I told my uncle: not all hyperlipidemia must take medicine!
First of all, blood lipids are divided into cholesterol and triglycerides.
Second, if only triglycerides rise, it does not mean that you must take medicine if triglycerides are high. It is generally suggested that when the triglyceride is higher than 5.65, it is necessary to add a little medicine to reduce the triglyceride, which is generally based on fibrates. But most of them don't need long-term consumption. After they drop to normal levels, they can control triglycerides through a healthy lifestyle.
Third, if the cholesterol rises, then the standard of low-density lipoprotein is mainly referred to. Low-density lipoprotein is very interesting, and there are three different standards. Friends with cardiovascular problems mainly look at the level of low density lipoprotein, which is generally required to be controlled below 1.8mmol/L, and the lower the better; For friends who have no cardiovascular disease but are at high risk after risk assessment, the control target of low density lipoprotein is below 2.6mmol/L; In the case of medium and low risk, the level of low-density lipoprotein should be controlled at the standard limit of 3.4 mmol/L, but if there is no risk factor, only low-density lipoprotein is increased, then we generally recommend taking lipid-lowering drugs, mainly statins, when the low-density lipoprotein is higher than 4.9.
Fourth, if both cholesterol and triglycerides are high, we should weigh which is higher and which is more important, and choose which to control. It is not recommended to use two lipid-lowering drugs at the same time, which will increase the side effects of the drugs.
My uncle listened to what I said, which was very complicated. He sent me the test sheet and asked me what to do. Let me see, it's triglyceride 4.5. I said, don't take the medicine yet.
Just live a healthy life first: no matter what kind of blood lipid is increased, it must be based on a healthy life. In a healthy life, a healthy diet is the foundation;
Generally speaking, high-oil foods or even high-salt and high-sugar foods are the basis for raising blood lipids. Specifically, fried food, high-fat food, fat, flour and rice will all increase triglycerides.
The foods that cause cholesterol rise mainly include three aspects: too much saturated fatty acids, such as fat, animal oil, cream cake, palm oil, etc. High cholesterol content, such as animal viscera, fish eggs, crab roe, etc. And trans fatty acids, such as fried food. Excessive consumption of these foods will lead to an increase in cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein.
Therefore, we must strictly control these foods. Relatively healthy foods and foods that can reduce cholesterol are foods such as coarse grains, vegetables and fruits, a small amount of nuts and marine fish that we have always emphasized. For the increase of triglycerides, most of them can be recovered by improving diet; For the increase of cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein, it is difficult to return to normal simply through diet improvement, and it is necessary to cooperate with some drugs to achieve normal blood lipid.
In addition to a healthy diet, we should also abstain from drinking alcohol, because drinking a lot of alcohol itself will increase blood lipids, and when triglycerides are high, drinking alcohol will increase the risk of acute pancreatitis, which is necessary for hyperlipidemia.
Besides eating and drinking, you need to keep exercising. It is generally recommended that the heart rate should be controlled at 170 minus age during exercise. This kind of exercise is beneficial to the control of blood lipid and the exercise of cardiopulmonary function.
If you take lipid-lowering drugs: 1, pay attention to reviewing four blood lipids to see if the blood lipids meet the standards, and remember three standards of low-density lipoprotein;
2, pay attention to check blood sugar, creatine kinase, liver function, timely find out whether the drug has side effects. If there are side effects, contact the doctor in time!
In short, not all hyperlipidemia needs to take medicine; Taking medicine is not everything, a healthy life is the foundation, but also pay attention to monitoring!
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Answer: In addition to taking medicine, patients with hyperlipidemia need to do these things: (1) Keep moderate exercise every day, such as brisk walking, walking and aerobic exercise, and exercise for about 30 minutes five days a week to promote blood circulation, increase vascular elasticity and make blood lipids reach normal values.
(2) Maintain a balanced diet with less salt, oil and sugar every day, so that blood vessels are clean and blood lipids are within the normal range.
(3) Control body weight, reduce body fat accumulation, lower cholesterol, and keep blood lipids in a normal range.
(4) Quit smoking and drinking to achieve normal blood lipids.
(5) Do regular daily routine.
(6) Keep a happy mood every day.
To sum up, patients with hyperlipidemia need to do these things besides taking medicine.
Hyperlipidemia is one of the "three highs" juxtaposed with hypertension and diabetes, which not only has a large number of patients, but also is closely related to the occurrence and development of fatty liver, coronary heart disease, stroke and pancreatitis. We should pay enough attention to standardized treatment under the guidance of doctors.
