In fact, we will encounter difficulties and challenges in one way or another at every stage of our lives. Some people will not hesitate to throw themselves into the "involution" army, while others will choose to lie flat for health. Different choices have long had different developments, and different developments have affected their own life trajectories. For many people, after graduating from college 10 years, the watershed in life has become very obvious. Some people are unknown when they are studying, and they have never even talked to each other once, but they have stepped onto the peak of academia step by step with their perseverance and patience or earned more than one million yuan a year. Some people get along well with each other in college, and everyone loves them. However, due to the lack of long-term planning, they will be devastated after graduation and gradually become "workers" at the bottom, so they can only lie flat.
This is really not an alarmist. Even graduates of Harvard University, if they lack life goals, 87% of them can only be reduced to the middle and lower classes of society.
Therefore, we should make full use of the critical period of the university, successfully change from a student identity to a social identity, and find a suitable graduation path through planning in advance, so that the road of life will be wider and wider!
The first situation is to choose direct employment, and the main work direction is divided into enterprise employment and self-employment. Let's talk separately.
First of all, talk about enterprise employment. Every year, more than 50% graduates will choose direct employment, mainly for various enterprises. Even those students who continue their graduate studies, except for a few who specialize in academic research, most of them still have to enter the enterprise for employment.
If you are determined to find a job after graduation, then I suggest you go to your school or the job fair in society. Find your favorite company, find out what kind of background students are interviewing or submitting resumes here, and find out the difference between undergraduate and graduate students' job content and treatment. Let yourself know your market in advance, don't wait to find a job. It turns out that the top 500 enterprises really only need 985, and many of the posts originally given to hukou are for graduate students. By this time, it will be too late to take the postgraduate entrance examination. Of course, there are many people who take the postgraduate entrance examination while working, but work takes up a lot of our time and energy, so the pressure and difficulty will be much higher than when we were in school.
For students who want to work directly, they must make such four preparations during college.
1, a true and useful resume (grades, competitions ...);
2. Professional necessary certificates (examination, accounting ...);
3. Many related internships (unit, company ...);
4, the embodiment of comprehensive quality (written test, interview ...).
The most important ones are resume and internship.
The first step in job hunting is resume, so a beautiful resume is very important for job hunting success. The accumulation of resumes depends on four years of college. Mainly include
1, education background: grades, rankings, scholarships, honorary certificates (preferably studying in a big city).
2. Internship experience: unit, post and time (not less than 3 copies, each for not less than 3 months)
3. Social practice: community work and summer practice.
4. Competition certificate: professional competition, professional certificate.
5. Scientific research, patents and projects.
If you don't know how to perfect the details, you can get timely help by knowing the teachers of the employment office or the seniors and sisters who have been employed.
Another important experience in job hunting is internship. If your resume is your appearance and can be packaged, then your internship experience is your inner strength. If you don't have enough self-confidence, you are likely to be broken by the employer and lose the opportunity to enter the company. Therefore, it is recommended that students start relevant internships in the summer vacation of junior year at the latest, and it is best to start relevant internships in the summer vacation of sophomore year. If you plan to engage in this major after graduation, you must find an internship that this major values. For example, if you want to be a lawyer, you must go to a law firm. If you want to be an accountant, you must have working experience in an accounting firm. If you want to access the internet, you must have the experience of internship in a big factory. It is best to practice 2-3 times before applying for a job, and gain different abilities in different companies. The last tip, if you can choose to go to a big platform or a big company, go first. If you don't plan to engage in this major, you should prepare for the internship in related industries in advance, otherwise few companies hope to find a small white to start teaching with professional knowledge. Here's a suggestion. If you want to find a job across majors, you can choose to study for graduate students first, which is more suitable for finding a job, and secondly, it is a compound talent.
Next, talk about the industry. As the old saying goes, men should find the right line and women should marry the right person. Now that everyone is equal, both men and women have to find jobs, and it is even more important to find the right line. It is especially important for students who study social humanities, because the employment of your subject is not high, unlike students in science, engineering, agriculture and medicine who can find their own majors.
