Shaolin is a martial arts school with the widest scope, the longest history and the most kinds of boxing in the Central Plains. It is named after Shaolin Temple in Songshan Mountain, Zhongyue.

As for the origin of Shaolin School, according to the book Jingde Lu in the Northern Song Dynasty, in the Northern and Southern Dynasties, during the Daiwa period of Emperor Xiaowen of the Late Wei Dynasty (477-499), the founder of Dharma came from Liang and spent nine years in Songshan Shaolin Temple, where he successfully spread the two classics, I Ching and Washing the marrow, and founded Shaolin Wushu. This statement has been recorded in many ancient books. In the Tang Dynasty, Li Jing wrote the preface to Yijin Jing. But the historical facts of the exam are not consistent with history. Modern scholars have proved that this is just a legend, and Dharma, known as the ancestor of early Zen, has no such martial arts.

Historically, before Dharma, the martial arts atmosphere in the temples of the Northern Dynasties had been formed. In the 19th year of Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei Dynasty (495), Shaolin Temple was built in Songshan, which was originally built by Batuo (also known as Buddha), a monk from the Western Regions. Later, Dharma came to the temple. Although Dharma founded Zen, it was not the founder of Shaolin Wushu. In fact, Shaolin Wushu was gradually formed spontaneously in the long-term practice of monks and nuns.

Development of Shaolin Wushu. A great event that began in Sui and Tang Dynasties. Before the Sui Dynasty, the world was in chaos. Shaolin Temple was robbed by mountain thieves, and the monks rose up against the enemy. Thieves set fire to the temple. The king of Qin and the king of Zheng fought, and Shaolin monks were invited to help, and Wang Renze was captured alive and forced to surrender. This is the famous "Thirteen Stick Monks Save the Tang King" and the historical prototype of the famous film "Shaolin Temple". After Li Shimin ascended the throne, he gave awards to Tan Zong, Hui Ci, Shanhu, Pratt & Whitney, Lingxian, Pusheng, Zhishou, Daoguang, Zhixing, Man, Feng 13. Shaolin Temple flourished again, and Shaolin Wushu began to flourish, gradually becoming the first martial arts school in the Central Plains.

Song Taizu Zhao Kuangyin is also said to be a disciple of Shaolin laity. From Song Dynasty to Yuan Dynasty, Shaolin Wushu developed greatly. In the Yuan Dynasty, King Kinnaro, the Great Sage, taught Shaolin stick skills and became a school of his own. Fu Yu, a Buddhist master, gathered Shaolin bunt, and the characteristics of Shaolin Wushu became increasingly prominent. By the Ming Dynasty, Shaolin had formed a reputation of "striving for fame in the world". In the 23rd year of Jiajing in the Ming Dynasty (1553), Shaolin Temple organized monks and soldiers to fight against the Japanese invaders in the south of the Yangtze River, and in the 5th year of the apocalypse (1625), it established "Shaolin Temple" and became a master of martial arts in the world. In the Ming Dynasty, there were famous people who hated martial arts, such as Monk in the Mountain, Monk in the Empty Moon and Master Sophora Flavescentis, as well as Wu Xu, Zhou You, Yu, Hong Ji, Pu Cong, Pu Shi, Guang Publishing House, Zong Xiang, Dao Zong, Tao Fa, Pan Qing, Qing Yu, Tong He and Xuan Qing. After the Ming Dynasty, Shaolin Wushu gradually changed from stick to fist. It also absorbed a variety of folk boxing methods, gathered the achievements of the world martial arts, and formed the Shaolin School.

During the reign of Kangxi in the Qing Dynasty (in some cases, Yongzheng), the court burned the Shaolin Temple because it was hiding anti-Qing righteous men for "rebellion". (At that time, people were forbidden to practice martial arts, and Shaolin martial arts went underground. It came from a branch of South Shaolin, which is said to have been founded by Hong Men. Tessai, Shan Zhi, Zhiguo, Crossing the Rainbow, Zhan Ju, Wu Jian, Gulen, Miao Xing, Zhen Xu, Degen, etc.

