NGF binds to the receptor, internalizes through the receptor-mediated endocytosis mechanism, and forms vesicles surrounded by axons, which contain NGF and maintain its biological activity. NGF is transported to the cell body through axons along microtubules, and is transduced by second messenger systems such as tyrosine protein kinase, phosphatidylinositol calcium and endogenous adenosine cyclophosphate. And start a series of cascade reactions to regulate the gene expression of some structural or functional proteins in target cells and exert their biological effects.

From 65438 to 0986, Italian scientist Levi-Montalcini proved that nerve growth factor (NGF) can promote the regeneration of cranial nerves through experiments and won the 86th Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine. This discovery caused a great sensation in the medical field.

Li Wei and Cohen found that the main functions of NGF are: 1, which promotes the growth and development of nervous system in the process of body development;

2. It has nutritional protection effect on normal nerve cells after maturity;

3. Nerve injury (such as cerebrovascular accident and brain injury) can promote neuron regeneration and functional recovery;

4. Improve the learning and memory function.