Zunhua, it was precisely because of the implementation of Xu Guangqi's "promotion and keeping the stack". The defensive strategy of "firearms, walking and attracting" is the only way to calm the war. )
8.( 1) Therefore, the reader is thinking about five or six fingers, which is not easy to know. (3 points)
Therefore, people who read his articles will not be in a hurry to understand (his articles) unless they think deeply about the meanings of the fifth and sixth layers.
Scoring suggestions: ① Smooth and meaningful. (1) ② refers to "purport" and meaning. (1) ③ Sudden: Sudden, sudden. ( 1)
(2) It is not advisable to take soldiers who don't practice and wave outside the city, resulting in mental loss and the city is cold. (4 points)
But we must not rashly deploy untrained soldiers outside the city, so that (the army) loses its fighting spirit and the city defense is thin.
Scoring suggestions: ① Smooth and meaningful. (1)②No.: However. (1 min) ③ Wave: reckless, reckless, reckless. (1) ④ Cold: make ... thin. ( 1)
(3) Rich countries should rely on their own industries, while powerful countries should rely on their own armies. (3 points)
To make the country rich, we must rely on agriculture; To make the country strong, we must rely on a well-trained army.
2. Read the following classical Chinese and complete 1 1. C (slightly: gradually) 2. B (item a, the first is the preposition "zai" and the second is the preposition "dui".
Item b, the whole structure auxiliary word, cancels the subject-predicate independence and does not translate. In item C, the first is the preposition "Yong" and the second is the preposition "Because".
Item D, the first is the adverb "then, then", and the second is the conjunction "que". ) 3.C (1) explains that Li's following the energy number does not reflect the strategic vision.
⑤ Describe that Li Zunji abides by the law and does not use violence to control violence. Marshal didn't listen to Li's advice, which led to Jiao's failure.
) Li is from Surabaya, Yanzhou. At first, An Lushan rebelled, and Li followed Yan Yun's efforts to activate Yuanhao, and won many awards for meritorious military service until he led the right-back.
Subsequently, he followed Zhuo Yuan in his crusade against two traitors, Yuan Chao and Chen Zhuang, and tried to be imprisoned in the temple many times. He is under the command of Xue Jian, our host in Zhejiang. Xue Xun was transferred to Taiyuan, accompanied by Li, and served as an officer in Hedong.
After Xue Jianxun's death, he succeeded to the throne, and Li Wei was the general. At that time, it happened to catch up with the invasion of Uighur. So he ordered General Jiao and Du Lingbing to meet him.
Li Dui said: "Uighurs have come from afar to seek war. We can't compete with them. On their way back, they built two forts and sent troops to station there. The Uighur army can't fight, and when it is tired, it will retreat on its own.
When they retreat, we will send troops to attack. Even if we can't win, the soldiers will be in a mess. At present, it is the best policy to build two forts and cut off their way home. "
Bao Fang didn't listen, urged Jiao and Du to go to war, and met the Uighur army. Jiao and Du were defeated, and Li became famous for it.
Ma Sui took the place of viceroy, and the court appointed Li as the secretariat of Daizhou, and concurrently served as the suggestion and strategist. Li is diligent, prudent and resourceful, and Ma Su trusts him very much.
In the Middle Ages, Tian Yue rebelled and Ma Sui and Li Baozhen marched eastward. Li Chang was the general of Hedong, who took the lead and defeated Tian Yue. By the time Li Huaiguang courted in the river, Li was already the commander-in-chief of Hedong Army, with the greatest exploits before and after.
Most of the fame established by Ma Sui was the result of Li's assistance. In the third year of Zhenyuan, Li followed Ma Sui into the DPRK, and the court relieved Ma Sui of his military power. I want to replace Ma Sui with Lee.
Li declined politely on the grounds of long-term service for Ma Sui. He didn't want to replace Ma Sui as a military commander and was praised by public opinion, so he was appointed as General You Longwu. Because Hedong is close to Hu Rong, it is difficult for Dezong to choose the right person to be the commander of this department. The next day, I came to thank Li. The emperor said to him, "It's true that you reserved the rank for Ma Sui out of courtesy, but as the protection of the northern gateway, no one can replace you.