Shaolin School is not only the kung fu of Shaolin Temple, but also the whole foreign kung fu represented by Shaolin Temple Wushu. On the one hand, Shaolin monks introduced a lot of boxing from the people, on the other hand, Shaolin Temple also recruited lay disciples, which made Shaolin Wushu spread among the people. At the same time, Shaolin has also established branches in various places. Since the establishment of the Shaolin Temple Branch in Jiulianshan, Putian, Fujian during the Sui and Tang Dynasties, Fu Yu, a Buddhist monk in Yuan Dynasty, has established five Shaolin temples in Menghelin (now Harahelin, the former Mongolian province of Hang 'ai), Panshan, Chang 'an, Taiyuan and Luoyang, respectively. The origins of many sects are closely related to Shaolin, and even the legends of Wudang and Emei are said to be Shaolin.

Among the branches of Shaolin Temple, South Shaolin Temple is the most important. South Shaolin is also the ancestor of Nanquan, with five fists as the main boxing methods, including dragon boxing, tiger boxing, leopard boxing, snake boxing and crane boxing, as well as Nanquan, No.1 Shaolin, No.2 Shaolin and No.3 Shaolin. Four-way outing Shaolin, five-way martial arts Shaolin, six-way deification Shaolin and other routines. (See Shi Yongwen's Introduction to Shaolin Wushu, No.7 Wulin,No. 1983). There are many Shaolin tribes, which are called "three big families" and "four big sects". The "three great masters" are Hongjia Shaolin, Kongjia Shaolin and Yu Jia Shaolin; The "Four Gates" are Dasheng Gate, Luohan Gate, Erlang Gate and Wei Tuo Gate. Another example is Liuhe, Bajiquan, Split Hanging, Tongbi Boxing, Taizu, Yan Qing, Hua Quan, Chaquan, Mizong, Motive, Tang Ming, Shajiao, Poke Foot, Ditan, Hongquan, Fanshou, Monkey Boxing, Manta Boxing, Drunken Boxing and Wing Chun, all of which are developed from Shaolin Wushu.

There are many Shaolin routines. It is said that there are as many as 172, including Xiaohong Boxing, Dahong Boxing, Chaoyang Boxing, Tide Watching Boxing, Cannon Boxing, Tongbi Boxing, Plum Blossom Boxing, Long Hammer Boxing and Taizu Long Boxing. Black tiger Boxing, Xingyi Boxing, Luohan Boxing, Liuhe Boxing and "Shaolin Seventy-two Methods". Stick, marksmanship and knife are also the bulk of Shaolin Wushu, each with dozens of routines. The sword rules include double sword, five swords, dragon sword, dragon sword, white ape sword, Liu Xuande double sword, Dharma sword and won robe sword. There are dozens of weapons such as Fang Tianji, Sanku Fork, Strafe, Crescent Axe, Plum Blossom Gauge, etc. Sanda has more than 100 kinds of mind handles, tiger pounce handles, Youlong Feibu, Feng Dan facing the sun, cross disorderly handles, Laojun lifting gourds, immortals picking eggplants, stealing peaches from the bottom of leaves, splitting melons behind their heads, and so on, as well as bone unloading, grasping, acupoint secret methods, slingshot spectrum, Yijinjing Jing Yi and so on.

The essence of Shaolin Wushu is that the founder of Buddhism saw that people hated meditation, and he was depressed and difficult to settle down, which hindered Buddhism. The reason is that he is weak. He realized that the first thing to practice Buddhism is to keep fit, and he founded boxing because of his effective attitude. Therefore, the characteristics of Shaolin Wushu are: breathing, practicing hundreds of skeletons, advancing and retreating quickly, combining rigidity with softness, and paying special attention to combining rigidity with softness.

The relationship between Shaolin Wushu schools and chivalrous culture is manifested in three aspects.

