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What is menopause?
What is menopause? "Menopause" refers to the period when male and female sexual functions enter recession. Generally speaking, it refers to the period when women stop ovulation, the reproductive period ends and endocrine changes between 40 and 60 years old. Because of the decline of sex hormones and ovarian function and irregular menstrual cycle, women need more physiological and psychological adjustment. Menopause for men usually occurs around the age of 50, which is characterized by fatigue, muscle stiffness and back pain.

Reasons for the definition of menopause: 1994 The World Health Organization (WHO) also put forward a new definition of perimenopausal period at the conference on "Progress of Climacteric Research in the 1990s" to replace the word "menopause". Perimenopausal period can be as short as 2 ~ 3 years or as long as 8 ~ 12 years. When did menopause begin? It is vague in the memory of most women. Most women can only tell when menopause happened, but they often can't remember when they began to feel unwell and when their symptoms disappeared. However, not having menopause does not mean not having entered menopause.

In recent years, the content of male menopause has been added.

One? Female menopause: also known as perimenopausal syndrome, also known as menopausal syndrome (MPS), refers to a series of autonomic nervous system dysfunction and neuropsychological symptoms caused by the fluctuation or decrease of sex hormones before and after menopause.

Female menopausal symptoms: 1, menstrual disorder:

What are the symptoms of female menopause? It is the most common and prominent performance of menopausal women. Menstruation is often delayed, even once every few months, and the amount of menstruation gradually decreases. When estrogen is less and less, it can no longer cause endometrial changes and menstruation stops. This is called menopause.

2, backache:

Low back pain is an early symptom of osteoporosis in menopausal women, and some women suffer from low back and limb pain, scapulohumeral periarthritis and cervical spondylosis.

3. Neurological and mental diseases:

Some women's blood pressure fluctuates obviously, which may lead to emotional instability, excitability, personality change and memory loss.

Symptom 4. Hot flashes: What are the symptoms of female menopause? This is one of the main features of menopause. Due to the decrease of estrogen level, the blood calcium level of some women also decreases, and there will be bouts of fever, blushing and sweating, accompanied by dizziness and palpitation, lasting for one or two minutes or 12 minutes to 15 minutes.

Precautions for female menopause: 1. Wear several layers of clothes, preferably cotton. If there is hot flashes, undress outside. In addition, at the beginning of hot flashes, drink a glass of cold water or iced juice.

2. Wear cotton pajamas to keep the bedroom cool. Put more sheets on the bed. Wet the sheets in hot flashes and you can take them off.

Pay attention to diet, don't drink, don't eat spicy food.

4. Keep exercising. Some women find that keeping exercising can reduce the influence of hot flashes and help them sleep.

5. Eat more tofu. Beans contain a substance that belongs to estrogen, which may help relieve symptoms such as hot flashes. You can also drink cold soybean milk at the beginning of hot flashes.

6. Be patient. The symptom of menopause is "rabbit tail-it can't grow". It will gradually disappear in 3-5 years at most.

7. Deal with vaginal dryness. Decreased libido seems to be related to vaginal dryness. Because vaginal dryness can cause sexual pain. There are vaginal lubricating creams on the market, some containing estrogen and some water-soluble ones without estrogen, which can lubricate the vagina and solve the problem of vaginal dryness during sexual intercourse.

From a health point of view, some symptoms of menopause are not a big problem. More important is the long-term health effects after menopause. Today, women have at least 30 years after menopause. These 30 years can be very healthy and happy. However, due to the obvious decrease of estrogen level in the body, the risk of two health-threatening diseases has increased significantly. One of them is heart disease. Before menopause, few women died of heart disease. After menopause, the number of women who died of heart disease began to increase. By the age of 75, the probability of heart disease for men and women is basically the same.

At the age of 65, almost the same number of women died of heart disease and cancer. By the age of 75, heart disease has become the main killer of women. Another major health threat after menopause is osteoporosis. Osteoporosis can lead to fractures and seriously affect the quality of life of women in their later years. Women's bone mineral density is not as high as that of men from birth, and the rate of bone loss after menopause is also faster than that of men. This is why many women will get osteoporosis after the age of 65. Therefore, it is important for women to recognize these risks and start prevention before menopause. Good hygiene habits are the best way to prevent heart disease and osteoporosis.

