The first stage of Taoism was Yang Zhu, who saved himself by hiding, fled the world and lived in seclusion in the mountains. In the second stage of Laozi's Daoism, through the "Tao", that is, the law of things changing in the universe, things are developed in a direction that is beneficial to them and they are saved. Zhuangzi is the third stage of Taoism, and Zhuangzi looks at life and death from the height of "life and death is me", surpassing the real world.

2. Laozi is a false inaction, and Zhuangzi is a true inaction.

The core of Laozi's thought is "governing by doing nothing", but Laozi cares about politics and always gives advice to the rulers. "Sages teach without doing anything, but don't speak".

Laozi achieved the goal of "doing something" through "inaction". Laozi's "husband is the only one who does not dispute, so the world can't compete with him", and Laozi achieved the goal of "earning" through "not arguing". It is an indisputable fact that there is Machiavellianism in Laozi's thought.

Zhuangzi really has nothing to do. Zhuangzi sees through success or failure, fame and fortune. He is not hypocritical, but thorough. Zhuangzi advocated "carefree travel". Life is precious to people, and the value of life lies in freedom, which is the core of Zhuangzi's philosophy. So Zhuangzi is really doing nothing.

3. Lao Zi is ruthless and manipulative, and Zhuangzi is good at dealing with people.

Laozi's thought is cold and rational, seemingly unreasonable. "Heaven and earth are heartless, taking everything as a grass dog, saints are heartless, and taking people as grass dogs". Heaven and earth are heartless, and saints are heartless. They all treat everything and people as one thing, which reflects Lao Tzu's disloyalty.

Laozi's thoughts are full of tactics, giving advice to the rulers. It is an indisputable fact that Laozi's thoughts have tactics and even conspiracy theories.

Zhuangzi's thoughts are much more emotional. Zhuangzi is an excellent literary work, while Zhuang Zhou Meng Die is a short story full of philosophy of life. Zhuangzi seems heartless, but in fact he is the most affectionate.

The core of Zhuangzi's thought is "carefree travel". Life is precious to people, and the most precious value of life lies in freedom. Zhuangzi spent his life in this way. He put personal freedom and personal life above everything else, and freedom of life is exactly what Zhuangzi's philosophy pays attention to.

Similarities:

Zhuangzi Thought developed from Laozi Thought. He developed Laozi's Tao into subjective idealism and simple dialectics into relativism. The similarities between Laozi's and Zhuangzi's thoughts lie in that they all go beyond the ethical value level of life and don't pay attention to the difference between good and evil in real life. They are discussing the most fundamental existence value of life, that is, the value of life and death.

Based on the real life experience, they described the objective and eternal life foundation: Tao, so people called them Taoism.

Extended data:

Enlightenment of Laozi's health preserving thought;

1, follow the path and follow the morality.

Tao and virtue are not only the source and cornerstone of Laozi's profound philosophical system, but also the main line and main line running through his whole ideological system. Therefore, to fully and deeply understand his concept of health preservation, we must first understand the meaning and relationship between Tao and morality.

Tao is not only the natural way of the universe, but also the basic method for individuals to cultivate themselves and improve their personality. Morality is not the usual morality or virtue, but the necessary way for monks to be human. They are dialectical, unified and complementary. Virtue is the foundation of Tao, and Tao is the sublimation of virtue.

Without a solid foundation of virtue, it is difficult for individuals to continue, let alone family rule, even in ordinary life. On the other hand, people who have the means undoubtedly create good external conditions for the formation of morality, so that individuals can easily cultivate their own self-cultivation, achieve success, and finally realize the continuous development and perfection of their ideal personality.

To some extent, many of Laozi's health preservation concepts are based on Tao and virtue.

2. do nothing and raise.

