How to make old books return to youth-my method of repairing old books 1 human life is fragile, but the life of books is not, if properly maintained. Unfortunately, people who pay more attention to health care always pay more attention to "bookkeeping", because people often regard books as dead things, and their experiences rarely attract their attention and sympathy. Tattooing the front of a book won't make it cry; Tear the book apart, it won't growl; Tear a page out of the book, it won't cry out in pain; If you throw a book into the water, it won't sneeze; Burn a hole in the page, it won't shed tears ... For years, books have always endured all kinds of cruel persecution of human beings silently. I don't know, for book lovers, nothing is more outrageous than this. Therefore, whenever I buy a lovely old book in a second-hand bookstall, I always try to do something to make the old book that escaped natural and man-made disasters return to youth. Unfortunately, I have almost no knowledge of chemistry, so I can only use some stupid methods that I came up with when I made up old books. Nevertheless, these stupid methods can sometimes solve some problems and slightly erase the pain in old books. Now, I want to summarize the methods I have used to repair old books. If there is anything wrong, please ask a friend who loves books to give me some advice. Let's talk about the method of removing cover dirt first. If the lid is pressed with plastic film, it only needs to be washed with soap to achieve better results. If the cover is pure paper, whether it is dust, fly excrement or general stains, it can be removed by soaking in water. If there are stains such as handwriting on the cover, the treatment methods can be roughly divided into four categories: 1. Pencil marks: use an eraser. 2. Ink: It is said that you can put a piece of absorbent paper under the page, soak the stains with 20% hydrogen peroxide, and then put a piece of absorbent paper on the page and press a heavy object on it. When the ink is dissolved and absorbed by hydrogen peroxide, the ink will disappear after the paper is dried. But I have never used this method. 3. Oil pen (ballpoint pen) trace: I can only use fine sandpaper to wipe it repeatedly. This method is really rude, but I have no other good way. 2. Oil stain: It is said that after putting a piece of absorbent paper on the oil stain and ironing it with an iron a few times, the oil stain can be absorbed on the paper to make the pages smooth and clean. I have never used this method either. If the cover is damaged and repaired by a bookseller or someone, the treatment method is more complicated and can be roughly divided into two categories: 1. Tape: Many people like to use transparent tape (tape) to repair the pages, but after a long time, the tape will react chemically and seriously corrode the pages. Therefore, the tape method is the least desirable. In this case, I can only tear off the tape. Although this may destroy the integrity of the page, I have no other way to use it. 2. Sticking or glue repair: Sticking or glue will also cause great damage to the pages, and it will also stick the front and back together, which is not conducive to reading. In this regard, you can use the method of soaking in water to remove the paste or glue from the page, and then stick it back with a small piece of paper coated with white latex. On September 3rd, 2004, I bought a book The Story of Two Generations' Love (edited by Zhang Shijie, the first edition of China Children's Publishing House 1963, printed on April 4th, 1979). I soaked the cover and title page of the book in water and lifted it up bit by bit, finally letting the complete title page show in front of me. The white latex mentioned here, the scientific name is "polyvinyl acetate emulsion", which is milky and opaque, hence the name. In my opinion, it has the best bonding effect and won't wrinkle the pages. China Painting and Calligraphy Mounting (edited by Dong Wang, Jiangsu Ancient Books Publishing House, first edition 1988) introduces a method of restoring paintings and calligraphy, which can also be used for reference when restoring old books: "Soak in water, put it in a pool or basin with drain holes, plug the drain holes, and pour boiling water into the pool for scalding. After soaking for a long time, the upper layer of old ash will leave the picture, dissolve in water, and the water will be yellow. " Then unplug the plug and let out dirty water to see the soaking effect. ..... If the accumulated dust cannot be completely removed after repeated soaking, a small amount of bleaching powder can be added to clear water to remove the last layer of accumulated dust. "If the cover is damaged and not handled, it is necessary to analyze the specific problems: 1. Crack: If there are obvious paper fibers in the crack and there is no "lack of meat", apply a small amount of white latex to the affected area, smooth the crack, dry it and paste it (finally, paste plastic films on both sides of the crack to avoid milky white glue on the insert or title page). If the crack is "short of meat", it can only be filled with a small piece of paper coated with white latex. It is best to use a piece of paper with the same color as the cover, which looks more beautiful and natural. " "China Painting and Calligraphy Mounting" said: "Remedy cracks, use labeling method, that is, stick a strip on the back of the backing paper with rice paper at the crack, and cover the backing paper in the middle ..." This method seems to be almost less used with me. 2. Spinal cracking: If it is only cracking, it can be repaired with milky white glue; If the spine of the book is seriously damaged or no longer exists, it can be repaired with a piece of paper coated with white latex of the same quality and color, and the width of the paper should just cover the cover, so as to be resistant to turning over. 2. Hole: Fill it with a piece of paper of the same quality and color coated with white latex. " China Painting and Calligraphy Mounting once said: "Paper screening method: paste the residual holes and paste a piece of rice paper. After drying, tear off the four sides by hand. Because the residual hole has been pasted firmly, the shape of the four sides after tearing off is exactly the same as that of the residual hole. After covering, put this paper in the middle. Using this method to make up for disability is called' net paper'. "3 Let's talk about the handling of the page. In fact, the above methods are also applicable to pages, but there are several special points about page damage. 