The occurrence of hyperlipidemia is influenced by many factors, such as heredity and environment, and its treatment mainly includes lifestyle intervention and hypolipidemic drug treatment, in which lifestyle intervention should run through the whole process of hyperlipidemia treatment, including:
1. Reasonable diet: Diet is very important for the control of hyperlipidemia (especially hypertriglyceridemia). Everyone should have a light diet, mainly low in salt, fat and sugar, eat less fat, poultry skin, animal offal, roe and broth, and eat more fresh vegetables, fruits and whole grains.
2. Restrict drinking: Alcohol contains a certain amount of calories, and long-term drinking will increase the occurrence of fatty liver. Everyone should try to avoid drinking alcohol. People who have difficulty in abstinence must strictly limit the quantity and times, and it is recommended to drink low-alcohol wine such as red wine.
3. Proper exercise: It can help me improve my metabolism, control my weight and lower my blood fat. Exercise should focus on aerobic exercise, emphasizing gradual progress and avoiding strenuous exercise.
4, weight control: everyone should pay attention to weight control, obese people (including abdominal obesity) should pay attention to lose weight.
5. Actively treat basic diseases such as diabetes.
Everyone should correctly understand that while improving their lifestyle, they should also pay attention to monitoring the changes of blood lipid levels and review them regularly to stabilize their illness and reduce complications.
In the real world, there are always some friends who will find Dr. Zhang and ask, "Dr. Zhang, what should people pay attention to besides taking medicine?" This question is indeed the most concerned issue in reality, because Dr. Zhang is often asked, so I will tell you today.
1, Reduce Socialization Many people will say that China is a human society, and for this human society, socializing and socializing are very common. However, communication and entertainment are basically drinking and eating vegetables, and the energy intake exceeds the standard. In this way, there will be such a situation of drinking and socializing while taking antihypertensive drugs. In this way, blood lipids will be difficult to control. So Dr. Zhang will advise you to reduce your social intercourse.
2. Quitting smoking For patients with hyperlipidemia, the biggest harm is that it will increase the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in the later stage. Smoking will aggravate this risk and even multiply it. Therefore, Dr. Zhang suggested that patients with hyperlipidemia should quit smoking in time.
3, increase exercise For patients with elevated blood lipids, in addition to taking lipid-lowering drugs, in fact, increasing exercise is also a good medicine. Whether for people with elevated triglycerides or low-density lipoprotein, exercise is definitely helpful.
4, weight control can not be said that people with high blood lipids are fat, but obese people have more abnormal blood lipids. Therefore, Dr. Zhang also suggested that those friends with dyslipidemia should pay attention to controlling their weight. When their weight is well controlled, sometimes their blood lipids can be improved, especially triglycerides.
5. Controlling risk factors For friends with dyslipidemia, it is very important to control risk factors such as blood pressure and blood sugar. Because only by controlling all the related risk factors can we effectively reduce the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in patients with hyperlipidemia.
These are five important things that Dr. Zhang Can thought of, which are more important for patients with hyperlipidemia. I hope that friends with hyperlipidemia can pay attention to it and do it all. Only in this way can the harm caused by hyperlipidemia be reduced.
Dr. Zhang Online: Hyperlipidemia, What should I pay attention to?
Hyperlipidemia usually refers to the increase of cholesterol and triglyceride in plasma, and also includes the decrease of high density lipoprotein cholesterol. Generally speaking, no matter what type of dyslipidemia, the first choice for treatment is lipid-lowering drugs, such as statins and fibrates, which are commonly used drugs.
However, patients with hyperlipidemia should pay attention to other aspects besides drug treatment:
1. medical nutrition therapy
Medical nutrition therapy is the basis of treating dyslipidemia and needs long-term persistence. Patients with hyperlipidemia should make recipes according to labor intensity. Reduce the intake of saturated fatty acids and cholesterol in the diet, and try to eat less fat, animal offal and fried food! Pay attention to increasing the intake of vegetables and fruits rich in plant fiber. The most important thing is not to eat too much, just 7 minutes full every meal. Excessive calories will inevitably increase fat synthesis.
2. Increase regular sports activities.
Patients with hyperlipidemia need to increase physical activity and maintain an appropriate body mass index (body mass index,18.5 24.9). Especially for people with abdominal obesity, we must regularly increase aerobic exercise, jogging, brisk walking, cycling, swimming and so on. Which is important!
