Liezici
Liezi is casual, not vain, carefree, and devoted himself to learning. He has a high position among the pre-Qin philosophers and is also the most open-minded person. Liezi has many disciples, many of whom are with him all the year round. After listening to his preaching and teaching, Liezi School had a great influence in the late Warring States period. Liezi is a transitional stage between Laozi and Zhuangzi, which has the function of connecting the past with the future.
Liezi's masterpiece is Liezi. Eight works of Tian Rui, Zhong Ni, Liming, Huangdi, Tang Wen, Fu Shuo, Yang Zhu and Zhou Muwang have been preserved, and the rest chapters have been lost. Many fables in the rest chapters are widely circulated and meaningful, which have become philosophies to educate people's words and deeds. Liezi is one of the representative works in the pre-Qin period, which records the local customs, people's culture and regional characteristics of many places at that time, and is a masterpiece in studying history.
Liezi's personal thoughts include: attaching importance to emptiness, taking Tao as the foundation, integrating things with me, integrating body with Tao, being careless and stressing life. Most of his thoughts are spiritual, emphasizing health preservation. Tao is regarded as the noumenon of life, which is used to gain the freedom of mind and make people's body and mind reach a high level. The state of everything belongs to everything itself, and unexplained phenomena belong to life. His Taoist thoughts influenced later generations, and feudal emperors attached great importance to his thoughts. Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty was named "Xu Chong Real Person", and his book Liezi also left a far-reaching influence.
Liezi was a nationality of Zheng in the Warring States Period, and was also named in the Jade Mouth. According to historical records, Liezi lived in seclusion for forty years in Zheng, and devoted himself to studying Taoism, regardless of his career and vanity, and completed his masterpiece Liezi, which was more than 100,000 words long. Liezi left a glorious stroke for the long river of China's thought and culture, and his thoughts influenced countless talents.
Warring States map
Zheng was one of the vassal states in the early Warring States. In 806 BC, he was named Zheng Henggong. Zhengdi originally belonged to Fengxiang County, Shaanxi Province, and later changed to Shaanxi Huahua, and moved to Xinzheng, Henan Province during the Zhou Pingwang period.
In 77 1 BC, Zheng Henggong was killed by the dog Rong, and then he moved to Xinzheng, the border of the three places. During the period of Zheng Zhuanggong, Zheng had reached a powerful position. When Zhou saw Zheng's growing power, he wanted to break it, which led to Zheng Zhuanggong's dissatisfaction. So there was a conflict with Zhou, and Zheng was defeated one after another in the Battle of Gezhi. Then it was several times that of other vassal States, making Zheng the most powerful vassal state at that time. After his death, his son competed for the throne, and Zheng began to fall into chaos. Since then, Zheng has turned from prosperity to decline. In 375 BC, South Korea captured Zheng and Zheng perished. Zheng has a history of 432 years and has had 20 monarchs.
Liezi There are many fables in Liezi written by Zheng, such as Worrying about the Heaven, The Fool Moves the Mountain, Chasing the Sun, etc. These stories are household names, and Liezi is also the pride of the people in his hometown. Liezi was buried in Zheng after his death. Although it has changed for thousands of years, Liezi's present cemetery is still located in the fief of Zheng State, and Liezi himself is considered to have returned to his hometown.
Liezi was a famous thinker and writer in the Warring States period, and another representative figure of Taoism besides Laozi and Zhuangzi. Taoism was founded in the pre-Qin period, and Taoist thought began in Laozi. He collected the wisdom of his ancestors, and through continuous exploration, summed up and gradually formed the "inaction" and other related Taoist theories, marking the initial formation of the Taoist school.
Liezi statue
These thoughts had a profound influence on China's philosophy, religion, science, technology and literature. The representative figures of Taoism are Huangdi, Taigong, Guan Yinzi, Wen Zi, Liezi and Guan Zi. They take "Tao" as the core and advocate that Tao is natural and has simple dialectical thought.
Laozi's Tao Te Ching is a symbol of the formation of Taoist thoughts. Other Taoist works include Laozi, Zhuangzi, Huangdi Neijing, Liezi, Guanzi, Guanyinzi and Lu's Chunqiu. In addition to the above, there are countless Taoist works and many classic works, which are the essence of Taoist culture in China.
