Lesson 20. Xiang Yu has no ambition.

His name is Yu, and he is a young minister. It happened in Ji Xiang, he was 24 years old, and Ji Xiang's uncle's name was Xiang Liang.

Xiang Liang's father, Xiang Yan, was a famous Chu-Han star who was killed by A Qin General Wang Jian. Xiang's family was General Chu, and his fief was in Xiang.

City, so the surname.

Ji Xiang studied Chinese characters when he was young, but failed in literature and history. Fencing is a history of martial arts, and there is no achievement, Xiang Liang.

Ji Xiang was very angry: "Words are just names; Fencing can only defeat one person and is not worth learning. Worth learning

It is a great skill that can defeat ten thousand people. "Xiang Liang felt very reasonable, so he taught Ji Xiang the art of war. Ji Xiang this just an eyebrow.

Smile, but I only know the general idea of Sun Tzu's art of war, so I won't go into the end.

Qin Shihuang traveled, toured Huiji County, crossed Zhejiang, and watched with Xiang Liang and Ji Xiang. Ji Xiang said, "That man can take his place." Xiang Liang quickly covered Ji Xiang's mouth and said, "Don't talk nonsense! To exterminate the nation! " So Xiang Liang thinks Xiang's native place is a wizard. Ji Xiang is more than eight feet long and can lift a tripod; Smart, the son of Wu, all afraid.

1. General Chu, Xiang Yan/General Wang Jian misjudged him/Xiang was General Chu/sealed in Xiang/hence the name Xiang.

2. Ji Xiang is more than eight feet long and can lift a tripod; Smart, the son of Wu, all afraid.

Answer from three aspects: "despise reading and learning, advocate showing off your strength and be ambitious." Given his personality,

As long as it makes sense.

When you are angry, you will never die. Elegant what can I do?

Lesson 265438 Wang Mian

Wang Mian is from Zhuji. When he was seven or eight years old, his father told him to go to the fields to herd cattle, and Wang Mian secretly went to school.

After listening to the students' reading aloud, I wrote it down silently. When I came home at night, I even forgot about the cows. Some people blame cows.

After destroying the field, my father was very angry and beat him, but the situation soon recovered. Wang Mian's mother said, "My son is right.

Reading is so crazy, why not let go? "Wang Mian will leave home and live in the temple. evening

In fact, he sneaked out, sat on the Buddha's lap, and read a book in front of the Buddha's ever-burning lamp all night. The Buddha is very big.

Most of them are clay sculptures, and their faces are ferocious and terrible. Wang Mian was at ease, as if he hadn't seen them.

Han Xing of Anyang was surprised when he heard this and was recorded as a disciple. Through study, he finally became a learned scholar.

1.( 1) Ridge Heights (2) Morning

2.( 1) Wang Mian remembered silently after listening. (2) Han Xing of Anyang, I heard that he studied hard and was different.

3. The school eavesdrops on reading. Just reason around the center of learning to be a useful person. For example, you must study hard and study hard.

Poor conditions, as long as you work hard, you can still succeed

Lesson 22-RoyceWong

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Wang can is from Gaoping County, Shanyang County. Emperor Han Xian moved westward, while Wang Can moved to Chang 'an. When Cai Yong, commander-in-chief of the left army, saw RoyceWong, he felt that he was different from ordinary people. At that time, Cai Yong's knowledge was very famous, and he held an important position in the imperial court. He is often full of carriages and guests. I heard that RoyceWong sought audience outside the door and went out to meet him before he could put on his shoes. RoyceWong came in, young and short, and all the guests were surprised. Cai Yong said, "This is the grandson of the maharaja. He has extraordinary talent. I can't compare with him. All the books and articles in my family should be given to him. " At the age of seventeen, Si Tuleideng was recruited as a subordinate, and the emperor appointed him as assistant minister of the Yellow Gate. Due to the unrest in Chang 'an, none of them arrived. Later, RoyceWong went to Jingzhou to attach himself to Liu Biao; Liu Biao doesn't think highly of RoyceWong, because he is ugly, thin and has a casual manner. After Liu Biao's death, RoyceWong persuaded Liu Biao's son Liu Cong to submit to Mao. Mao appointed RoyceWong as the prime minister and conferred the title of Hou in Shanhaiguan pass. Dazu gave a banquet by the Hanshui River. RoyceWong raised his glass to congratulate him, saying, "Yuan Shao has set out for Hebei, relying on a large number of people, and is determined to annex the world. However, Yuan Shao likes to recruit talents but can't reuse them. People with wizards left him. Liu Biao waited in Jingzhou, thinking that he could follow Zhou Wenwang's example and seize the world. Scholars who come to Jingzhou to avoid chaos are all heroes of the country; Liu Biao didn't know how to appoint them, so the country was in danger and no one helped. The Ming Dynasty pacified Jizhou, and as soon as it arrived there, it reorganized the army, recruited heroes there, and appointed them to govern the world. After the Jianghan area was pacified, the sages and heroes there were used, and their positions were placed separately. Let the world return to the heart. I hope your arrival can stabilize the society, use martial arts together, and heroes can give full play to their talents. This is the practice of the three kings! " Later, RoyceWong was promoted to drink in the army. After the establishment of Wei State, he was appointed as an assistant. RoyceWong is knowledgeable and has questions to answer. At that time, the original etiquette was abandoned and relaxed, and various systems were established, often presided over by RoyceWong. Previously, RoyceWong walked with others and read the inscription on the roadside. Someone asked him, "Can you recite?" RoyceWong said, "Yes." So everyone asked him to turn his back on the inscription and recite it word for word. Watching people play Weiqi, the chess game was chaotic, and RoyceWong restored the original chess game for them. If the player doesn't believe it, he will cover the game with a headscarf and let him play with another set of chess. Used to compare with each other, one is right. His memory is too good. RoyceWong is good at writing chapters, and he can write them all at once without modification. At that time, people often thought that he had written it beforehand. But even if you think about it carefully, you can't surpass it.