Governing by doing nothing is a very important proposition in Laozi's philosophy. Especially for class, Lao Tzu put forward the idea of governing by doing nothing. "Tao often does nothing but doesn't do it" and "teaching without words is a saint." "If you do nothing, you will die." "Patriotic governance, how can you do nothing?" "Virtue inaction without thought. Friedrich Hirth has nothing to do with this. "

It is said that the ruling class should follow heaven, conform to nature and wait for merit when governing the country, so as to achieve the effect of governing by doing nothing and making the world peaceful. When it comes to keeping in good health, it is not difficult for us to draw inspiration from doing nothing. People are alive, no matter who they are, they have to face the natural way of birth, aging, illness and death.

Therefore, in terms of physical maintenance, as long as you follow the law and let nature take its course, you can achieve your goal, and there is no need to go too far. Therefore, in daily life, there is no need to believe and pursue the so-called health preservation technique too deliberately. Instead, eat when you should eat, drink when you should drink, work when you should work, and rest when you should rest. Only in this way can we get something for nothing and achieve the goal of health and longevity.

3. Be quiet.

When talking about how sentient beings recognize nature and face society, Lao Tzu bluntly said that in fact, neither heaven nor earth nor saints are kind to individuals, but they just let everyone die like animals.

Then, using the metaphor of bellows, it is clearly pointed out: "Is there still overlap between heaven and earth?" Empty and unyielding, move out. It is better to stay in the middle than to say too much. "

That is to say, between heaven and earth, is it not as empty as a bellows? The more you encourage it, the more windy it becomes, and it will never stop. Therefore, being a man should also be like a bellows, maintaining a state of virtual silence. This is not only an attitude towards life, but also a realm of life.

When we are faced with complicated people and things in our life, we can always maintain a good attitude of quietism, indifference and tranquility, then we will become wise men in life, and there will never be anything insurmountable. In fact, in life, many times it is not others who don't get along with themselves, but themselves.

To this end, we should always pay attention to adjusting our mentality, be content with happiness and have health in calmness and calmness.

4. Less words and more lines

Laozi repeatedly emphasized the truth of saying less and doing more in his exposition. "Xi leisurely, its words are expensive. When I succeed, people call me born. " It is said that saints govern the country, but they do not give orders too much. Win people's close praise. "Teaching without words is the benefit of inaction, and the world is looking forward to it." "Heaven won. Silent response. "

Words speak louder than words. In fact, many times, what we need is a special effect that silence is better than sound. As for "words are not beautiful, words are not credible." "The knower doesn't speak, but the speaker doesn't know." The truth of these classic words is self-evident and easy to understand.

In real life, we will always meet some people who like to talk big. Although you talk too much, you will inevitably make mistakes, and the result is often insincere and counterproductive. Therefore, for a truly cultured person, he will always be cautious, talk less and do more.

This can not only cultivate self-cultivation, but also facilitate interpersonal communication, which is very beneficial to personal health and development.

5, low-key and introverted

In his own works, Lao Tzu took pains to tell everyone that in dealing with people, he must be low-key and restrained. If we say that "being born with nothing, walking without relying, living and succeeding", we will emphasize the importance of low-key from the front.

Then, "Enterprises can't stand, can't cross, look at their own people who are unknown, people who are not good at it, it's useless to cut their own people, and people who brag about themselves are not long" warns people from the opposite side, and they can't be complacent and self-righteous.

"Retirement Heaven"; "The sage is behind first, but exists outside"; "It is a gentleman who is thick but not thin. In fact, he is not in China." It can be seen that the importance of low-key and introverted.

Laozi also described the importance of low-key and restrained by the truth that all rivers run into the sea; "Jiang Hai can be King Cooper because he is kind, so he can be King Cooper."

Even don't forget to associate low-key introverts with life and death: "Dare to kill, dare to live." In reality, only "knowing enough is not humiliating, content is not dangerous" can we realize our own life value.

Baidu Encyclopedia-Zhuangzi

Baidu encyclopedia-Laozi

People's Network-Laozi's Health Protection Enlightenment