Taoism is based on Taoism and politically advocates inaction. Due to the different understanding of "Tao" in each period, it has been divided into many schools in the development history of thousands of years. Each school was born according to the special historical background at that time and has its own unique style and characteristics. According to the Records of Hanshu Yiwenzhi, there are as many as 37 Taoist schools with thousands of books, but they were destroyed in the Qin and Han Dynasties and many of them have disappeared. The existing schools of Taoism are: Laozi's learning, Huanglao's learning, Yang Zhu's learning, Taoism's learning, Neo-Taoism and so on. Although they all developed from Laozi, they have their own characteristics and cannot be confused.
Liezi, Liezi's hometown, was a famous thinker in the Warring States period. Liezi, also known as Xu Chongjing, is an important classic of Taoism. Liezi was born in poverty and devoted himself to studying knowledge. The "infinite universe theory" and "earthquake theory" he studied were earlier than similar theories in the west. Liezi is a famous Taoist figure in China, known as "Taoist".
Liezi hometown
Liezi has been studying in Zheng for forty years, with hundreds of thousands of words, leaving great spiritual wealth for future generations. Liezi's hometown is Putian Village, Zhengzhou City, not far from the east of Zhengzhou City. There is a small tomb in the village, which is said to be Liezi's tomb. Liezi Tomb is surrounded by rivers and many jujube trees, and Liezi Temple is built nearby. It was rebuilt in the Ming Dynasty, but it was destroyed in the Cultural Revolution. Liezi has been gradually known in recent years, and the * * * department has also rebuilt and protected Liezi's hometown. Liezi statue and typhoon platform were restored, and Liezi hometown exhibition hall was built, which improved people's understanding of Liezi. The local * * * widely publicized Liezi's hometown, making it a famous local tourist attraction, attracting many foreign tourists to Liezi and improving the local tourism economy.
Here, there are many stories about Liezi. Liezi is like a mythical figure here. The Liezi legend of 1 1 was also rated as an intangible cultural heritage project in Henan Province. There is also a local cultural festival about Liezi, and Liezi has become the pride of the local people. Liezi is such a great man. His story is inspirational, obscure and thirsty, but it is only for learning. His thoughts also successfully played the role of warning and enlightening others. Liezi's knowledge has not been lost, but his fame is not as good as theirs, which shows that the propaganda of Liezi is far from enough, and the propaganda of Liezi's thought and culture should be increased.
Liezi's story Liezi contains many stories of Liezi, such as Liezi's easy travel, Liezi's poverty, Liezi's learning and shooting, and so on. Through these stories, Liezi's noble sentiment and unique mentality are reflected. Liezi, who is indifferent to fame and fortune, is a model for us to learn and can improve our self-cultivation.
Liezi Yufeng Feixiang Statue
Story 1: Liezi lives in poverty and his appearance has changed color because of hunger. Someone said to Zheng Guoyiyang, "Lieyukou is a thoughtful Taoist. Living in your country is so poor. Don't you like virtuous people? " Ziyang immediately asked officials to send food to Liezi. Liezi came out to meet the messenger, but refused to accept it after thanking him, so the messenger had to leave. Liezi went back to the house, and his wife beat her chest and said, "I heard that a learned man can make his wife and children feel at ease and happy." Now that we are hungry, the monarch asked someone to bring you food, and you refused. Is hunger our life? Liezi smiled and said to her, "The monarch himself doesn't know me, and he only gave me food because others said so. When he wants to punish me one day, he will punish me for what others say, which is why I don't accept it. "Later, people did kill Ziyang while it was difficult.
Story 2: Liezi learned archery, and when he hit it, he went to Guan Yinzi for advice. Guan Yinzi said, "Do you know why you shot?" Liezi replied: "I don't know." Guan Yinzi said, "Not yet." Liezi went back to continue his studies. Three years later, he told Guan Yinzi about his archery. Guan Yinzi said, "Do you know why you shot?" Liezi replied, "I see." Guan Yinzi said: "Well, we must remember this truth and don't neglect it easily. Not only archery, but also self-cultivation in governing the country.
Story 3: Liezi claimed to have studied with Huqiuzi for nine years and learned to fly against the wind. Liezi flies in the wind every spring. Liezi felt the blend of body and soul when he was flying, and his mind was condensed. The five senses and body no longer exist, and he drifted unconsciously, only hearing the sound of the wind coming from his ear.