5. Value: Ginkgo biloba, also known as Ginkgo biloba, is the oldest existing seed plant in relict plant. Botany often compares Ginkgo biloba with dinosaurs and is known as the giant panda in the plant kingdom. Ginkgo biloba belongs to the category of dried fruits, and among many dried fruits, the economic value of ginkgo biloba ranks third. The value of ginkgo biloba is mainly reflected in food and medicine. Ginkgo biloba is eaten to keep healthy and prolong life. Ginkgo biloba was listed as a royal tribute in the Song Dynasty. Japanese people have the habit of eating ginkgo every day. Westerners must eat ginkgo at Christmas. As far as eating methods are concerned, Ginkgo biloba mainly includes fried food, baked food, cooked food, side dishes, cakes, candied fruit, canned food, beverages and alcohol. The medicinal use of Ginkgo biloba is mainly reflected in medicine, pesticides and veterinary drugs. In the Ming Dynasty, Li Shizhen once said: "Entering the lung meridian can benefit the temper, stop asthma and cough, and reduce defecation." Ginkgo biloba in Ben Feng Jing Yuan written by Zhang Lulu in Qing Dynasty has the effects of resolving phlegm, detoxicating and killing insects, and can be used to treat "furuncle, ulceration of mammary abscess, dental caries, infantile diarrhea, leucorrhea with red and white discharge, chronic stranguria, nocturnal emission and enuresis". In the Ming Dynasty, Chinese patent medicines made of Ginkgo biloba appeared in Jiangsu, Sichuan and other places for clinical use. Ginkgo biloba exocarp contains a lot of hydrogenated ginkgolic acid and ginkgetin. The water-soluble components of exocarp have good antitussive and expectorant effects, and their properties are similar to those of cyclophosphamide and dexamethasone. The effective rate of epicarp alcohol intermediate in inhibiting 22 common clinical pathogenic fungi was 865438 0%. 0. 1% hydrogenated ginkgolic acid inhibited 25 clinical pathogenic fungi with an effective rate of 92%. In addition, the inhibition rate of epicarp extract on apple anthracnose and other 1 1 plant pathogens reached 88%- 100%. The control rate of ethanol extract on geometrid reached 100% within 3 days, and it also had control effects on Tetranychus urticae, Myzus persicae, Chilo suppressalis and other pests. According to Compendium of Herbal Medicine of Folk Veterinary Medicine, Ginkgo preparation can treat strain of livestock, nasal congestion, lung abscess, cough due to lung deficiency, blood drop in urine, leucorrhea of female livestock, etc. Dingchuan decoction developed by Shandong Animal Husbandry Medical Station is used to treat infectious laryngotracheitis in chickens, and the cure rate is 95%. Ginkgo biloba leaves also have important medicinal value. Up to now, there are more than 60 kinds of Ginkgo biloba extract with known chemical components/kloc-0. There are mainly flavonoids, terpenoids, phenols, alkaloids, polyisoprene, quinic acid, linoleic acid, python oxalic acid, ascorbic acid, α-hexenal, bilobanol, bilobanone and so on. In 1960s, the Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences and other units developed Shuxuening injection with Ginkgo biloba leaves, which has certain curative effects on coronary heart disease, angina pectoris and cerebrovascular diseases. At the same time, Ginkgo biloba leaves can also be used as pesticides. 1kg leaves add 20kg water, boil for 30min, and then soak for 2-3 days. The control rate of spiders and Pieris rapae is over 90%, and there is no residue. At present, there are more than 50 kinds of skin care and hair care products prepared with Ginkgo biloba extract. In addition, ginkgo beverage, ginkgo peach juice, ginkgo beer, ginkgo tea and other health products developed from ginkgo leaves have been circulated in the market and achieved good results. The ecological benefits of Ginkgo biloba are mainly reflected in: from the perspective of cultivation, Ginkgo biloba belongs to a fruit tree-dried fruit; It belongs to timber tree species, protective tree species, insect-resistant tree species, longevity tree species and pollution-resistant tree species. Ginkgo biloba is an ideal tree species for fast-growing and high-yield forest, farmland shelterbelt, road shelterbelt, bank protection forest, beach shelterbelt, village shelterbelt, forest-grain intercropping and "four sides" greening. It can not only provide a large number of high-quality wood, leaves and seeds, but also purify the air, conserve water, prevent wind and