"On the same day, awarded the title of Shangshu of the Ministry of Industry, and concurrently served as an adviser to the imperial history, Taiyuan Yin, left behind by Beidu, and field observation ambassador of Hedong Jiedu Camp. In the town for nine years, because of simplicity and diligence, the military and civilians are convinced.
Although Li is a soldier, his behavior follows laws and regulations, and he generally does not use violence against people. In May of 11th year, he died in the army at the age of 63. The emperor felt very sorry for him, because he didn't go to court for a day, and he was posthumously awarded as a left servant and given cloth, silk, rice and millet.
3. Curse defects and cut the ground. The answer in classical Chinese is that Chu is cutting land and the army is at the south gate. Mo Ao said, "The land is small and light, and the light is small. Please try to lure it." As a result, the twisted person won 30 people. Tomorrow, people will fight for it and drive Chu to serve in the mountains. The Chu people sat in the north gate to cover the mountain, and the defeat was attributed to the door alliance.
1, explain the underlined words in the following sentences.
Chu cut and twisted, and the army was at the south gate. (Army: stationed) From there, the stranded people won 30 people. (from: obedience)
The Chu people sit at its north gate and cover the mountain. (Zhu: Hu, middle)
2. Translate the following sentences into modern Chinese.
Strangulation is small and light, and light is short, so please seduce those who have no choice. -elementary school students are frivolous, frivolous and lack of ideas. Please don't defend the woodcutter, use it to lure them.
3. Why did Chu Jun win? -take advantage of the frivolous weakness of the local villain and ambush the enemy to win.
4. Gou Jian destroyed Wu Wenyan, who lived in Huiji, the king of Yue, and ordered the three armies to say, "My father, brother, brother Kun and surname can help me retire from Wu and know the politics of Yue." The doctor planted the seeds and said to him, "I heard that Jia people are rich in skin in summer, rich in boats in winter, rich in boats in drought and rich in cars in water for emergencies." Although the husband has no worries in all aspects, the advisers and minions still have to raise and choose. For example, when it rains, be sure to ask. Today, as the king lives in a meeting, he asks for a consultant. Is there nothing to do? "Gou Jian said," If you have heard of Dr. Zi, where did it come from? "Hold their hands and seek with them.
Therefore, he made him walk in Wu, saying, "My widowed gentleman Gou Jian has nothing to do, so he made him obey, and he dared not hear what the king said. In private, the deacon said, "My apprentice is not enough to humiliate you; I am willing to treat your shame with jade and children. Please let Gou Jian be the king, the doctor be the doctor, and the scholar be the scholar. The treasure of Yue has never been delayed! A widowed gentleman is handsome, and those who go abroad follow his mentor. Only you can control it. If the sin of Yue State is unforgivable, the ancestral temple will be burned down and Shen Jinyu will be in the river. Five thousand people with armor will die, but occasionally there will be men. So if you don't have armor, you will hurt the king's love. It is better to get this country than to kill people. What are the benefits? "
Fu Cha will listen to it and enter it. Zi Xu remonstrated and said, "No! Wu Zhi and Ye Yue, enemies of enemy countries; Surrounded by three rivers, the people did not move. If there is force, there is no more, and if there is more, there is no force. Will not be changed! Members heard that: land lives on land, water lives on water, and husband goes to the party and country. I won by attacking, so I can't live in my place or take my car. When my husband crossed the country, I attacked and won. I can live on his land and take his boat. This has its advantages and must not be lost. You must destroy it! You will regret losing this benefit. "
Dressed as eight beauties, the Vietnamese said cruelly, "I forgive the crime of crossing the country, and those who have beautiful women enter." Taizai protested: "I have heard of ancient conquerors, but I just believe;" Now that I have served, what can I ask for? " Fu rubbed it and left.
Gou Jian said to his countrymen, "I don't know my strength, but I bear a grudge against a big country and it is my sin to expose the bones of the people in the Central Plains." Please be more! "So he buried the dead, ask the injured and health; If you worry, you will be happy; See you off and welcome you; Eliminate the evil of the people and make up for their shortcomings. Then Fu Cha humble, there are three hundred officials in Wu, relatives are Fu Cha's former horse.