First, Shaolin's martial arts are extensive and profound, and no one can exhaust them. It is the largest treasure house of martial arts in the world and deserves to be called the largest martial arts school. Therefore, in the rivers and lakes, Shaolin Sect often plays the role of "moral" defender, referee and leader. For example, Shaolin in Jin Yong's "No Dragon Eight Parts", the best martial arts in the world is Shaolin; Before the attack of Yanmenguan, the leader of Liao people, Wang Ba's ambition and blood-stained hatred were turned to dust by compassion Buddhism out of Shaolin, and it was in Shaolin that resentment was dissolved. Of course, sometimes Shaolin is too tolerant and leads to greed. For example, the evil Jianghu of Yuan Zhen (played by Cheng Kun) in "Eternal Dragon Slayer" has a lot to do with the connivance of Shaolin. They think that people's hearts can be changed, but they don't know that some little people are hard to change, and so on.

Secondly, from the legend of the origin of Shaolin, a number of chivalrous literary works have been produced. One of the most famous films, Shaolin Temple, starring Jet Li, tells the story of "Thirteen Stick Monks Saving the King of Tang" and the legend that Shaolin began to carry forward. Some chivalrous literary works also reflect the pioneering contributions made by Dharma and eminent monks in previous dynasties to Shaolin.

Third, Shaolin played an important role in fighting against the Qing Dynasty and foreign aggression. Shaolin once had heroic deeds of anti-Japanese war, which is said to be a secret activity of "fighting against the Qing Dynasty and regaining sight", from which came the chivalrous cultural legend about Shaolin. Jade Tatafarin, a famous anti-Japanese soldier in Ming Dynasty, is said to have a close relationship with Shaolin. The legend of Hong Men Heaven and Earth Society originated from Shaolin; In literary and artistic works, the "Fang Shiyu Series" with Shaolin laity disciples as the theme appeared again.

Shaolin is a master of China Wushu, which occupies an important position in chivalrous culture.

(2) Wu Tang family

Wudang is the head of the family.

According to Huang Zongxi's Epitaph of Wang Zhengnan at the end of Ming Dynasty and the beginning of Qing Dynasty, the Wu and Tang Dynasties were created by Zhang Sanfeng, a poet in Song Dynasty. According to legend, Zhang Sanfeng was an alchemist (Taoist) in Wudang Mountain in the late Northern Song Dynasty. Hui Zong called him to Peking and met a thief. In his dream, Yuan Di taught him boxing skills. The next day, Zhang Sanfeng killed more than 100 thieves by himself, so he founded the Neijia Boxing School.

There is also a legend that Zhang Sanfeng originated from Shaolin, mastered the essence of Shaolin, including the five fists and eighteen styles, and integrated them into the ten-cotton long fist, changing the method of fighting into the method of defending the enemy, and his moves were very different from Shaolin, so he was unique and founded wu-tang clan; Also known as the inner armor. Ten years of success and great fame, as well as Tai Chi, Xingyi, Bagua and other tribes. Jin Yong's martial arts novel "Eternal Dragon Slayer" was written in Wudang, which adopted this statement, saying that Zhang Sanfeng, whose real name was Zhang Junbao, was the apprentice and master of Shaolin monk Jue Yuan, violating the ban that Shaolin was not allowed to practice martial arts without authorization. Later, he founded Wu Tangzong according to the change of Shaolin's achievement method.

As for Zhang Sanfeng in history, his real name is Zhang, also known as Sanfeng. Because of untidiness, he is also known as a sloppy Taoist. There are different opinions about his date of birth and death. Some call him a Song Dynasty man, some call him a A Jin man, and some call him a Yuan man and an Amin man. Probably because he was famous in Taoist legends, he was carried out and became the ancestor of Wutangmen. This statement is obviously only for the Wu and Tang families to deify themselves, not the truth of history.

The official spread of Wu and Tang nationalities began in the Ming Dynasty. Although Wudang Mountain began to build Taoist temples in the Tang Dynasty, the real golden age was in the Ming Dynasty. Judy of Ming Taizu ascended the throne, praised Wudang Taoism and mobilized 300,000 migrant workers. It took 65,438+03 years to build 33 buildings in Wudang Mountain, which were called Eight Palaces, Two Views, 30 Lu 'an Hall, 72 Rock Temple, 12 Ancestral Temples and 39 Bridges. , continuous 140 Li. The architectural patterns are all designed by the Ministry of Industry according to the story of Zhenwu Xiuxian in the scriptures. There are still handwriting on the beam of the main hall of Zixiaoguan in Wudang Mountain, which was built by the holy king in the 11th year (14 13) and 12th year of Yongle in Ming Dynasty. On the precipice of Santianmen, there are four Chinese characters, "One pillar is the sky", which is spectacular. The Hall of Supreme Harmony at the top of Tianzhu Peak, also known as the Golden Hall, was built for Zhang.