Dietotherapy for female menopause: Fang Yi lotus seed porridge: lotus seed 30g, lily japonica rice 30g cooked with porridge, taken in the morning and evening 1 time. It is suitable for people with palpitation, insomnia, palpitation, forgetfulness, limb weakness and rough skin before and after menopause.

Fang er gan mai yin: 30g of wheat, 0/0g of red dates/kloc, 0/0g of licorice/kloc, decocted in water. Take/kloc-0 every morning and evening. It is suitable for those who are accompanied by hot flashes, sweating, irritability, palpitation, melancholy and irritability, and dull complexion before and after menopause.

Fangsanqizao decoction: decoct Fructus Lycii, Mulberry and Jujube in water for 65438 0 times, once in the morning and once in the evening; Or use 30 grams of yam and lean meat 100 grams of stew to drink, once a day 1 time. Suitable for menopausal patients with dizziness, poor diet, lethargy, fatigue and pale face.

Fangsi Red Bean Coix Seed and Jujube Porridge: 30g Red Bean, 30g Coix Seed, 30g Japonica Rice and 0/0 Red Jujube, cooked daily. 1 3 times a day. It is suitable for menopausal patients with edema of limbs, loose skin and joint pain.

Shredded pork with winter bamboo shoots of Lycium barbarum in Wu Fang: 30g of winter bamboo shoots of Lycium barbarum, 0/00g of lean meat/kloc-,proper amount of lard, salt, monosodium glutamate, soy sauce and starch. Heat lard in a wok, add shredded pork and shredded bamboo shoots, stir-fry until cooked, and add other seasonings. Every day 1 time. It is suitable for dizziness, upset, irritability, menorrhagia, dull complexion, hand, foot and heart fever.

Fang Liu Sheng Huangdi porridge: 30g of Radix Rehmanniae, 30g of Polygonatum sibiricum and 30g of japonica rice. First, decoct the two kinds of water to get juice, and cook japonica rice porridge with medicinal juice. Every day 1 time. Indications are as above.

Fang Qi jujube porridge: 30g of Ziziphus jujuba seeds and 60g of japonica rice. Wash Ziziphus jujuba seeds, decoct them in water to get juice, and cook them with japonica rice into porridge, daily 1 dose, and take 1 day for1treatment course. Suitable for menopausal psychosis, excessive anger, dull complexion, loss of appetite and other symptoms.

Cyprinus carpio soup with Fu Ba slices: prepared slices 1 5g, carp1strip (weighing about 500g). First, the aconite is boiled in clear water for 2 hours, then the carp is washed, and then the carp is cooked with the medicine juice. When eating, add Jiang Mo, chopped green onion, salt, monosodium glutamate, etc. It is suitable for menopausal patients with dizziness, tinnitus, backache or edema of lower limbs, chills, cold leucorrhea, cold pain in the lower abdomen and dull complexion.

Fangjiu Sophora japonica porridge: 30 grams of Sophora japonica flower (dried), or 50 grams of fresh, 50 grams of japonica rice, and appropriate amount of brown sugar. Put Albizia Albizia, japonica rice and brown sugar into a pot, add 500 ml of water and cook with slow fire until the porridge is cooked. Eat warm food on an empty stomach every night before going to bed 1 hour. It has the effects of tranquilizing mind, relieving depression, promoting blood circulation, beautifying face and reducing swelling. Suitable for menopausal dysphoria, depression, dysphoria, forgetfulness and insomnia.

Fangshi Ganmai Jujube Porridge: 50g of barley and 50g of japonica rice, 0/0g of jujube/kloc-0 and 5g of licorice/kloc-0. First, stir-fry licorice, remove residues, and then cook it with japonica rice, barley and jujube to make porridge. Take it twice a day on an empty stomach. Has effect in invigorating qi, tranquilize mind, calming heart and caring skin. Suitable for menopausal women who are in a trance, often feel sad and want to cry, unable to control themselves, insomnia and night sweats, red tongue with little coating, and rapid pulse.