Goujian's land, there are no sentences in the south, there are dangers in the north, there are Yin in the east, and there are ancient secrets in the west. It is the oath of his parents and Kundi: I have heard of ancient saints, people from all directions return to them, and if the water returns, it will also go down. I can't do it now, but I will be a couple of a general and two or three sons. Make strong men not take old women, and make old people not take strong wives; If a woman doesn't get married at the age of seventeen, her parents are guilty; If the husband refuses to take twenty, his parents are guilty. Exemptions will be prosecuted and doctors will be ordered to keep them. Give birth to a husband, two pots of wine and a dog; Give birth to a girl, two pots of wine and a dolphin; Give birth to three people, a man and a woman; Give birth to two sons and marry them. When the prisoner dies, he will be released from his management within three years; Zhi Zi died and released his government in March; I will cry and be buried like my son. Solitary, widowed, rash, poor patients, official's son; Its big stone, living in its home, beautiful clothes, full food, and diligent. People from all directions will come to the temple with courtesy. Gou Jian took rice and fat with him on the boat. The wanderers of obedient children in the country are all fed and drowned, so be sure to ask their names. Don't eat what you plant, don't eat what you weave, and your wife doesn't wear what she weaves. If you don't get it from the state for ten years, everyone will have food for three years.
Father of the country and brother of the country, please say, "Fu Cha was ashamed of being a vassal of my king's country, but now he has gone to Yue, please report!" Gou Jian said: "The past wars were not the sins of two or three sons, but also my sins. If I am a person, how can I be safe and ashamed? Please don't fight! " Father and brother asked again, "within four letters, I want to kiss my father and brother." A son wants to get back at his parents, and a minister wants to get back at your father. How dare he not try his best? Please fight again! " When Gou Jian promised, he swore to his own people. He said: "when I heard about the ancient sages, I was not suffering from his shortcomings, but ashamed of his lack of ambition." Today, 30 million people in Fucha are the best in clothes, water and rhinoceros. They are not ashamed of their lack of ambition, but suffer from their own shortcomings. Today, I will help heaven destroy it. I don't want a person to be brave, but I hope he can handle it with ease. Think about rewards when you enter, and think about punishment when you leave; In this way, there will often be returns. If you don't live, you will * * *; In this case, there is a regular punishment. "
If it works, the Chinese will persuade it. A father encourages his son, a brother encourages his brother, and a woman encourages her husband, saying, "Who is a gentleman and not dead?" Therefore, Wu Yu was defeated, but he was defeated, and he was defeated in the suburbs.
Fu Cha succeeded, saying, "My mentoring is not enough to humiliate you! Please use good words, son, shame you! " Gou Jian said to him, "In the past, the State of Yue gave it to the State of Wu, but the State of Wu did not obey orders; Now, with Wu, are you more resigned to fate than to destiny? I invite Wang Yong and Zhu Dong, you and me! " Focha said to him, "I'll have a meal first. If you don't forget Zhou Shi and hurt Chen Yu, this is also my wish. If you say,' I will destroy your country and your ancestral temple.' Please go to hell! How should I look at the world? Yue Jun came second. "
Destroy Wu.
5. Translate {Biography of Songshi Ou Yangxun} 1. So Ou Yangxun was ordered to cede China to the State of Jin.
2.( 1) Ou Yangxun argued, fought against the Jin people, and opposed the division of land for peace;
(2) Being defeated is straight; If you cut the land without fighting, you will take songs in the future. It means losing the city after defeat, and taking it back later becomes a matter of course; It will be unreasonable to take back the soldiers who defeated others without fighting.
3. Ou Yangxun argued during the attack of Jin, which reflected Ou Yangxun's patriotic feelings and long-term strategic vision. Suspected by the Prime Minister, he sent him to the front to cut China for the State of Jin. He resolutely went and made up his mind to die. When he arrived in Shenzhou, he rebelled against the imperial mission, persuaded the soldiers in Shenzhou to be loyal and patriotic, and was finally killed by the Jin people. This shows that Ou Yangxun firmly believes that he is dead and knows that he can't do it.
Seen from the 700-mile-long Three Gorges, the mountains on both sides of the Three Gorges are endless. The mountains overlap, blocking the sun and the sky. If it weren't for noon, the sun and the moon would never be seen.