Gold-plated statue of Sanfeng bronze. The golden age of Wudang Taoism began at this time, and Wudang Wushu schools came into being in this golden age.

According to Wang Zhengnan's epitaph, Wang Zong from Shaanxi and Chen Zhou from Wenzhou were the first people to teach Neijia Boxing. Zhang Songxi was born in Wenzhou around the first year (1506) and died in Yuping, Guizhou around the first year of Taichang (1620). Zhang Songxi claimed to be the true biography of Zhang Sanfeng, the third generation descendant of Wu Tangmen. Later, he traveled to Jiangyan, got the true biography of Emei, founded Wudang Songxi School, and Wutang School became famous from then on. Legend has it that 70 Shaolin monks refused to accept their admiration and challenged them to come to their homes. While Songxi was sitting still, a monk suddenly jumped out of the air and broke his Shaolin stunt qigong with a chain leg. Songxi remained calm, but when the Shaolin monk's offensive came, he raised his hand slightly sideways. Shaolin monk suddenly lost his castration like a kite with a broken line, flew out of the window and landed under a tall building. From then on, wudang boxing, no one refused.

After Zhang Songxi, Wu Tangmen was full of talented people. A large number of martial arts masters have been produced. They are: Ye Jimei, Wu Kunshan, Zhou Yunquan, Shan Sinan, Zhen, Sun Jishi, Li Tianmu, Xu Daiyue, Yu Shizhong, Wu, Chen Maohong, Lu Shaoqi, Dong Fuyu, Xia, Chai Yuanming, Yao Shimen, Monk Er, Hartingwei and others.

Wu Tangmen's kungfu is characterized by strong bones and muscles and good luck. Emphasize internal strength training, pay attention to static braking, combine rigidity with softness, win with short, fight slowly and quickly, which means luck, use gas when transporting, be feminine, control breathing and use short hands. Wudang kungfu is not the main attack, but it can't be easily violated. If you commit a crime, you will become a servant.

Wudang's tactical strategy is: fighters use their own points, dead points, dizzy points and dumb points, and everything is like a bronze statue. (Epitaph of Wang Zhengnan) Its general requirements are included in Six Roads and Ten Sections of Brocade. "Six Lines" rhymes with:

Friends have the highest arm, and the door lock turns to Britain and Mongolia.

The fairy stood in the sky and embraced the moon with open arms.

It is difficult to whip people around, but the awl rushes to catch its wings.

The rhyme of "Ten Duan Jin" is:

Stand up and sit on a mountain tiger, turn around and chase after three.

Set double knives to move forward and backward three steps,

I chased it three times in a hurry and returned to the camp with a knife.

Niuquan's footsteps are as firm as ever and rolled back to the original appearance.

Step into the road and move forward, roll back to the original flying step,

The golden rooster climbs the bow independently and takes care of both sides.

Wudang pays attention to "thirty-five exercises and eighteen exercises", and there are also so-called seventy-two falls, thirty-five palms, sixteen eighteen methods, twelve characters and five meanings.

Wu Tangmen's boxing methods include Tai Ji Chuan, Wuji Boxing, Yaoyu Changquan, Ape Fudi Boxing, Six Steps Sanshou, Wudang Taiyi five elements boxing and so on. There are six types of internal skills in Wutangmen (golden lion snatching hair, phoenix nodding, lotus leaf swinging in the wind, gold thread winding on the left, gold thread winding on the right, and knife splitting Huashan). The equipment of the clan in Wutang, the first treasure in Wudang town, Wudang sword, Bai Hongjian, Taiji sword, Liuhe gun, Liuhe knife, Songxi stick, etc. The formation of Wu Tang Gang is often mentioned in martial arts novels, such as Jiugong Bagua Array and Sancai Sword Array.