1. Time/talent is extraordinary.

2.( 1) What's the surprise? (2) full. (3)

3. So Wang Neng recited the inscription, and Wang Neng recited it exactly the same.

4. rote memorization; Good at calculation; Well written.

I didn't expect the guest warmly greeted by Cai Yong to be a young and short child.

6. Cai Yong's concern and attention to the hearts of young people is admirable.

Lesson 23-Wang Xizhi

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Wang Xizhi of Jin Dynasty, a few words, son of Wang Kuang. At the age of seven, he was good at calligraphy. At the age of twelve, he saw the ancient "Pen Shuo" under his father's pillow and stole it. Father asked, "Why did you steal my secret book?" Wang Xizhi just laughed and didn't answer. Mother said, "Look at the pen." Father thinks he is young and is afraid that he can't keep a secret. He said to Wang Xizhi, "I'll teach you when you grow up." Wang Xizhi sincerely asked his father, "Give it to me now. If you wait until adulthood, I am afraid that you will bury your childhood talents. " Father was very happy and gave it to him. In less than a month, calligraphy has made great progress. After reading it, Mrs Wei said to Wang Ce, the Taichang official, "Xizhi must have read Bi Shuo. I recently learned his calligraphy. " With tears streaming down her face, she said, "This child will definitely be more famous than me." During the Jin Dynasty, the imperial court held a sacrificial ceremony in the northern suburbs. When replacing the bamboo board, the worker cut off his words and infiltrated the board for three points.

1. Order and use/make it wait for adults/scared children and children.

2.( 1) Strictly confidential; (2) teaching (3) full, to

3.③.

4.C

This child will cover my reputation.

6. Reason: smart, fond of calligraphy, subjective efforts, correct teaching.

Understanding: In real life, I think interest is the best teacher. It is precisely because Wang Xizhi likes writing that he is eager to learn and make progress.

To be a book saint!

Two translations of this essay.

(1) When Confucius was studying in the East, he saw two children quarreling, and Confucius asked them why they quarreled.

A child said, "I think the sun is close to people when it first comes, and far away from people at noon."

Another child thinks that the sun is far away from people when it comes out and near people at noon.

A child said, "When the sun first comes out, it looks like a big dome, and at noon, it looks like a plate or bowl. Isn't it far small and near big? "

Another child said, "When the sun comes out, it is cold and cold. At noon, it is as hot as hot water. It's not hot when it's near, and it's not cold when it's far away? "

Confucius could not judge who was right and wrong.

The two children smiled and said, "Who says you know much?"

When Jin Mingdi was only a few years old, he sat on Yuan Di's knee. A man from Chang 'an, Yuan Di asked him about Luoyang, and he couldn't help crying. Ming Di asked Yuan Di why he was crying, and Yuan Di told him the whole story of moving eastward in detail. So I asked Ming Di, "Which one do you think is farther from Chang 'an than the sun?" Ming Di replied, "The sun is far away. I have never heard of who is from the sun, obviously. " Yuan Di was very surprised.

The next day, Yuan Di called ministers to hold a banquet and told everyone what Ming Di said. Then he asked Ming Di again, but Ming Di replied, "The sun is near." Yuan Di was surprised and asked, "Why are you different from what you said yesterday?" Ming Di replied, "Because you can see the sun when you look up, but you can't always see Chang 'an. "

1.( 1) hot water. Surprised at ...

2.C

3.( 1) Who said you were well informed? (2) Why is it different from yesterday's words?