sand, maintain water and soil, and improve farmland microclimate. It is a good tree species for afforestation, greening and ornamental, which is of great significance to the adjustment of agricultural and forestry planting structure in the north and south of China and the forestry development in plain agricultural areas. Ginkgo wood is of high quality and low price, and is known as "silver fragrant wood" or "silver wood". Ginkgo wood has luster, straight texture, fine structure, easy processing, no cracking, strong corrosion resistance, easy painting, low nail digging power, special medicinal flavor and strong insect resistance. Ginkgo wood can be used to make carved plaques, wooden fish and other handicrafts, and can also be used to make high-end furniture such as cabinets and desks. Ginkgo biloba has the characteristics of singing, guiding sound and elasticity, and is an ideal material for making musical instruments It can be used to make surveying and mapping instruments, pens and other cultural goods, and it is also the first-class wood for making chessboards, chess pieces, sports equipment, seals and small handicrafts. In industrial production, silver wood is most suitable for making machine models and wooden models of X-ray machine filter plates, textile printing and dyeing rollers, bodiless lacquerware, plywood, chopping boards and wooden telephones. For the treatment of diseases, please refer to the Criterion for Syndrome Differentiation and Treatment of Miscellaneous Diseases. There is a yellow-green death syndrome. After treatment, the paste on the beads is mixed with water spots, which looks like a white mixed obstacle. Southerners call it Ginkgo biloba. At the beginning of the disease, wind and heat attack, damage to the true ointment, blood and gas stasis extremely broken beads. The paste and juice in the beads are festering. I am in poor health after this disease. See the crab's eyes and the spiral protruding strips. Ginkgo biloba leaves that have not been thoroughly dried should be dried in the shade after they are bought, but the taste of Ginkgo biloba leaves is particularly unpleasant, which is a strange sour taste. After being cleaned, its smell will last for a long time. Edit this paragraph. The chemical components of medical pharmacology include protein 6.4%, fat 2.4%, carbohydrate 36%, sugar 6% (mainly sucrose), a little histidine, a little carotene, riboflavin, calcium, phosphorus and iron. It is also reported that the dried seeds contain 67.6% starch, protein 13. 1% and 2.9% fat. The ash content is 3.4%, and manganese reacts with it. Recently, compounds such as β-sitosterol, β-sitosterol glucoside and pinacol (pino 1) have been studied. Physical and chemical identification: Take 65438 00 g of this product powder, add 40ml of methanol, heat and reflux for 65438 0 hours, filter, evaporate the filtrate, and add 65438 to the residue. Passing the filtrate through a polyamide column (80 ~ 100 mesh, 3g, inner diameter 10 ~ 15mm), eluting with 70ml of water, shaking and extracting the eluate with ethyl acetate twice, 40ml each time, combining the ethyl acetate solutions, evaporating to dryness, and using 1ml methanol for the residue. Methanol was added to prepare a mixed solution containing 0.5 mg per 1 ml as a control solution. Absorb the above two solutions 10μl, respectively, and spot them on the silica gel G thin plate, with 4% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution as adhesive and toluene-ethyl acetate-acetone-methanol (10: 5: 0.6) as developing agent. Spray acetic anhydride, heat at 140 ~ 160℃ for 30 minutes, and check under ultraviolet lamp (365nm). In the chromatogram of the sample, fluorescent spots with the same color appear in the position corresponding to the chromatogram of the reference substance. Research progress of component analysis: Ginkgo biloba seeds with slight pharmacological action were combined with neutral components without nitrogen, and mice were injected subcutaneously with 6 mg/65433. It is also said that it is impossible to prove that Ginkgo biloba contains substances that cause convulsions in mice. Edit this paragraph for Chinese herbal medicine aliases such as ginkgo biloba, ginkgo almond, ginkgo nut, eye-catching, bergamot, Fojia, Gongsun nut, duck foot nut, duck foot nut and duck foot nut. The trademark is Ginkgo biloba. Ginkgo biloba is best to be large and uniform, with full seeds and white and yellow shells. Prescription name ginkgo, ginkgo, steamed ginkgo, fried