The development of all walks of life has its own peaks and valleys. Except for a few traditional industries, most industries are just experiencing peaks and valleys. For example, in the financial industry, economic growth has slowed down in recent years. The original year-end awards of hundreds of thousands and millions have shrunk dramatically, and many elites have complained. But is there no future for this industry? Obviously not. With the continuous rise of China's comprehensive national strength, there will be more and more overseas investments and international mergers and acquisitions, so as long as we study the national policies and strategic directions in a down-to-earth manner in recent years, it will be easy to wait until the wind comes.
As we all know, industries are divided into primary, secondary and tertiary industries, namely agriculture, industry and service industry. In China, the tertiary industry is bound to develop. The honey snow ice city, hi tea and Starbucks we drink every day belong to this industry. There is a drink shop in Mixue Ice City alone, and there are tens of thousands in China. Isn't this development? So every industry has its own unique development direction. You must know what the future development trend of your major and industry is.
When choosing an industry, looking at development is on the one hand, and whether you are suitable is more critical.
For example, some people are born scientists, so don't give up their expertise because it is difficult to study abroad or because they are seriously involved. And some people, although they have studied a very scientific science and engineering, are naturally outgoing and active. They are better at dealing with people than with science, so they should choose an industry that requires strong interpersonal skills.
After talking about the industry, let's talk about enterprises. Due to the reform and opening up and economic development of the motherland, there are many enterprises all over the country now. There are thousands of listed companies alone, and a teaching and training industry closed down more than 20 thousand last year under the epidemic. In so many companies, according to the nature of business owners, they can be roughly divided into state-owned enterprises, private enterprises and foreign-funded enterprises; According to the scale of the company, it can be divided into giant companies, large companies, medium-sized companies, small companies and micro companies. So in the face of so many companies, how should we choose?
Here are some basic suggestions for your reference:
First, see if the company is a family business. If it is, I advise you to stay away. When entrepreneurs manage enterprises, they are too centralized and make their own decisions, which will be very risky. Once the top management has problems and misjudgments, the company may be gone. This situation is endless. Second, look at the company's human resources, which is your interviewer. The process of job interview is a two-way choice process, just like looking for an object, you should appreciate and like each other. If you think everyone you recruit is incompetent or disdainful, then this person may be your leader. Would you like to work in such a unit? Third, looking at the company's past performance, no matter the size of the company, it should have its core competitiveness. One of the channels, products or brands must account for the same proportion. In addition, we should know that in China, there are no enterprises that are too big to fail, and all large companies have developed from small companies. No matter how big the company is, if it loses the motivation and direction of development, it will be eliminated by society sooner or later. Before entering the enterprise, you must learn to shop around and make a decision after you fully understand it. Companies that don't give you time to think and let you join immediately should keep their eyes open.
Some extra tips. Establish the thinking of managers in the company; Have the spirit of struggle; We should be able to solve problems instead of making trouble, learn to communicate with people and finally calm down.
There are so many contents of enterprise employment that it can't be finished in three days and three nights. More content needs everyone to experience growth in practical work. What you get on paper is so shallow that you never know what you have to do.
Then talk about starting your own business. Many students may have the idea of starting a business, and many schools have also set up entrepreneurship classes. But it is not enough to start a business with ideas and after listening to a few classes. If you can plan other graduation paths, starting a business is a process of crossing the river by feeling the stones completely, from zero to one.
Compared with other ways out, entrepreneurship needs comprehensive quality and ability. At least include the following four points, unparalleled courage; Excellent project/technology/resources; A partner in the same boat; Funds to support entrepreneurship. These four points are indispensable.
Some students may say that their family is not short of money, and it is no problem to spend millions. But you should know that you spend not only money, but also your own time and resources around you. Some things can't be directly measured by money. For example, if you go bankrupt after working for a month, you may think it's nothing, but people who work with you will think you are unreliable and fiddle around, so it won't be so easy to cooperate next time. So be sure to consider whether you are suitable for starting a business after graduation.
Entrepreneurship is a test of a person's comprehensive ability. People, things and things can be balanced, and goals, processes and standards should be clear. In the preparation stage, at least the following four points should be achieved.