Shaolin comes from Buddhism and has the color of Tianzhu culture. Wudang comes from Xuanmen Taoism, and the color of Han script is extremely strong. Shaolin kungfu contains the compassion of Buddhism. Wudang Kung Fu originated from Taoism. Laozi talked about "One" and "Tao", and Zhuangzi talked about "the vast wilderness" and "carefree travel", which made Wudang Kung Fu have a strong imagination and aesthetic meaning, and the performance of moves was also very poetic. For example, the following movements are very intuitive and full of aesthetic charm: the iron fan is facing the wind, throwing things first, throwing them straight into the well, the rosy clouds shining on the sun, and. Another example is Wu Tangmen's boxing, Chunyang Boxing:

The wind blows the lotus, swaying from side to side, flying clouds and flowing water, constantly wearing, stepping on the elbow, nourishing luck, playing slowly and quickly, and embracing the eight methods.

Here, on the one hand, it is internal strength, on the other hand, it is visual posture, lotus, breeze, running water and flying clouds, which makes people seem to want to see the emptiness, beauty and spirit of Wudang Taoism. The swaying of tricks seems to remind people of the supreme mystery of "one life, two lives, three lives, three lives", and reminds people of the vast and chaotic force of nature when the world first opened.

Wu-tang clan includes Songxi School, Huaihe School, Excalibur School, Yi Song School, Longmen School, Gongjia South School, Xuanwu School and North Taiji School. As for Tai Ji Chuan, Xingyiquan and Bagua Boxing, etc. Because they come from Taoism, people often classify them as Wu Tang clan, and some people think they are sui generis.

In a word, Wudang, like Shaolin, was based on the region at first, and then it went far beyond the region. The Wutang Sect is not only in Wudang Mountain, just as Shaolin is not only in Shaolin Temple. Represents a large number of martial arts factions with similar characteristics, such as Jingrou, from Xuanmen Taoism. This is a broad concept.

(3) Emei School

Emei Sect, Shaolin Sect and Wudang Sect are the three major sects in China, and there are many sects, especially in the southwest, which can be said to be exclusive to the glans penis.

Emei School is named after Emei Mountain, one of the four famous Buddhist mountains. It is different from Emei Mountain in Hongmen. Emei Mountain in The Red Gate is a mountain hall, not a fiction. Emei school is a place name, but it is real.

There have been records of Emei School since the Ming Dynasty. In the middle of Ming Dynasty, Tang Shunzhi (1507- 1560 was born in the second year of Zheng De to the thirty-ninth year of Jiajing) has a song "The Boxing Song of Taoist Emei" in his collection:

Suddenly, with a sudden kick, the cliff stone broke through the sand and fled.

Come and go, the star girl throws the shuttle, and the demon turns to the green sleeve.

I pointed to the Japanese train stop, narrowing my head and drilling needle holes.

Even the waist is boneless, and the whole body is covered with hands.

Yu Qi finished his work and breathed quietly.

The highway overpass is unpredictable, jumping on the futon like a puppet.

It's really "as quiet as a virgin and as moving as a rabbit". It's amazing. It's changed a lot. No wonder it aroused the great excitement of the poet. On the origin of Emei school, according to the boxing ambition of Emei school:

He was originally a Taoist, but later he became a Buddhist. ..... At an appropriate time, the teacher is good at fighting and studies various boxing methods. Considering that each boxing method is complicated, it is impossible to reach an agreement. Women resist, and there are many differences. So I explored the boxing intentions of each family. I found a new way and created a fist that I didn't take over, which was unique ... After thirteen years of accumulation, I began to achieve great success. Disciple Zhi beside me called herself Jade Girl Boxing, and Emei Boxing. (According to Meng Xianchao's Emei Boxing (I), Wulin No.4 1986).

It can be seen that Emei was originally a martial arts school founded by women. It was originally called Jade Girl Boxing. Later, she was named after her ancestors became Buddhists, and called women "moths" and "Emei Mountain", a Buddhist holy place.

The martial arts of Emei Sect are between Shaolin masculine and Wudang feminine, with both rigidity and softness, both internal and external, and both length and weakness. Both offensive and defensive, the "Boxing Classic" said: "Emei only has a fist that doesn't take over, the gun doesn't walk in circles, and the sword doesn't tail." "Turn all laws into one law and break all laws with one law." In short, it is the combination of weakness and truth, which combines the advantages of Nanquan, Shaolin and Wudang in the position of women.