4. When is the sun far (near) from people? Which is smarter, Chang 'an or Sun?

25. Bao's son

Translation:

Tian, an aristocrat of Qi State, once offered sacrifices in the courtyard. After the ceremony, thousands of guests were invited to the banquet. ?

During the dinner, some people presented fish and geese. He looked at them and said with emotion, "How profound the gratitude of God to mankind is! We have cultivated grain and cultivated fish and birds for us to enjoy. " No sooner had he finished than all the guests at the party echoed their agreement. ?

At this moment, a Bao boy of 12 years old stood up and said, "It's not what you said! Everything between heaven and earth, and everything we live in nature, is everything. Things themselves, there is no distinction between high and low, only by the size of wisdom and strength, mutual restraint, in order to survive, rather than who is born for whom. Humans got something to eat, where people were born on the last day. For example, mosquitoes and gnats suck human blood and tigers and wolves eat human flesh. Is it true that human beings were born to make food for mosquitoes, tigers and wolves? " ?

1( 1) Eat each other together (2) At (3) (4)

2.( 1)B (2)D (3)B (4)A (5)B (6)

3.( 1) God is so generous to people! (2) Is it because God came here to let human beings eat edible things?

4. The sky is only thicker than the people! Plowing grain and giving birth to fish and birds, thinking that only everything in heaven and earth is used, just like me. There are no nobles, only a little cleverness, and they send meals to each other, which is also illegal.

5. That makes sense. Man and nature should be interdependent and interdependent, and should live in harmony and enjoy their homes. As most book lovers said, the civet is a lovely little animal, which should not be killed, because someone eats it and gets infected with the virus, and it is precisely because people and animals are not harmonious that they are punished by nature, which makes sense!

First, Mozi blamed the pillar. Geng Zhuzi said, "Sir, am I really better than others?" Mozi said, "I want to go to Taihang Mountain. I want to ride a fast horse or an ox. Which one are you going to push? " "I want to spur the fast horse," said the ploughing post. Mozi asked, "Why do you want to spur the trotters?" The ploughing column said, "Hurry up." Mozi said, "I also think you are worth pushing!" " "

2. (Liang said to him, "I really worked hard to manage Liang." When there was a famine in Hanoi, I moved people there to Hedong and transported food from Hedong to Hanoi. There is a famine in Hedong, so do it. I have visited the politics of neighboring countries, and no one can be as dedicated as me. But the number of people in neighboring countries has not decreased, and my number has not increased. What is the reason? " )

Mencius said to him, "The king is belligerent. Please use the metaphor of war. Drum filling, weapon company, abandoned armor troops go, or stop at a hundred steps, or stop at fifty steps. What if the pot is too black? " "No," he said. If you don't walk a hundred steps straight, you will walk. "He said," If Wang knows this, there is no hope that there will be more people than neighboring countries. If you don't go against the farming season, the valley can't beat the grain. If you don't count, neither fish nor turtle can be eaten. Axe gold gets into the mountain in time, and mywood can't be used. Valley and fish turtles can't fight for food, and wood and wood can't fight for it, which makes people lose their lives and have no regrets. Keeping in good health and dying without regret is the beginning of kingly way. Five acres of houses, trees are mulberry, and fifty people can wear clothes and silks. Chickens, dolphins and dogs are all domestic animals, so there is no time to waste. Seventy people can eat meat; A hundred acres of land, if you don't hurry, a family of several can be hungry; I sincerely hope that the godson of the cult will be filial, and the winners will not be on the road. Seventy people eat meat, clothes and silk, and the Lebanese are neither hungry nor cold, but they are not kings and have nothing. Dogs don't know what to do when they eat people, and they don't know what to do when they are hungry. When people die, they say,' If it weren't for me, I would be old.' Why is it different from stabbing and killing people? It said,' Not me, but a soldier. The king is innocent, and the people in the world are heavy. "