1, entrepreneurial ideas, preferably based on successful experiments.
2, course study, participate in the school's entrepreneurship training camp, get school support.
3, more internships, at least experienced formal enterprise re-entrepreneurship.
4. Looking for resources, partners are the most important, funds are most needed, and the more contacts, the better.
Finally, before entering the market, there must be a formed team, products and channels. For students who have undergone in-depth thinking and experiments, entrepreneurship is a fast lane to their dreams. However, risks and opportunities coexist on the road to entrepreneurship, and pressure and breakthrough coexist. Losers are like crucian carp crossing the river, and few people can persist and eventually succeed. For most people, it is more appropriate to accumulate experience before starting their own business. Of course, if you have your own patents or projects whose scientific research results can be directly transformed, you only need to find reliable partners and funds to start, because this entrepreneurial industry has high barriers and is easy to form differentiated competition, and it is easy to get the support of the government, universities and enterprises.
The second situation is to study in China.
There are two main ways to enter China's higher education after graduation, either graduate school or graduate school. Let's talk about the precious face that many people envy. The official name of Baoyan is to recommend outstanding fresh graduates to study for master's degree without taking the test. Those who are recommended to enter the school will be evaluated for their academic performance and comprehensive quality without going through some preliminary procedures such as written examination. After passing the evaluation, within the allowed quota, the school directly recommends the postgraduate entrance examination. Such undergraduates are also called "test-free students".
Insurance research is also a kind of walking, but it will be much less difficult than walking in the college entrance examination. Because good schools usually have a high proportion of good majors, compared with the increasingly tight college entrance examination policy, the number of recommended graduate students is constantly expanding. In essence, both of them rely on their past achievements/specialties to accumulate advantages, avoid the preliminary examination of the national unified examination, and directly enter the re-examination and selection of colleges and universities to stand out. The key to the difference is that the insurance research will focus on your professional knowledge and ability.
If you want to succeed in scientific research, you need not only hard work during your college years, but also strength from your school. Because less than half of colleges and universities in China have research places.
The number of places insured for postgraduate entrance examination is divided into two types according to whether the school is insured. The demand for bail-out will be higher, accounting for less, and some colleges and universities can't even bail out. In colleges and universities with insurance research qualifications, the proportion of insurance research is also very different.
1, the highest proportion of scientific research insurance is the college where the humanities talent training base is located, 50%;
2. There is a graduate school,15%;
3, no graduate school, generally not more than 5%.
Generally speaking, the proportion of insurance research schools generally does not exceed 65% of the total number of insurance research schools, and the proportion of insurance research schools in the western region and special key industries (military, mining, petroleum, geology, agriculture and forestry, etc.). ) can reach 75%.
There are many kinds of insurance research. Formerly known as general insurance research (that is, exemption in September). At the beginning of the senior year, a selection examination was conducted in the school, and the list of insurance research was determined in combination with previous university achievements. The biggest drawback of this kind of insurance research is that the selected students meet the needs of undergraduate colleges, but sometimes it is difficult to meet the needs of foreign insurance colleges. Therefore, more and more famous schools organize their own summer camps (also called summer schools) to screen good students who meet their own needs and characteristics. In addition to these two kinds of insurance research, the common classification of insurance research is mutual promotion at the school level (mutual promotion between universities); Teaching and research (one-year teaching in primary and secondary schools in western China); Compensation places (6 normal universities and National Defense Science and Technology University, excluding places outside medical insurance) and separate planned research. There are six separate plans, namely:
1, special academic expertise (national competitions, top papers or scientific research achievements);
2. Job security (student cadres, guaranteed after 2 years of administrative work in our school, calculating the length of service);
3. Master program (3-year on-the-job postgraduate+1 year full-time postgraduate);
4. Excellent Engineer Program (a strong university in a specific engineering field);
5, the minority backbone plan;
6. Artistic expertise/sports expertise.
No matter what kind of insurance research needs better academic performance and comprehensive ranking, if we find that we have no chance to get insurance research, then we have another way to learn, which is the increasingly popular postgraduate entrance examination in recent years.