From the religious origin, Emei is also a monk and a Taoist, with Taoist as the main one. In the martial arts novels, Jin Yong's "The Dragon Slayer" is said to be Guo Jing's maiden Guo Xiang. Because she loves Yang Guo in her heart and respects the love between Yang Guo and Little Dragon Girl, she travels around the world, thus freeing her mind. Later, I had the opportunity to listen to Zhen Jing in Jiuyang, founded Emei School, and later spread to extinct schools. His disciples Ji and Zhou Zhiruo are both Taoists. In addition, many moves of Emei School are also feminine, such as a flower in boxing, a plum blossom inserted obliquely, a leg in a skirt, and a backward step of lotus. Another example is Wen Xi's blow in fencing, asking women to dust off, and so on. Another example is the Emei Sting, a famous weapon of Emei Sect, also known as the jade hairpin, which was also changed from the women's hairpin.

Emei Wushu has the so-called "Twelve Movements"-heaven, earth, earth, heart, dragon, crane, wind, cloud, big, small, secluded and mysterious; There are also the so-called "six methods of static work", that is, gait, heavy beating, shrinking the ground, hanging the bag, acupoints and nirvana. There are "three instruments": one sword method, one hairpin method (Emei thorn) and one needle method (hidden weapons). Emei school's stunts include not only the 36-style pointing method of the highest plough, but also the Emei swordsmanship, and the sword songs are like clouds (adapted from Wulin No.5 1992 of Emei Sword Seven Methods in Dong Rujun).

The jade girl is fascinated, and the residual rainbow will dry Kun.

If the body is shocked by the oriole piercing the willow, the sword is like chasing the soul and never leaving people.

The enemy only needs half a hand, even if Yue Nv loses his mind.

The sword and hairpin techniques of Emei Sect are beautiful and powerful, and they are also Emei stunts.

A branch of Emei Sect, according to Emei Boxing Spectrum in the early Qing Dynasty:

A tree has five flowers, five flowers and eight leaves.

The moon in Emei, Jiao Jiao is dazzling.

"Wuhua" is divided into five tribes from a geographical perspective:

One is the Huangling School, which is said to have flowed in from Shaanxi;

Second, the ritual school, named after the ritual cave in Fuling, East Sichuan;

The third is Qingcheng School, named after Qingcheng Mountain, a Taoist resort in eastern Sichuan.

4. Tiefo School (Genting School), which is popular in northern Sichuan;

Five, green cattle pie. It was named after Niu Shan, the capital of Fengdu in eastern Sichuan.

"Eight Leaves" can be divided into eight schools from the perspective of fighting style:

First, the monk gate is said to have originated from Shaolin, hence its name. Also known as "Shenmen". It is characterized by intelligence, agility and flexibility, such as the shape of a monkey, also known as the "Monkey Gate".

Secondly, Yuemen is said to have been handed down from Yuefei, and its characteristic is short piles. You can't make a fist without drawing a circle.

Thirdly, Zhao Men, which is said to have been handed down from Zhao Kuangyin, borrowed from the Shaolin School's Tai Mantra Long Boxing (also said to have been handed down from Zhao Kuangyin) and other boxing methods, and was characterized by high stakes. Also because of practicing red boxing, it is called "Red Gate".

Fourth, Dumen, named after the legendary "Dumen" of Zhuge Liang's Eight Arrays, said that boxing spread to the natural gate of Du Guanyin. It is characterized by tight blockade and good defense.

Five, Hong Men, according to legend, was named after Ming Taizu cursed the title of Hongwu. He practiced both big and small Hongquan, and was characterized by his fortitude.

Six, the door, also known as "silkworm closed the door" and "entangled the door", 36 closed hands, such as spring silkworm spinning, continuous, tightly sealed the opponent, so that it can not be used.

Seven, the word gate, also known as the "wisdom gate", is named because it is placed in a straight line. It is characterized by high piles and long hands, which fluctuate greatly.