Recipe of Fangxi Shouwu Rice: Shouwu 10-30g (cloth), rice (or millet) 100g. Usage: Put the porridge in a casserole. Breakfast and dinner daily 1 dose.

Health care recipes for female menopause: under the premise of full psychological and spiritual preparation, health care is also essential. Chinese medicine believes that "women should nourish blood", only qi and blood can make muscles moist and comfortable, and evil cannot be made. The following are three cases of nourishing blood medicated diet for reference:

1, jujube black fungus soup: 8 red dates, 20g black fungus, appropriate amount of water, appropriate amount of rock sugar, steam in the pot 1 hour, eat jujube black fungus and drink soup.

2, old hen jujube soup: an old hen, jujube 12, wash jujube into the chicken belly, simmer for 5 hours, add salt to taste after the meat is rotten, and take it with meals.

3, longan glutinous rice porridge: 25 grams of longan meat, 40 grams of glutinous rice, porridge into longan meat, if the heart and kidney do not pay, insomnia, choose to add Polygonum Multiflori Radix, fried jujube kernels, Albizia Albizia flowers, which has the effect of nourishing blood and calming the nerves. If you have lower abdomen (lower abdomen) and vomiting, add cinnamon and processed ginger, which has the effect of warming meridians and dispelling cold. If the body fat is thick, adding orange peel, plantain seed and cypress can eliminate phlegm and dampness. Such as soft Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. Viscum, Radix Dipsaci, Bushen Guchong.

In addition, moderate outdoor exercise can increase the hematopoietic function in the body.

Male menopause: Male menopause refers to the specific period of male transition from middle age to old age. It is a transitional period based on the changes of hormone level, biochemical environment and psychological state in men. If the change process is too drastic, it will adversely affect the functions of multiple organ systems, reduce the quality of life, and show some abnormal symptoms or (and) signs of body and mind, accompanied by a decrease in serum testosterone level, which is called male climacteric syndrome.

Heller, an Istanbul psychologist, first put forward the term "male menopause" in 1939, but it was not until the Austrian urological society put forward "partial androgen deficiency in middle-aged and elderly men" in 1994 that it was accepted by the medical community. At present, there are many references about male menopause, such as "male menopause, androgen deficiency and delayed hypogonadism".

Male menopause is caused by the deterioration of testicular function. Testicular degeneration and atrophy are slow and gradual, and the secretion of sex hormones is also slow, and the production of sperm does not completely disappear during menopause. Male menopause comes late, and the time of occurrence is very inconsistent. The onset age is generally around 55-65 years old, and the clinical manifestations are different, ranging from unconsciousness to life and work, and patients feel very painful.

Male climacteric symptoms: 65,438+0, liver and kidney yin deficiency: symptoms include dizziness, backache, tinnitus, night sweats, irritability, red face, fever of hands and feet, dry mouth and throat, short and red urine, red tongue and thready pulse.

2, urine aging: around 50 years old, the human glomerular filtration rate will gradually decline, blood urea nitrogen began to rise, renal tubular function decreased significantly, urine concentration function also decreased sharply. Therefore, after entering menopause, I often feel that I have too much urine at night, and I have a sense of urine or residual urine. Symptoms of heart-kidney disharmony include: restlessness, insomnia, palpitation, dizziness, backache, forgetfulness, upset and fever, red tongue and rapid pulse.

3, reproductive organs aging: after entering menopause, reproductive organs will also appear obvious aging phenomenon, which is caused by the gradual decline of gonadal function; It is also the most important link that affects the character, mood and thinking of the elderly. If we don't face it with a healthy concept, it will lead to the emergence of "menopausal syndrome".

4, skin aging: when men are menopausal, the skin will also age, and it will age from the face, and then the neck, hands and feet will age.

Dietary taboo of male menopause: it should also be treated according to the principle of syndrome differentiation of traditional Chinese medicine.

1, after entering the age of 50, most people with liver and kidney yin deficiency gradually manifest as backache and leg weakness, dizziness, tinnitus and deafness, memory loss, impatience and irritability, five vexations and fever, dry mouth and scanty fluid, and the penis is easy to erect, but it will soon become soft and weak, and the semen output will decrease day by day, with less tongue coating, red tongue and rapid pulse. At this time, it is advisable to eat foods with the functions of nourishing yin and reducing fire, nourishing liquid and clearing heat, and avoid items that are spicy and fragrant, help positive heat, hurt yin and consume body fluid; ?