Postgraduate entrance examination is a national unified postgraduate entrance examination. Refers to the general name of the relevant examinations organized by the education authorities and enrollment institutions for the selection of graduate students. The national postgraduate entrance examination is divided into two stages: initial examination and second examination. Both the initial examination and the second examination are important parts of the postgraduate entrance examination. The initial examination is organized by the state, and the second examination is organized by the admissions unit.
The initial examination methods are divided into national unified examination (joint examination), separate examination and recommended exemption (namely, the above-mentioned insurance research). Part or all of the examination subjects of the national unified examination are proposed by the examination center of the Ministry of Education, and other examination subjects are proposed by the enrollment units themselves. The entrance examination is conducted in specific disciplines (categories) and majors (fields), and some or all of the examination subjects are merged or unified. The individual examination is conducted by an enrollment unit with individual examination qualifications, and candidates must meet specific registration conditions. The examination subjects are independently proposed or selected by the enrollment unit. Individual examination is an examination organized by some colleges and universities approved by the Ministry of Education for on-the-job personnel who meet specific registration conditions. The examination subjects are organized by the admissions unit itself.
I would like to remind you in particular that the year of postgraduate entrance examination, that is, the year of postgraduate entrance examination, is based on the admission year (admission notice). For example, a graduate student who entered school in September 2022 is the postgraduate entrance examination in 2022. The initial test time is a weekend of 202165438+February, and the second test time is March-April 2022.
Compared with Baoyan, it is much easier to register for postgraduate entrance examination, and there is no restriction on fresh graduates. With the higher requirements of employers for academic qualifications, the number of postgraduate students will continue to rise. Therefore, if you want to go to graduate school as soon as possible, you need to start preparing for the war as soon as possible and strive for the success of World War I. ..
The third situation is studying abroad, which is actually a change in the learning environment of graduate students.
In the past two years, the number of people studying abroad has decreased due to the global COVID-19 epidemic. On the one hand, the number of students enrolled in western countries dominated by the United States has decreased (epidemic situation, economic and political factors). On the one hand, parents' worries about their children's safety reduce their willingness to go abroad, but on the other hand, it is more noteworthy that international students are becoming more and more unpopular. More than ten years ago or earlier, studying abroad has always been the development direction of outstanding students with foresight and ability. As China people become richer and richer, more and more people see the high cost performance of studying abroad with gold plating, so going abroad has become a common practice in recent years. However, due to the limited ability, some "returnees" appeared obvious "acclimatization" after returning to China, which surprised employers, so the concept of worshipping foreign things and flattering foreign countries was broken, and many units and enterprises preferred to recruit graduate students from top universities in China. This change has turned many "sea turtles" into "kelp" or even "dried kelp".
Of course, graduates from famous foreign universities are still popular, and they are well treated in academia, finance and industry. Therefore, it is suggested that if you want to study abroad, you must choose the best school within your ability as much as possible. If you go to the United States, you can refer to the American news rankings; If you go to the UK, you can refer to the QS ranking. At least you have to go to the top 100 schools in the United States or the top 40 schools in the United Kingdom to be more recognized.
If you want to apply for going abroad, then TOEFL or IELTS scores are essential. Secondly, many American schools need GRE or GMAT scores. In addition to the requirements of the exam, each school has its own special requirements. What you have to do is to be the kind of person that that school wants to recruit. For example, scientific research, internships and even voluntary activities.
In addition to going abroad directly to get a degree, there is actually another form of further study abroad that is worth recommending, that is, going abroad as an exchange student. Many better schools have the opportunity to exchange abroad during their graduate studies, ranging from a few months to a year, so that they can fully understand the life abroad and the cost is much lower than that of studying abroad. If you get good grades, the school also has project support, and you can even jointly train and win a double degree at home and abroad. Why not?
For those students who want to study abroad but are going back to China, here is a little suggestion: if you want to find a good job in China, you'd better work abroad for a while, so that you will have a good result after returning home. Especially those who are about to become scholars. Otherwise, it is better to study in the top universities in China and better adapt to domestic development.