Get rid of bad habits
Patients with dyslipidemia should strive to get rid of bad habits, quit smoking, limit alcohol and ban alcohol.
Dyslipidemia is one of the important factors to accelerate atherosclerosis and the chief culprit of coronary heart disease, myocardial infarction and cerebral infarction. However, dyslipidemia, which has no special clinical symptoms, is often ignored by everyone. Patients with hyperlipidemia should not only take medicine, improve their lifestyle and get rid of bad habits, but also check their blood lipid levels regularly.
Dr. zhang Online, welcome your attention! Thank you for your invitation.
According to the authoritative conclusion of the current medical field, patients with hyperlipidemia must take medicine for life, otherwise their lives will be in danger.
I can't figure it out. Are they really powerless? Or is there another purpose?
A patient, controlled by statins all his life, doesn't know whether to feel happy or sad?
Is there any other way for patients with hyperlipidemia (including hypertension and diabetes) to take medicine for life? This should be a question that doctors should reflect on.
First of all, let's understand what blood lipids are. What are the indicators of blood lipid? What's the point of each? First, what is blood lipid? Blood lipids are neutral fats (triglycerides and cholesterol) and lipids in plasma (phospholipids, glycolipids, sterols and steroids).
Second, how many blood lipid tests are there? The blood lipid test list mainly includes triglycerides, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol.
2. 1 triglyceride (TG)
The triglyceride level is influenced by genetic and environmental factors, and is related to race, age, gender and living habits (such as diet, exercise, etc.). ).
However, most studies show that the increase of triglycerides may have the effect of atherosclerosis by affecting the structure of low-density lipoprotein or high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. According to the survey data, patients with mild to moderate increase in serum triglyceride level have an increased risk of coronary heart disease. When TG rises seriously, especially to 5.6mmol/Ls, it can often be accompanied by acute pancreatitis. Fenofibrate can effectively reduce the concentration of triglycerides in blood!
2.2 total cholesterol (TC)
TC (total cholesterol) refers to the sum of cholesterol contained in various lipoproteins in blood. The main factors affecting TC level are: (1) age and gender: TC level often rises with age, but does not rise or even decline after 70 years old. Young and middle-aged women are lower than men, and the TC level of postmenopausal women is higher than that of men of the same age. (2) Eating habits: Long-term intake of high cholesterol and saturated fatty acids can increase TC. (3) Genetic factors: The mutation of enzymes or receptor genes related to lipoprotein metabolism is the main reason for the significant increase of TC.
TC is not as accurate as LDL-C in risk assessment and prediction of atherosclerotic diseases. It is necessary to detect TC when calculating non-HDL-C (high density lipoprotein cholesterol) and VLDL-C (very low density lipoprotein cholesterol) with formulas.
2.3 Low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)
The increase of low density lipoprotein cholesterol is the main risk factor of atherosclerosis. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol enters the vascular wall through the vascular endothelium, and the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol trapped under the endothelium is modified into oxidized low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Macrophages phagocytize Ox-LDL to form foam cells, which increase and fuse to form the lipid core of atherosclerotic plaque. So we say that low-density lipoprotein cholesterol is bad cholesterol, and the lower the cholesterol, the better! Statins, such as atorvastatin and rosuvastatin, can effectively reduce low-density lipoprotein!
2.4 High density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C)
High-density lipoprotein cholesterol can transport cholesterol in peripheral tissues such as blood vessel walls to the liver for catabolism, that is, cholesterol reverse transport, which can reduce the deposition of cholesterol in blood vessel walls and play an anti-atherosclerosis role. So high density lipoprotein cholesterol is good cholesterol, the higher the better!
The level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol is also obviously influenced by genetic factors. Hypertriglyceridemia patients are often accompanied by low high density lipoprotein cholesterol. Exercise and a small amount of alcohol will increase HDL cholesterol. A large number of epidemiological data show that the level of serum high density lipoprotein cholesterol is negatively correlated with the risk of acute cardiovascular events.
Long-term uncontrolled increase of blood lipid may cause atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, stroke, myocardial infarction and so on. Serious threat to human health, so we should pay attention to it, but for these cardiovascular diseases, prevention is more important than treatment! In addition to taking medicine, we should also pay attention to the following four points in life!
1, low-salt and low-fat diet. Due to food culture, the taste of Chinese food is biased, and the World Health Organization recommends that the daily salt intake should be less than 5g. Excessive salt will increase the risk of hypertension, which is also a risk factor for cardiovascular disease! In the same way. When we eat too much oil, it will increase blood lipid and blood viscosity and promote the development of atherosclerosis! Therefore, the nutrition of three meals a day should be balanced, and don't eat some spicy and irritating food.