ginkgo, cooked ginkgo, etc. Ginkgo biloba in the prescription refers to raw ginkgo fruit. Remove the thin skin outside the shell and seed kernel of the original medicinal materials. Mash the drug taker. Steamed ginkgo is pure ginkgo, which is steamed and mashed into medicine. Stir-fried ginkgo fruit is pure ginkgo fruit, stir-fried with slow fire until dark yellow and slightly burnt, and mashed into medicine. Cooked ginkgo biloba is the general term for steaming, boiling, simmering and frying ginkgo biloba. Edit the kernel of Ginkgo biloba, a tree of Ginkgoaceae. Also known as ginkgo nuts and duck feet. Ginkgo biloba, also known as ginkgo tree and Gongsun tree, is one of the oldest tree species in the world. It is a unique plant in China. It is cultivated in most areas such as southwest and east China. Harvest ripe fruits in autumn, remove fleshy exocarp, wash and dry, remove hard shell for later use or steam fry for later use. 【 Description 】 Sweet, slightly bitter, astringent, mild and slightly toxic. It has the effects of warming lung, invigorating qi, relieving asthma and cough, reducing defecation, stopping leukorrhagia, stopping diarrhea and benefiting spleen. [contraindications] Appropriate: elderly people with tuberculosis and cough and asthma should eat; Women with weak leucorrhea, middle-aged and elderly people with nocturnal emission, frequent urination and infantile enuresis should be eaten; Stir-fry or steam before eating. Bogey: Ginkgo biloba is less toxic and should not eat more meals; Children under five should not eat ginkgo. [Reference] contains protein, amino acids, fat, carotene, vitamin B2, calcium, phosphorus, iron and trace hydrocyanic acid. 【 Purpose 】 Used for asthma and cough due to lung deficiency; Qi deficiency or kidney qi instability, frequent enuresis; Spleen deficiency or deficiency of both spleen and kidney, leukorrhagia, turbid diarrhea. [Usage] Cooked food, or pills or powder. [Caution] Don't eat raw food. It is not advisable to eat too much cooked food, and it is advisable to take 10~ 15g every time, otherwise it is easy to be poisoned. Ginkgo biloba is toxic and has been recorded since ancient times. When poisoned, headache, fever, convulsion, irritability, vomiting and dyspnea may occur. In addition, people with excessive phlegm should not take it. When it is necessary to take this product due to the mixture of excess and deficiency, it can be combined with appropriate drugs. [Attachment] 1, Ivy Ginkgo: 10 Fresh ginkgo, cooked, shelled and pitted; Ai Chen 5g, mashed, mixed with appropriate amount of rice, kneaded with Ginkgo biloba, wrapped with vegetable leaves for external use, and simmered to ashes. Only eat ginkgo. Twice a day. From the secret recipe. In the prescription, Ai Chen can warm the interior and dispel the cold, and ginkgo can be stewed with it, which can warm the lungs and replenish qi, relieve asthma and relieve cough. For lung deficiency, cold, asthma and cough. Chronic bronchitis and asthma have mild symptoms, belonging to deficiency-cold syndrome and good curative effect. 2. Stewed chicken with ginkgo biloba: 15g ginkgo lotus seeds, 50g glutinous rice and 3g pepper (slightly pounded); A black-bone chicken, unhairing and eviscerating, washing, putting everything into the belly of the chicken, tying it with thread outside, adding appropriate amount of water, stewing it with fire and water until cooked, adding salt and eating it on an empty stomach. Can also be used with meals. Originated from a set of simplified formulas. Ginkgo biloba, lotus seeds and glutinous rice can all strengthen the spleen, and ginkgo biloba and lotus seeds can converge and stop the belt. Black-bone chicken is best at nourishing yin and blood, which can greatly replenish qi and blood and restrain stagnation. Add pepper to warm your stomach. Can be used for asthenia, deficiency of qi and blood, anorexia, lassitude, and leukorrhagia. 3. Roast chicken eggs and ginkgo: 2-4 ginkgo, ground into fine powder; There are 1 egg, with a small hole at one end. Put ginkgo powder in the egg and bake it firmly on the fire. Take it 2~3 times a day. This method has the function of strengthening the spleen and astringing the intestines to stop diarrhea. Folk used for diarrhea due to spleen deficiency in children. In addition, some people put ginkgo powder into eggs and cook them. Can be used for leukorrhagia due to spleen deficiency. 