In summer, when the flood overflows the hills, the upward and downward directions are blocked. Sometimes the imperial edict needs urgent communication, so, although it is as many as 1200 Li from Bai Di to Jiangling, it will arrive in the morning and evening. Even if you ride a galloping horse, the driver's gale is not so fast.
In spring and winter, white rapids and dark green beaches swirl with the clear waves, reflecting the scenery on both sides. There are many strange cypress trees growing on the high peaks. There are waterfalls flowing down the cliffs, flying flowers splashing among the peaks, the water is clear and the trees are glorious, and the mountains and grasses are lush. It is really interesting.
In the frosty morning in Chu Qing in autumn, the Woods are bleak and calm, Shan Ye is silent, and the long cries of apes are endless. The sad voice was abnormal and echoed in the valley for a long time, so the fisherman said, "The Wuxia Gorge of the Three Gorges in Badong is the longest. Hearing this, the ape's clothes were wet with tears.
Lack of common words.
Author The author of this article is Li Daoyuan, an outstanding geographer and essayist in the Northern Wei Dynasty. His Notes on Water Mirror is the most comprehensive and systematic comprehensive geographical work in ancient China, with gorgeous words and beautiful language.
The ancient and modern synonym 1, or the king's emergency declaration (or ancient meaning: sometimes)
(or modern meaning: related words often used to choose complex sentences)
2. As for the water Xiangling (as for the ancient meaning: a verb "to" and a preposition "to")
As for the present meaning: often linked together, it means to mention another thing.
1, the sentence written on the hillside is: I haven't seen the rising moon since midnight.
2. On the edge of the article, the sentence of Xiahe running is: Or your life is in a hurry, sometimes you send Baidi to Jiangling at dusk, and you can ride Wan Li Road in the meantime. Although you ride against the wind, you don't get sick.
3. The sentence to write a panoramic view of the Three Gorges is: The two sides of the Three Gorges are connected by mountains, except for 32313353236313032313635333E78988E6983313333633. Rocks piled up like mountains, blocking the sun and the sky.
The sentence that the two sides of the strait are connected with mountains is: the two sides of the strait are connected with mountains, and nothing is lacking.
The sentence about the height of the mountain is: the mountains overlap and the sky covers the sun.
6. Li Bai's poem, which is associated with the rapid flow of the Three Gorges, is "Building Baidi City early".
7. The author wrote about the characteristics of eight kinds of scenery in spring, summer, autumn and winter, which gave the author a clear, brilliant, magnificent and interesting feeling.
8. The sentence describing the overall characteristics of the Three Gorges scenery is: Every morning, first frost is cold and miserable in the Woods.
9. The characteristics of the Three Gorges River in summer are: Xiangling in summer and blocking along the back. Although you walk against the wind, you are not ill.
10, visually, write the sentence that the two sides are connected with mountains: 700 miles from the Three Gorges, the two sides are connected with mountains, and nothing is lacking. Rocks piled up, blocking the sunshine in the sky, and there was no sunrise since midnight.
1 1. The sentence describing the summer scenery of the Three Gorges is: As for the fragrant mausoleum in summer, it is blocked along the back. Or the king ordered an emergency notice, sometimes going to Baidicheng and going to Jiangling at dusk. During this period, although he took the wind, he didn't get sick.
12. the sentence describing the scenery of the three Gorges in spring and summer is: in spring and summer, the green pool is surging and the reflection is clear. There are many strange cypresses, hanging springs and waterfalls, flying in the meantime, magnificent and interesting.
13. The sentence describing the Three Gorges autumn scenery is: Every sunny day with the first frost, the forest is cold and miserable, and there are often high apes howling, which leads to sad cries, and the empty valley echoes and the sorrow turns for a long time. So the fisherman sang: "The Wuxia Gorge in the Three Gorges of Badong is long, and the apes cry three times, and tears are spilled on their skirts."
14. When describing the scenery of the Three Gorges in spring and summer, the article not only describes the static scenery of "the green pool is stormy and the reflection is clear", but also describes the dynamic scenery of "hanging springs and waterfalls, soaring in the meantime". Dynamic and static combine to complement each other.
Twelve. Translation of key sentences
1, although riding against the wind, don't get sick.