Second, the original text of "Learning Games": selected from "Mencius in the Warring States".
Qiu Yi is the best athlete in this country. Let Qiu Yi teach two people to play chess, one to concentrate on playing chess, and Qiu Yi listens; Although one person thought it was a swan, he tried to shoot it with his bow. Although I learned chess from the previous one, chess is still not as good as the previous one. Is it because his intelligence is not as good as the former? That's not true.
Iii. Translation of Two Children Debate Day;
One day, when Confucius traveled eastward, he saw two children arguing and asked why.
A child said, "I think the sun is closer to people when it first rises and farther away at noon."
Another child thinks that the sun is farther away from people at sunrise and closer to people at noon.
A child said, "The sun was as big as a hood when it first came out, and it was like a plate at noon. It is not small when it is far away, and it is not big when it is near? "
Another child said, "When the sun just came out, it felt cool. At noon, it was like putting your hand into hot water. It's not hot when it's near, and it's not cold when it's far away? "
Confucius could not judge who was right or wrong.
The two children smiled and said, "Who says you are very wise?"
Fourth, the original text of "Two Children Debate on Japan": Liezi Tang Wen in the Warring States Period.
When Confucius traveled eastward, he saw two children arguing and asked them why.
A child said, "I think the sun is close to the sky at sunrise and far from the sky at noon." . "
Another child thinks that the sun is far from the sun when it rises, and it is closer to people at noon.
A child said, "When the sun just came out, the hood of the car was as big as noon and the plate was as small as usual. Is this the reason why it is not far from the big one?" ? "
Another child said, "The sun just came out to cool down, and it was as hot as putting your hand in hot water at noon. Isn't that why you feel hot when you are near and cool when you are far away?" ? "
Hearing this, Confucius could not judge who was right or wrong.
The two children smiled and said to Confucius, "Who said you were smart?" ? "
Extended data
A brief introduction to the author of "Learning Chess"
Mencius (about 372 BC-289 BC) was born in Zouguo (now Zoucheng, Jining, Shandong) during the Warring States Period.
A famous philosopher, thinker, politician and educator in the Warring States period, one of the representatives of Confucianism, was second only to Confucius, and was also called "Confucius and Mencius" with Confucius. Advocating "benevolent government", he first put forward the idea that "the people are more expensive than the monarch".
The Original Road by Han Yu listed Mencius as a Confucian figure who inherited the Confucian orthodoxy in the pre-Qin period, while the Yuan Dynasty posthumously awarded Mencius as "elegant Gong Sheng" and respected him as "elegant saint". Mencius is a collection of essays compiled by Mencius and his disciples, which advocates "benevolence-oriented".
Second, a brief introduction to the author of "The Days of Two Children Debating"
Liezi (about 450 BC-375 BC, during the Warring States Period, at the age of 75) was a representative figure of Taoism in the early Warring States Period. Famous Kou, also known as Yu Kou ("Liezi" is the honorific title for him by later generations), was born in Putian (now Zhengzhou City, Henan Province) in the Zhou Dynasty, and the ancient emperor was later than Khan. One of the ten outstanding figures in pre-Qin Dynasty, he was a famous Taoist scholar, thinker, philosopher, writer and educator.
Liezi, a thinker in the early Warring States period, was a contemporary of Zheng Miaogong, another Taoist representative besides Lao Zi and Zhuang Zi. His scholarship originated from Huangdi Laozi, and he advocated inaction. At the end of Han Dynasty, there were eight volumes of Liezi in the Taoist part of Ban Gu's Yi Wen Zhi. Liezi, also known as Xu Chongjing (written from 450 BC to 375 BC), is an important Taoist classic. The Han Book Yiwenzhi contains eight volumes of Liezi, which was lost earlier.
It has a far-reaching influence on later philosophy, aesthetics, literature, science and technology, health preservation, music and religion. He is the author of Liezi, whose theory originated from Huangdi Laozi and belongs to Laozi. The pre-Qin school of philosophy (Liezixue) was established. He is an important successor of Taoist school between Laozi and Zhuangzi.
2. Translation of Classical Chinese: Sima Wengong (Sima Guang) had a poor memory when he was young and gave lectures in groups. All the brothers began to chant and rest; If one person is editing, it can only be repeated twice.
Those who work harder will go further, and what they recite will be unforgettable for life. Wen Gong often said: "A book must be memorized, or when you are right away, or when you don't sleep in the middle of the night, recite its words and think about its meaning, and you will get more."
1. Translation: A. If you are a person, you will never edit it. You can recite it twice and then stop. Those who make more efforts will go further.
4. Explain the words in the sentence: A. Remembering suffering is not like a person [suffering]: B. All brothers have become chanting people [all]: C. Never forget [but]: D. Or add a comma to the following sentence: Smarwin remembers the suffering of his youth, but he is not like a person. The sentence that can summarize the main idea of this article is.
3. Classical Chinese translation 1. I want to see it, but I can't understand it myself. It's a good idea to live in a house where the owner goes in and out.
(Chen Ziqiang) wants to see Han Tuozhou, but (but) there is no way to break up with him. It happened that the owner of the house he rented (often) went in and out of Han Tuozhou's house, (not to explain the situation, but that person) explained it to Han Tuozhou for him (I wanted to see him myself).
Living: renting a house to live.
2. Fang Yi wanted to make a flat chapter, but he was still afraid of people's comments. He took the lead in self-improvement and led the same story to Qin (it should be a "play").
At that time, Han Biaozhou was trying to do the work of Pingzhang (the Prime Minister) under Tong Zhongshu, but he was also afraid of public criticism, so Chen Ziqiang first led his courtiers to invoke the laws and regulations of the old system to play things in the court (for Han Biaozhou, ask him to be the Prime Minister).