4. Three-kernel porridge is made of good gingko nuts 5g, sweet almonds 10g, walnuts 10g and japonica rice 50g. Wash Sanren first, put it in a pot and boil it in water for 20 minutes, then put the japonica rice in, cook it until it is cooked, and you can eat it, or add a little rock sugar. Ginkgo biloba tastes sweet and bitter, astringing lung qi, relieving asthma and cough, and stopping enuresis; Sweet almonds moisten the lungs and relieve cough; Walnut kernel tonifies kidney, solidifies essence, warms lung and relieves asthma; Japonica rice nourishes the stomach and neutralizes it. Editor's Note: Ginkgo biloba with nutritional value in this paragraph is a kind of nutritious high-grade tonic, which contains crude protein, crude fat, reducing sugar, nucleoprotein, minerals, crude fiber and various vitamins. According to the scientific conclusion, every 100g of fresh ginkgo contains protein 13.2g, carbohydrate 72.6g, fat10.3g, and contains trace elements such as vitamin C, riboflavin, carotene, calcium, phosphorus, iron, selenium, potassium, magnesium and eight kinds of amino acids, so it has high edible value. Ginkgo biloba contains a variety of nutritional elements, besides starch, protein, fat and sugar, it also contains trace elements such as vitamin C, riboflavin, carotene, calcium, phosphorus, iron, potassium and magnesium, as well as ginkgolic acid, ginkgolic acid, pentosan and sterol. It has the dietotherapy and medical effects of benefiting lung qi, treating cough and asthma, stopping parasites, reducing stool, smoothing wrinkles, protecting blood vessels and increasing blood flow. Modern medical research shows that Ginkgo biloba leaves also have the functions of dredging blood vessels, improving brain function, delaying brain aging of the elderly, enhancing memory ability, treating Alzheimer's disease and cerebral blood supply insufficiency, etc., and its anti-aging ability is strong. Science has a great influence in Germany and France. In addition, Ginkgo biloba leaves can also protect the liver, reduce arrhythmia and prevent fatal bronchoconstriction in allergic reactions, and can also be used to deal with asthma, transplant rejection, myocardial infarction, stroke, organ protection and dialysis. Regular consumption of Ginkgo biloba leaves can help yin beauty to resist aging, dilate capillaries, promote blood circulation, make people's skin and face rosy, rejuvenate and prolong life. It is a health food suitable for all ages, and it is also very delicious to entertain state guests. Flavonoids glycosides and bitter lactone in seeds also have special preventive and therapeutic effects on cerebral thrombosis, Alzheimer's disease, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, coronary heart disease, arteriosclerosis, brain dysfunction and other diseases. Edit this paragraph of modern research 1. Chemical composition: The seed contains protein, fat, starch, cyanoside, vitamin B2 and various amino acids; The seed coat contains toxic components, such as ginkgolic acid, hydrogenated ginkgolic acid, ginkgolic acid, bilobanol, etc. The fleshy exocarp contains ginkgolic acid, hydrogenated ginkgolic acid, hydrogenated ginkgolic acid, ginkgdiol, ginkgolic acid and flavonoids. 2. Pharmacological action: It can inhibit the growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and has different degrees of inhibition on a variety of bacteria and skin fungi in vitro. Ethanol extract has a certain expectorant effect and a weak relaxing effect on tracheal smooth muscle. Ginkgo biloba has a short-term antihypertensive effect and leads to an increase in vascular permeability. The water-soluble components of Ginkgo biloba exocarp can scavenge superoxide radicals, have anti-aging effects, and also have immunosuppressive and antiallergic effects. 3. Adverse reactions: The toxic components of Ginkgo biloba L. are ginkgotoxin and ginkgetin (ginkgolic acid, ginkgol, ginkgol, etc. ). Ginkgo biloba leaves have hemolytic effect, and it is easy to be poisoned by taking too much, and the toxicity of raw products is greater, and the toxicity of green shoots is the greatest. The toxic components of Ginkgo biloba are soluble in water and can be destroyed by heating, so the toxicity of this product is very small after cooking. If it is used as food, the seed coat and germ should be removed and soaked for more than half a day before eating. The general poisoning symptoms are nausea and vomiting, abdominal pain and diarrhea, fever, restlessness, convulsion, mental fatigue, dyspnea, cyanosis, coma, and dull or disappearing pupil response to light.