2. Exercise more, such as swimming, jogging and other aerobic exercises. It is recommended to exercise for 30 to 60 minutes each time, at least five times a week, and the aerobic exercise time per week should be at least 150 minutes. Long-term persistence can reduce weight and blood pressure, improve basal metabolism and increase vascular elasticity!
3, drink plenty of water, reduce blood viscosity, which is also conducive to cardiovascular health!
4. Quit smoking and drinking!
Smoke contains harmful substances such as nicotine, which will affect cardiovascular, blood lipid and coagulation functions and promote the occurrence of cardiovascular diseases. Moreover, heavy drinking and excessive drinking will lead to the decrease of vascular elasticity, induce hypertension and eventually trigger a series of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.
By hand. I hope my answer is helpful to you! If you think the writing is ok, please like it and pay attention! Life is really getting better. What I used to eat on holidays is almost inseparable now. In this "happy" day, there is a danger approaching quietly, and that is hyperlipidemia.
As the humblest member of senior three, many people don't know its harm and think it's no big deal anyway. Actually, it's just the opposite. Hyperlipidemia is the beginning of all tragedies. It will not only increase the incidence of the other two brothers (hypertension and diabetes), but also accelerate the process of arteriosclerosis and induce cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and even sudden death.
The treatment of hyperlipidemia focuses on regulation, not treatment! Adjustment is the adjustment of living and eating habits, and the cure is taking medicine, but generally only when the former is ineffective is it recommended to take medicine, otherwise please give up the idea of taking medicine.
1, diet conditioning
Eating more foods that dredge blood vessels and lower blood lipids can stabilize patients' blood lipids. For example, some common nuts, black food and deep-sea fish all contain unsaturated fatty acids, which can reduce the levels of cholesterol and triglycerides in the blood and improve hyperlipidemia.
2. Limit sodium salt
It is also an important factor in hyperlipidemia. Sodium in salt is a hydrophilic substance, which can cause contraction and even edema of human blood vessel wall, water retention, limb edema and arteriosclerosis.
3. Lose weight
Many friends with hyperlipidemia are accompanied by obesity, which is also a major cause of hyperlipidemia. For friends who are overweight and hyperlipidemia, we should pay attention to losing weight in daily life, and the speed of losing weight should not be too fast. It is best to lose weight under the guidance of professionals. In the process of losing weight, we need to follow some dietary principles, such as low fat, low sugar and adequate intake of protein, so as not to damage our health in the process of losing weight.
4, ensure sleep
The increase of blood lipid is also closely related to sleep quality, especially for middle-aged and elderly patients with hyperlipidemia. The deterioration of sleep quality will lead to the increase of blood viscosity and increase the harm of hyperlipidemia.
For your own health, it is absolutely necessary to go to the hospital for physical examination regularly, so that you can find your own abnormalities in time and take corresponding measures in time, especially those middle-aged obese people and those with three high family histories, which need to be more vigilant.
Dyslipidemia is one of the most important risk factors in the occurrence and development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Therefore, effective control of dyslipidemia has important clinical significance.
The abnormal increase or decrease of one or more lipids in plasma beyond the normal range is called hyperlipidemia or dyslipidemia.
Blood lipids are the general names of total cholesterol, triglycerides and lipids in plasma. According to the different components of hyperlipidemia, dyslipidemia can be divided into hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia and mixed hyperlipidemia.
According to different etiology, it can be divided into two categories: secondary hyperlipidemia and primary hyperlipidemia. Secondary refers to hyperlipidemia caused by other diseases, drugs and bad living habits; Primary refers to hyperlipidemia caused by gene defect.
At the same time, some people classify dyslipidemia into six types according to their physical and chemical characteristics, namely, type ⅰ, type ⅱA, type ⅱB, type ⅲ, type ⅳ and type ⅴ. However, it has not been widely used because of its little clinical significance.
Secondary hyperlipidemia is secondary to other diseases or other special circumstances, including the influence of drugs, living habits and eating habits.
Common diseases that easily lead to hyperlipidemia are: diabetes, kidney diseases, liver diseases, hypothyroidism and so on.
The common drugs that cause hyperlipidemia are glucocorticoid, progesterone, anabolic drugs, thiazide diuretics and beta blockers.
The common unhealthy lifestyles that cause hyperlipidemia are: overeating, drinking, heavy taste, high-fat and high-sugar diet; Lack of exercise and so on.