Mencius replied: "Your Majesty likes war, so please let me use war as an analogy. When the drums in winter and winter rang and the heads of guns touched, some soldiers threw down their armor and dragged their weapons back. Some people stop running a hundred paces, while others stop running fifty paces. Can those soldiers who run 50 paces laugh at those who run 100 paces? " Hui Wangdao: "No, it's just that they didn't run a hundred paces, which is also an escape." Mencius said: "If your majesty understands this truth, then don't expect people who are more than neighbors. If the military corvee does not interfere with the season of agricultural production, the grain will be inexhaustible; Fine nets don't go to deep ponds for fishing, and fish and turtles eat more; If you chop down trees in the mountains with an axe according to the season, there will be endless wood. Food, fish and turtles can't be eaten up, and wood can't be used up. The people are born without regrets, and they are raised and buried. It is the beginning of kingliness that people have no regrets about being born, raised and buried. Give people five acres of homestead and plant mulberry trees, and those over 50 can wear silk. Domestic animals, such as chickens, dogs and pigs, can be kept by the people at the right time, so people over 70 can eat meat. Each family has 100 mu of arable land, and the government does not interfere in their production season. Then, a few people in a family can stop being hungry. Do a good job in the school and teach the people repeatedly on the principle of filial piety. Then, the gray-haired old man will not walk on the road by himself or with heavy objects. People over 70 years old have silk to wear and meat to eat, and ordinary people can't be hungry or frozen, so there has never been a situation where they can't practice kingship before. Now in Liang, pigs and dogs from wealthy families have eaten the food of the people, but they are not constrained to stop it; There are people starving to death on the road, but they don't open the granary to help. When the people died, they even said,' It's not my fault, it's because I was poor for several years.' What's the difference between this statement and killing someone with a knife and saying,' I didn't kill him but used a weapon'? If the king doesn't blame by 2008, then all the people in the world will go to Liang Guolai. ")

3. The Analects of Confucius said: "People in a superior position can be educated without giving orders; His own behavior is incorrect, even if he orders, people will not listen. " This is just to illustrate General Lee. I think General Li is sincere and serious, like a simple countryman who is not good at saying beautiful words. But when he died, people all over the world, both those who knew him and those who didn't know him, deeply mourned him. This is because his honest and simple character is truly presented to the literati. The proverb says, "Peaches and plums don't talk, just make their own way." Although this is a trivial matter, it illustrates a great truth.

meaning

Escaped 50 steps and escaped 100 steps. Although there are differences in quantity, they are essentially the same-both are escapes. Although King Hui of Liang was a little kind to the people, he waged war and oppressed the people, and there was no essential difference between him and tyrants in other countries. This fable tells us that we should look at the essence of things and not be confused by superficial phenomena. The idiom "pot calling the kettle black" is extracted from this fable.

[Edit this paragraph] "I am also in the country", the original text.

King Hui of Liang said, "I am a country, and I devote myself to it. If Hanoi is fierce, the people will move to Hedong and the millet will move to Hanoi; Hedong is also fierce. People who observe the politics of neighboring countries have no intention like me. There are not many people in neighboring countries, and there are not many people in my country. Why? "

Mencius said to him, "The king is belligerent. Please use the metaphor of war. Replenish drums, weapons company, abandon armor. Or stop after a hundred steps, or stop after fifty steps. What if the pot is too black? "

He said, "No, it's not a hundred steps straight, it's also a walk."

He said, "If Wang knew this, there would be no hope of more people than those in neighboring countries."

Translation and Solution of Classical Chinese by RoyceWong and Wang Xizhi (Reading Storm —— Extracurricular Reading of Classical Chinese —— The Second Series of Junior Middle School Chinese) (published by Inner Mongolia People's Publishing House)

Wang Xizhi of Jin Dynasty was a man of few words and broad mind. A good book at the age of seven. At the age of twelve, I saw the previous generation of Bi Shuo at my father's bedside and secretly read it again. Father said, "Why did you steal my secret?" Xi smiled and didn't answer. Mother said:' I read "Using Calligraphy", but my father thought it was too small, so I'm afraid I can't keep it a secret. Semantically, I'll teach you when you are an adult. At the invitation of Xihe, use it today to make adults fear children's orders. Father was very happy, so he followed. If the month is not profitable, the book will make great progress. When Mrs. Wei saw it, she said,' This son must read the book "Using a Pen". If he sees his book recently, he will have wisdom in old age. He cried, "This son will hide my name." When the Jin emperor offered sacrifices to the northern suburbs, he even wished the edition and made a work cut. "Wang Xizhi of the Jin Dynasty, with few words, is the son of Wang Kuang. At the age of seven, he was good at calligraphy. At the age of twelve, he saw the ancient "Pen Shuo" under his father's pillow and stole it. Father asked, "Why did you steal my secret book?" Wang Xizhi just laughed and didn't answer. Mother said, "Look at the pen." Father thinks he is young and is afraid that he can't keep a secret. He said to Wang Xizhi, "I'll teach you when you grow up." Wang Xizhi sincerely asked his father, "Give it to me now. If you wait until adulthood, I am afraid that you will bury your childhood talents. " Father was very happy and gave it to him. In less than a month, calligraphy has made great progress. After reading it, Mrs Wei said to Wang Ce, the Taichang official, "Xizhi must have read Bi Shuo. I recently learned his calligraphy. " With tears streaming down her face, she said, "This child will definitely be more famous than me." During the Jin Dynasty, the imperial court held a sacrificial ceremony in the northern suburbs. When replacing the bamboo board, the worker cut off his words and infiltrated the board for three points.