1. Sesame porridge: black sesame 10g, rice 10g. Wash black sesame seeds with clear water, fry them in a pot, grind them into mud and cook them with rice.

Make porridge, season and eat.

2. Xuan Di black-bone chicken soup: 9g of Radix Scrophulariae, 5g of Radix Rehmanniae/kloc-0, 50g of black-bone chicken. Eviscerate the black-bone chicken, put Radix Scrophulariae and Radix Rehmanniae into the belly of the chicken, sew it firmly, simmer in water, and take it after seasoning.

3, Hu Aishan jujube lean meat: Hu Aishan 30g, jujube 20g, pork lean meat100g, add water and cook in a casserole, eat meat and drink soup.

2. People with spleen and kidney yang deficiency are more common in obesity, mental fatigue, chills and cold limbs, loss of appetite, loose stool, long urination, frequent urination at night, loss of libido, cold semen, pale tongue, thin white fur and weak pulse. At this time, it is advisable to eat hot food with the function of warming and replenishing vitality, or eat warm food with the function of invigorating spleen and warming kidney, and avoid all kinds of foods that are cold, hurting spleen and yang, consuming gas and nourishing greasy.

1, walnut and lotus seed porridge: 20g of walnut kernel, 0g of lotus seed18g, 0g of Euryale ferox18g, and 60g of rice, which are cooked together and eaten after seasoning.

2. Wolfberry mutton soup: Lycium barbarum 15g, chestnuts 18g, and mutton 60g. Wash and cut into pieces, stew all the ingredients in a pot, and season to serve.

3. People who are afraid of lack of heart are timid and easily frightened. They are even more timid during sexual intercourse, with decreased sexual desire, accompanied by impotence and premature ejaculation, suspicious when things happen, uneasy, dreamy at night, often sad and crying, uncontrollable, red tongue and weak pulse. At this time, it is appropriate to take foods that have the functions of nourishing the heart, calming the nerves, invigorating qi and benefiting blood, and avoid foods that are cold and yang-damaging, spicy and irritating, and fragrant and dry.

1, longan lily porridge: longan meat 30g, lily 30g, jujube 6 pieces, rice 100g, appropriate amount of rock sugar, boiled into porridge, and taken in the morning and evening.

2. Lean lotus seed soup: 250g lean pork, 30g lotus seed and 30g lily, boiled into soup, seasoned and taken once a day 1 time.

3. Ganmai Lianzao Decoction: 6 grams of licorice, 0/5g of Huai Mai/kloc-,0/0g of Ophiopogon japonicus/kloc-,0/5g of lotus seeds/kloc-and 30g of jujube. Decocting Radix Glycyrrhizae, Semen Tritici Aestivi and Radix Ophiopogonis, and then boiling Semen Nelumbinis and Fructus Jujubae with the decoction.

4. People with liver depression and qi stagnation are depressed, unhappy, or anxious, with fullness in the chest and hypochondrium, wandering pain, sighing, belching, loss of appetite, loss of appetite, loss of libido, or long-term lack of libido, thin and white tongue coating and thready pulse. At this time, it is advisable to eat items with the functions of regulating qi, soothing the liver, relieving depression and strengthening the spleen, and avoid cold, nourishing, greasy and sticky food.

1, Shugan Liqi Pill

2. Jianpi Pill.

Psychological treatment and nursing care of male menopause

Properly control your emotions and cultivate a variety of hobbies, such as listening to music, planting flowers and birds, listening to songs and dancing, traveling, etc. , to cultivate sentiment. You can also make friends, talk and exchange ideas.

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Eat reasonably. Strengthen diet, eat more soy products, fresh vegetables and fruits, maintain the daily calorie at about 2000kcal(8668kj), reduce sugar and fatty foods, especially limit the amount of animal fats and oils.