1. mildew: there are few mildew spots on the cover, which usually exist on the pages. " "China Painting and Calligraphy Mounting" said: "The mildew spots are painted with' gray manganese oxide', and the mildew spots turn purple; Then apply oxalic acid, which can turn from purple to yellow, remove light mold and reduce heavy mold. ..... Only purple spots are difficult to clean and can only be alleviated. "I looked it up on the Internet, and there was an article in the Labor newspaper," Raiders of Removing Plums after Discounting the Value of Various Collections ",which said that" use 3% potassium permanganate solution, brush the mildew spots with cotton swabs or brushes, and after one or two minutes, smear them with 5% oxalic acid solution to remove the mildew spots. "I haven't tried these methods, because I'm not too disgusted with mold. On February 24th, 2003, I bought a copy of Selected Poems and Fu by Yu Xin (selected by Tan Zhengbi, first edition of Classical Literature Publishing House, 1958). There are some purple mildew spots on the page, which look like ink painting and are very beautiful. I still have them, and I don't want to clean them. 2. Rust: Some old books are bound with nails, which are easy to rust when they are wet. It is said that rust can be wiped off with oxalic acid or citric acid solution, then washed with clear water and dried with blotting paper. But I have never used this method. 3. Cracks: Under normal circumstances, small pieces of paper with the same quality and color painted with white latex are directly bonded. If the cracks are long or appear in the text, you can't fill them casually, because there are words on both sides of the page, so you must handle them carefully. But I have no good way, so I can only make up for it with a narrow piece of paper. When making up, let the note stick in the gap of each line, which will affect the reading of the text. Anyway, I only use milky white glue for makeup, and never use paste, glue or scotch tape, because they do too much harm to the pages. In August 2004 1, I bought the second volume of Secrets of the Ancient City (by Le Bailang [France], translated by Zhou Shoujuan, and printed by Kant, Literature and Art Publishing House in 2005 1/month1day), but only the damaged cover was repaired at that time. A few days later, it somehow fell from the bookshelf to the ground, but I couldn't find it. My cat thinks this is a good tool for sharpening claws. After a few scratches, it tore several pages of text, so I had to make it up with a small piece of paper, using the method mentioned above. 4. Vegetable stains: There are always people who like to chew while eating, their mouths are not tightly closed, or there are loopholes in the original, and residues such as stewed lion heads and fried persimmons with eggs are sprinkled on the pages. What should I do? I can only curse those greedy ghosts in my heart. 5. Tide trace: Some people like to throw books into the water, thinking that they can be taught to swim. It is said that alum solution can be used to wash off the damp marks on the pages, but I haven't tried it, because I don't buy old books soaked in water at all unless I have to. 6. Wormholes: Wormholes in the book can be repaired with reference to the "hole-breaking" treatment method introduced above. But I have never tried it, because I like wormholes. Once, a friend gave me a copy of the Republic of China edition of Western Painting (encyclopedia series by Wu Mengfei) by the Commercial Press. The wormhole inside is ethereal, changeable, ingenious and beautiful, which amazes me. Such a beautiful wormhole, I want to keep everything. 7. Folding or missing corners: Many people like their opponents' hands and feet when reading books, and they have the ability to treat each page as a raw edge. Over time, many pages will have broken corners or missing corners, which is not conducive to reading. My treatment method is to use a piece of paper coated with white latex and stick it on the corner or missing corner of the page to increase the hardness or restore the original length. This method can also be used for cover with folded corners or missing corners. 8. Library seal or signature: Many old books have library seals or signatures, some of which can be removed by the above chemical methods, while others are beyond my power. I just cut them out with scissors and glued them on with white paper, just to keep my eyes quiet. The binding quality of some old books is very poor, especially when they are stapled and glued, and the cracking phenomenon is more serious. In my opinion, the only feasible way is to carefully tear off the cover of the old book, then drill holes in the book, replace the sewing needle with a straight paper clip and bind it with a thin thread. Then, repair the lid with milky white glue. In the future, this book will basically not be cracked unless it encounters very, very serious damage. Let's briefly talk about the maintenance of old books. The Catalogue of Ancient Books in the Library (the first edition of Zhonghua Book Company 1985) also states that old books should be fire-proof, waterproof, moisture-proof, insect-proof, rat-proof, dust-proof, glare-proof and high-temperature-proof, and the study windows should be equipped with frosted glass or shutters. I don't have these conditions, so let my old books go with the flow, because I always believe that under normal circumstances, the life of books will always be longer than that of people. I'm glad to answer it for you. I wish you happiness every day! If my answer is satisfactory to you, please click Accept! Thank you!