"enclave" Kaliningrad region

On the east coast of the Baltic Sea, between Lithuania and Poland, there is a piece of land with an area of 1. 1.5 million square kilometers. This is Kaliningrad, the smallest federal institution in Russia, where lyudmila, the wife of Russian President Vladimir Putin, was born. Although the westernmost state in Russia has always been under the jurisdiction of the Russian Federation, it is a real "enclave" 600 kilometers away from the Russian Federation.

Most of Kaliningrad is located in Ple Gaulias River basin. The terrain is dominated by lowlands, swamps and gentle hills, and mixed forests grow on 20% of the land. Kaliningrad was originally a part of East Prussia, Germany, and its central city was Konigsberg. After World War II, according to the Potsdam Agreement signed by the Soviet Union, the United States and Britain, Konigsberg was allocated to the Soviet Union together with the northern part of East Prussia, and the other two-thirds of the territory of East Prussia was allocated to Poland. 1946, this land became a state of the Russian Federation. In memory of Kaliningrad, the just-perished Soviet Union, the state was named after him, and Konigsberg was renamed Kaliningrad and made the state capital. The Soviet government forcibly expelled the German residents here and moved in a large number of Russian residents. 1990 In March, Lithuania declared its independence and became a sovereign state, separating the Russian Federation from Kaliningrad, making the country an "island". Since then, the residents of this country have had to pass through two sovereign independent countries-Lithuania and Belarus.

Kaliningrad is on the Baltic Sea, with a population of 450,000, nearly half of the state. This is an important naval base in Russia, and the Baltic Fleet Command is located here. Kaliningrad is also a Russian trading port and fishing port, with famous shipyards and amber factories. Amber production here is world-famous, and its reserves account for 90% of the world's reserves. Amber factory has a history of more than half a century, producing 400 tons of amber every year, with an output value of $3 million. Products are exported to Japan, Poland, Lithuania and Germany. Kaliningrad is short of natural resources. 90% of the raw materials needed by the factory are mainly transported from Russia and other countries by rail and car, and 80% of the electricity comes from Russia.