Under normal circumstances, hyperlipidemia will not cause obvious discomfort. There is no obvious clinical manifestation. Some patients may have xanthoma on their skin, such as eyelids, elbows, knees and buttocks. Diagnosis requires laboratory examination.
Therefore, it is recommended that adults aged 20 to 40 should have their blood lipids tested at least once every five years. Men over 40 years old and postmenopausal women need to be tested for blood lipids every year; Patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and their high-risk groups should be tested for blood lipids every 3 to 6 months.
All hyperlipidemia, whether primary hyperlipidemia or secondary hyperlipidemia, must be treated accordingly, and the treatment needs to meet the standard.
The treatment of hyperlipidemia mainly includes general treatment, drug treatment and non-drug treatment.
If it is a patient with secondary hyperlipidemia, the primary disease should be treated first. Adjust the dosage and method of drugs or drugs that lead to high blood lipids. At the same time, directly start using lipid-lowering drugs. If you are a patient with primary hyperlipidemia, you should also take medicine in time.
Drug treatment of hyperlipidemia includes statins, drugs that inhibit intestinal absorption of cholesterol and fibrates.
Patients with hyperlipidemia, whether secondary hyperlipidemia or primary hyperlipidemia, need to control their diet and improve their diet structure in addition to drug treatment. Quit smoking and limit the intake of salt and alcohol, especially hard liquor. According to the degree, classification, sex, age and labor intensity of patients with dyslipidemia, make recipes to reduce the total energy intake and limit the intake of saturated fatty acids.
Eat more fresh fruits and vegetables, especially coarse fiber vegetables, such as celery, leeks and spinach. Eat coarse grains, such as corn, cereal, steamed bread and other staple foods.
Take part in physical exercise properly. Such as cycling, jogging, walking, swimming, Tai Chi, yoga and so on. Strive for 30 minutes of moderate-intensity metabolic exercise every day and keep it for about 5 days every week, so as to lose weight, lose weight and maintain an appropriate body mass index.
Through the above active treatment, not only can the blood lipid levels of patients with primary hyperlipidemia and patients with secondary hyperlipidemia be reduced, but also diseases such as metabolic syndrome such as hypertension, diabetes and hyperuricemia can be avoided.
First of all, the most direct manifestation of hyperlipidemia is hyperlipidemia, but hyperlipidemia is only the result. As a chronic disease, the most important thing is to prevent complications and do a good job in health management. Let's talk about it: 1, symptoms of hyperlipidemia patients (1) Primary hyperlipidemia is more common in children, and secondary hyperlipidemia occurs after the age of 20.
(2) Lipid deposition in human dermis can cause xanthoma, and deposition in vascular endothelium can cause arteriosclerosis.
(3) Long-term hyperlipidemia may cause atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease and pancreatitis. Disease, but its occurrence and development is also a slow and gradual process.
2. Pathogenic factors of hyperlipidemia (1) Primary hyperlipidemia is closely related to genetic inheritance, which mainly occurs at the cell or gene level, such as cell carrier protein, or due to gene abnormality, some enzymes in the body are deficient, which eventually leads to hyperlipidemia. There are also drinking, smoking, eating, physical activity and mental stress.
(2) Secondary hyperlipidemia is mainly due to acquired reasons, such as irregular diet or complications caused by other diseases, such as diabetes, liver disease, thyroid disease, kidney disease, pancreas, obesity, glycogen storage disease, gout, Addison's disease, Cushing's syndrome, abnormal globulinemia, etc.
3, hyperlipidemia health advice 1, control your mouth: reasonable diet is the first, because the most important thing for health is to eat less foods with high cholesterol and saturated fatty acids, such as animal viscera and egg yolk, and edible oil should be mainly vegetable oil.
2, take your legs:. Adjust your lifestyle, exercise with you at intervals, and avoid sedentary: Exercise can effectively improve lipid metabolism, reduce plasma triglyceride and cholesterol levels, and increase the content of an anti-atherosclerotic lipoprotein (high density lipoprotein).
3, quit smoking and limit alcohol: this is a cliche, smoking and drinking will definitely hurt the liver and lungs.
Other diseases: diabetes, coronary heart disease, it is best to take the initiative to check, and inform the doctor of his own health, so that the doctor can treat it reasonably.
Generally speaking, hyperlipidemia is a chronic disease, and treatment is important, but it is more important to keep your mouth shut, take your legs, quit smoking and drinking, and have other diseases to prevent complications.