1, mussel depressurization

After men enter menopause, they first show their posture, for example, their muscles are not as strong and elastic as when they were young. This is because the skin fat is gradually increasing and the weight is obviously increased. The whole person looks not only bloated, but also particularly flabby. On the one hand, this result has a lot to do with middle-aged men eating more and exercising less, on the other hand, it may be caused by metabolic disorder of the body.

Mytilus is called "the egg in the sea", and its nutritional value is higher than that of seafood such as shrimp, crab, sea cucumber and scallop, and its fat, protein, minerals, carbohydrates and vitamins are much higher than that of yellow croaker. Mytilus also contains a lot of iodine and unsaturated fatty acids, especially tetracarboxylic acids, the ratio of which is 16. 6%, and tetracarboxylic acid is one of the essential fatty acids for food supply and cannot be synthesized in human body. Essential fatty acids are very important for maintaining normal physiological function, promoting development, protecting skin and lowering blood pressure and blood lipid.

Step 2 drink black soybean milk

Male menopause is caused by the decrease of hormone secretion. Men around the age of 50 enter menopause, and with the decrease of androgen level, bone mineral density will also decrease. Fracture is more likely to occur at this time.

Black beans are not only rich in calcium, but also contain more lecithin and saponins. Lecithin can reduce "bad cholesterol" and prevent arteriosclerosis, while saponin has strong antioxidant effect and can effectively prevent cancer and obesity. Stir-fry black beans and sesame seeds respectively, put them into a food processor and smash them, and then drink them with milk or soybean milk, so that their nutrients are more easily absorbed by the human body. Middle-aged men can effectively supplement calcium by drinking a cup of 200 ml of black soybean milk before breakfast or dinner every day.

3. Mulberry can calm nerves

Male menopausal symptoms are mostly manifested in mental and neurological aspects, such as irritability, insomnia, headache, memory loss, tension, burnout, unstable cardiovascular function and so on. Therefore, eating more foods that improve the nervous system and cardiovascular function is helpful to soothe the nerves and nourish the heart, and relieve the symptoms of nervous system and cardiovascular diseases.

Mulberry can be eaten and used as medicine. Chinese medicine believes that mulberry is sweet and sour, slightly cold, and enters the heart, liver and kidney meridians, which is a good fruit for nourishing and strengthening, nourishing the heart and improving intelligence. Mulberry contains a variety of vitamins, more than ten kinds of amino acids and trace elements such as calcium, phosphorus, iron, copper and zinc. Its nutrition is 5-6 times that of apples and 4 times that of grapes.

Therefore, it is called "folk sacred fruit". Cooking porridge with mulberry and glutinous rice, adding a little rock sugar or honey, once a day 1 time, can achieve the effects of nourishing brain, heart, liver and kidney, nourishing blood and improving eyesight. Male menopausal dizziness, backache, fever in hands and feet, irritability, palpitations and insomnia can often eat mulberries.

4, mutton strength

Weakening sexual desire is also a symptom of most men entering menopause. In principle, the sexual life of middle-aged men should not be excessive, otherwise the body will age too fast, but there must be no sexual life, otherwise the ability to produce semen will decline. As long as sexual life is normalized, I don't feel tired or too little.

Therefore, we should eat more foods that can improve and enhance gonadal function. Because, after the improvement of gonadal function, it can fundamentally alleviate various symptoms of menopause. Foods with this function are: mutton, shrimp, sheep kidney, sea cucumber, fish belly, loach, sparrow, leek, walnut, sesame and so on.

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1, engaged in outdoor activities

Do more outdoor activities, don't be bored at home alone, and take part in some physical exercises if possible, such as playing ball, dancing and playing Tai Ji Chuan. Outdoor activities can not only breathe fresh air, but also regulate autonomic nerves through various activities to achieve the purpose of psychological pleasure.

2. Timely psychological venting.

There are two ways to relieve psychological stress. One way is self-persuasion and self-liberation, that is, thinking from another angle can lead to completely new conclusions. Another way is to use others to release emotions. If you are depressed, you can find your fellow villagers, classmates and close friends to vent, or cry bitterly to vent your psychological depression.

3. Regular living habits

Eat, sleep and exercise scientifically. Eat regularly and don't overeat. Drink in moderation, not too much. Regular living habits not only contribute to people's health, but also help to cultivate their own good mood.