Shui Gu delicacy is the main source of dietary nutrition.
Shui Gu subtle, also known as grain gas and food gas, refers to subtle substances provided by various diets and is the main source of dietary nutrition. As the doctor must read said: "As soon as you have this body, you will be endowed with grain qi, which will enter the stomach, drain into the six fu-organs and get qi, and harmonize with the five internal organs to produce blood. Human resources think that the living are also." "A thousand gold prescriptions" said: "The essence of peace of mind must be food, and I don't know that the eater is not enough to survive." It can be seen that diet is the basic substance to nourish the human body and maintain human life.
Regarding the metabolic process of diet in the human body, Su Wen's meridian theory has a more detailed discussion: "Eating qi enters the stomach, dispersing essence in the liver, and Yin Qi in the tendons. Eating qi enters the stomach, turbid qi returns to the heart, and yin is good at pulse. Pulse air flows, meridian air returns to the lungs, and the lungs face hundreds of pulses, and essence is lost in fur. Hair pulse is combined with essence, and qi flows in the house. The government is bright, leaving Sanzang, and it is heavy. " The process of digestion, absorption and distribution of food is pointed out, that is, after food is absorbed and decomposed by the stomach, it is transformed into Shui Gu essence. Through the "dispersing essence" of the spleen, Shui Gu's essence is distributed to the five internal organs, tendons, meridians and fur, thus nourishing the viscera and tissues. Among them, "drinking into the stomach, swimming over the essence, losing to the spleen." The spleen qi disperses essence, rises to the lungs, passes through the waterways, and falls to the bladder; The essence of water is four fabrics, five meridians are parallel, and yin and yang are combined at four o'clock and five o'clock. It's normal to slap it. "It points out the metabolic process of drinking water in the human body, that is, drinking water enters the stomach and is subtly transported to the lungs through the function of dispersing essence of the spleen. Through the function of the lung facing the pulse, the drinking water is released to moisten the whole body and transported to the bladder below the sediment, so that the drinking water is finely distributed throughout the body and fully nourishes the human body.
Qi, blood and body fluid are the basic substances of dietary nutrition.
Diet enters the human body, is digested and absorbed by the stomach and spleen, and is transformed into Shui Gu essence, and Shui Gu essence is further transformed into nutrients such as qi and blood, essence and body fluid, which nourishes the human body and enables life activities to continue. Therefore, qi and blood, essence and body fluid are the basic substances to play a nutritional role.
Qi is the most basic substance that constitutes the human body and maintains human life activities. The nutritional function of qi mainly refers to its function of providing nutrition for the functional activities of human viscera. "If you fill it with fog, it is called qi" (the spirit pivots and stops qi), which can warm and nourish muscles, bones and muscles, skin and skin.
Blood also comes from Shui Gu subtle, which comes from the spleen and stomach of middle jiao. "The middle energizer receives qi and takes juice, and turns red into blood" (Ling Shu Jue Qi). "Difficult Classics" summarizes the function of blood as "blood nourishing", that is, under the action of "stagnant qi" of pulse condition, blood circulates in meridians and channels, and nutrients are transported to various organs and tissues of the whole body through the meridian system, thus making the body healthy. Because of the ups and downs in and out, because of this. "("synopsis of the golden chamber "), so blood is an indispensable substance to nourish the human body, and at the same time blood is the material basis of spiritual activities.
Essence is also the basic substance that constitutes the human body and maintains human life activities. Essence is divided into congenital essence and acquired essence. The innate essence is the essence of congenital reproduction, and the acquired essence is the essence of Shui Gu, the metaplasia of spleen and stomach. Sperm is the material basis of embryo formation and development. After birth, people rely on the nourishment of sperm to maintain the growth and development of the human body. Kidney stores essence, essence produces marrow, and brain is the sea of marrow. The kidney dominates the bone and the tooth is the bone. Therefore, if the kidney essence is sufficient, the brain marrow will be sufficient, the bone marrow will be full, and the bones will be nourished by the bone marrow, strong and agile. When teeth are nourished by pulp, they will become strong and shiny.
Lingshu breathed his last, saying, "The grain is full of qi, the brain marrow enters the bone, and the bone flexes and stretches, benefiting the brain and moistening it." It can be seen that body fluid is a normal liquid, which has nourishing and nourishing effects. The liquid is clear and thin, and the liquid is turbid and thick. Body fluid is relatively mobile, mainly distributed in skin, muscles, orifices and other parts, which can penetrate into veins and moisturize the whole body; Liquid has little fluidity and nourishes organs and tissues mainly in joints, organs and brain marrow.
Four qi and five flavors are the basic attributes of dietary nutrition.
Traditional Chinese medicine nutrition believes that food also has four flavors, and the theory of four flavors and five flavors is not only the basis of medication, but also an important basis for diet health preservation and diet therapy.
1. Four Qi are also called four natures, namely cold, hot, warm and cool. Among them, cold and warm have their own characteristics, but the degree is different. Temperature is second only to heat, and coolness is second only to cold. Cold, heat, warmth and coolness are relative to the cold and heat of the disease. Su Wenzhi's Theory of Truth says: "Those who are cold are hot, and those who are hot are cold." This is a great way to treat drugs and an important basis for choosing food. From the common food, flat dishes are the most, followed by warm dishes and cold dishes. Warm foods, such as ginger, leeks, peppers, mutton, dog meat, chicken, longan, oranges, etc., have the functions of warming meridians, strengthening yang, promoting blood circulation, dredging collaterals, dispelling cold and tonifying deficiency. Cold food has the functions of nourishing yin, clearing away heat, purging fire, cooling blood and detoxifying, and is suitable for heat syndrome, such as watermelon, Chinese cabbage, wax gourd, radish, bitter gourd, loofah, pear and mung bean.
Five flavors refer to five different flavors: sour, bitter, sweet, pungent and salty. Chinese medicine believes that the five flavors enter the stomach and separate the five internal organs, thus nourishing the five internal organs and making them function normally. Different foods have different selectivity for viscera. For example, the five flavors of Lingshu said, "The five flavors have their own ways, and the taste of the valley is sour, and the liver comes first. Valley tastes bitter, so cultivate your mind first. The grain is sweet, and the spleen should be removed first. Gu Weixin, take the lungs first. Gu Xian, go to the kidney first. " This division of five flavors is not only applicable to five grains, but also to five fruits, five livestock, five vegetables and five colors, which is the theoretical basis of dietary nutrition in traditional Chinese medicine. Different five flavors in food have different functions as drugs, so it is an important aspect to examine the efficacy of food from the perspective of five flavors. As pointed out in Su Wenzhi's treatise on Zhen, "Sweet permeates Yang, bitter overflows Yin, salty overflows Yin, and light permeates Yang." This divides the five flavors with different functions into two categories according to the different yin and yang attributes, that is, pungent, sweet and light flavor belong to yang; Sour, bitter and salty taste belongs to yin. Su Wen's Theory of Storing Qi says: "There are sweet and bitter pains, each with its own strengths, or scattered, or collected, or slow, or urgent, or firm, stored at four o'clock and five o'clock, and the disease is appropriate with five flavors." It is further clarified here that due to the difference of five flavors, there are differences in efficacy such as dispersing, receiving and slowing down.