In fact, diabetes is a chronic systemic metabolic disease caused by the long-term interaction between genetic factors and environmental factors.
It is actually manifested as the increase of plasma glucose, which is mainly caused by the metabolic disorder of sugar, fat and protein due to insufficient insulin secretion or dysfunction in the body. This is called diabetes. # Philharmonic Health Guide #
Long-term course of disease can cause multi-system damage, leading to chronic complications of blood vessels, heart, nerves, kidneys, eyes and other tissues and organs. When the condition is serious, acute complications such as diabetic ketoacidosis and diabetic hyperglycemia and hyperosmotic state may occur.
The classification of diabetes includes the following types:
Type I diabetes: characterized by the destruction of islet B cells and/or severe insulin secretion disorder (absolute lack of insulin), the levels of insulin and C peptide are obviously reduced or even undetectable, showing a tendency of ketoacidosis, and patients usually need insulin to maintain their lives.
Type Ⅱ diabetes mellitus: the decrease of insulin's ability to regulate glucose metabolism (insulin resistance) and the decrease (or relative decrease) of insulin secretion caused by islet β cell dysfunction.
Fasting blood sugar is 8.5, is it serious? The doctor explained: There is basically no need to worry about these three situations.
According to "Guidelines for Prevention and Treatment of Hyperglycemia in China", under normal circumstances, the fasting blood glucose value is 3.9~6. 1mmHg. Judging from the normal blood sugar value, the fasting blood sugar of 8.5mmHg obviously exceeds the normal blood sugar standard, which belongs to hyperglycemia state.
If you want to judge whether the fasting blood glucose of 8.5mmHg is serious, the specific situation can be considered from the following three points:
-The patient is over 60 years old.
Different age groups have different requirements for blood sugar. If a person is over 60 years old and carries out blood sugar monitoring on an empty stomach, it is likely that the numerical requirements are not as strict as in the traditional sense.
After all, with the growth of age, various organs of the body show different degrees of degradation and attenuation, which means that the blood sugar of the human body has also changed accordingly, as long as it is stable within the range of 8.0, it is reasonable.
If the patient has chronic kidney diseases such as hypertension, it is not necessary to be too nervous to find that the blood sugar is 8.5, because patients with diabetes complicated with hypertension will fluctuate to varying degrees. As long as the blood sugar is well controlled, it can also play a very good role in inhibiting blood pressure.
-Pregnant women
During pregnancy, the overall state of a woman's body will also change, which cannot be based on the original functional state. For example, the pregnant human body is affected by progesterone, which will reduce the metabolic function of hormones, resulting in a significantly lower endocrine level of hormones than before.
Through data research, it is found that the fasting blood glucose data of pregnant women should be kept stable in the range of 5.1mmol/L. When your own blood glucose control value is obviously different from the clinical standard and is much higher than the expected blood glucose value, it is the performance of "gestational diabetes" and you should do a good job in your daily diet.
Many women don't pay attention to such problems, so don't worry too much. As long as they take active control, they can reduce the impact.
-Results of emotional stress measurement.
When people are nervous, it will affect their exam results. There are many reasons for mood swings, but this situation will lead to excessive secretion of adrenal hormones, which will easily lead to high blood sugar.
Even fasting can affect the result of blood sugar, and the measurement result of blood sugar value is not very accurate.
Therefore, when measuring blood sugar at ordinary times, you must control your emotions. No matter what the result is, we should face it calmly. Don't worry too much, give yourself too much psychological pressure, so the measured blood sugar value will be more accurate.
What are the precautions for measuring blood sugar?
1, don't stop taking medicine in order to check fasting blood sugar, so the test results can't accurately reflect the condition, and it will also cause blood sugar to rise and aggravate the condition.
2. For patients injected with premixed insulin before breakfast and dinner, if the blood test in the hospital is delayed in the morning, short-acting insulin can be injected temporarily after blood drawing and before meals, which can not only eliminate the increase of blood sugar caused by delayed treatment, but also avoid the short interval between two injections of premixed insulin on the day of examination.
3. For patients treated with oral hypoglycemic drugs, if the blood collection time is too late and the morning medication is too close to the noon medication, the dosage at noon can be reduced as appropriate to avoid hypoglycemia caused by drug superposition.
4. For patients who are treated with proper insulin before going to bed, the hypoglycemic effect can be maintained until 8: 00 the next day, so the blood sampling time for fasting blood glucose test can be a little later.
5. Don't go to the hospital to draw blood after injecting insulin at home. Because it is difficult to predict the time to complete blood drawing, if you can't finish blood drawing within half an hour, it will inevitably delay the meal time and may induce severe hypoglycemia.