Eight, Huimen, also known as "Huimen", represented by Shenquan, pays attention to observing the teacher's silent image and chanting, which is quite mysterious.

The general characteristic of Emei School is to combine rigidity with softness, like a symmetrical tree, which is a graceful martial art.. There are poems praising Emei Sect (see Meng Xianchao's Re-exploration of Emei Sect Boxing, Wulin No.4,1987);

Stunt skills are amazing chivalry, and so are the Millennium martial arts.

You can open a new banner in Hyunri, realize Zen and abandon your old job.

Jade girl's false body is real, but Emei's true meaning is not empty.

All schools should go back to the past, and that's the beauty.

Although it is not "the best in the world", it may be unique.

(4) Nanquanmen

Nanquan is a general term for a large-scale boxing that has been popular in the south since the Ming Dynasty. Nanquan is said to have originated from South Shaolin and gradually formed an independent boxing system in the Ming Dynasty. The general characteristics of Nanquan are steady pace, firm fist strength, strong momentum, less jumps and much shorter fists. Nanquan is good at throwing hands and improving strength with sound and qi.

There are many kinds of Nanquan, such as Shaolin Qiaoshou Boxing, Wuzu Boxing, He Quan Boxing and Luohan Boxing in Fujian, Zhou Jia Boxing, Dragon Slayer Boxing and Xiaoce Boxing in Guangxi, and Hongjia Boxing in Zhejiang. Black tiger fist, diamond fist. Hong Men Boxing, Yumen Boxing, Confucius Boxing in Hubei, Wu Jia Boxing, Hongjia Boxing and Xue Jia Boxing in Hunan.

The representative of Nanquan is Guangdong Nanquan, and the representative of Guangdong Nanquan is the "five famous artists". They are:

First, Hong Quan. Hongquan originated from Shaolin Temple and is said to have been created by Hong Xiguan. Hong Xiguan was originally a tea merchant in Zhangzhou, Fujian, and was introduced to the five ancestors of South Shaolin Hong Men. Hongquan was later introduced to Guangdong, including five elements boxing (Golden Boxing, Wooden Boxing, Water Wave Boxing, Rocket Boxing and Land Boxing) and Ten Fists (Dragon Boxing, Snake Boxing, Tiger Boxing, Leopard Boxing, Crane Boxing, Lion Boxing, Elephant Boxing and Horse Boxing). Tieqiaosan, Lin Fucheng, Huang Tai, Huang Feihong, Lin Shirong, etc. It is the largest school in Nanquan.

Second, Liu Quan. It is said that it was created by Liu Sanyan, and it was also said that it was created by Liu Sheng or Liu Qingshan in the last four schools and spread in Leizhou Peninsula.

Third, all wealth. It was created by Cai Boda and Cai Jiuyi, monks of Fu Shaolin Temple in Fujian, and later spread to Zhongshan and other places in Guangdong, including Cross Boxing, Tian, Xiaoyuntian, Yan, Liu Suimei, Two Instruments and Four Elephants Boxing and so on.

Fourth, Li Quan. According to legend, it was created by Li Sekai, a monk from Southern Shaolin Temple in Fujian, and taught by Li Youshan, a native of Xinhui, Guangdong. First of all, it was created by Li in Huizhou, Guangdong. James Li is popular in Zhongshan, Heyuan, Gaozhou, Longchuan and Guangzhou.

Fifth, don't punch. According to legend, it was created by Zen master Shan Zhi of South Shaolin, Fujian; It is said that it was created by Mo Moshi and later spread to Mo Qingjiao. Spread in the Pearl River Delta.

Most of the five famous fists come from South Shaolin, Fujian. There are some connections with the Hong Men Heaven and Earth Society. The Hong Men Heaven and Earth Society is not only a martial arts school, but also an extremely active Jianghu school.

In addition to the five famous fists, Guangdong Nanquan also includes Cai Lifo Boxing (founded by Sean, a Xinhui, who studied under Chen Yuanhu, Li Youshan and Cai Fu, a monk of Shaolin Temple, and gathered the essence of Cai Jiaquan, Li Jiaquan and Buddhist Boxing, hence the name Cai Lifo Boxing), Tiger and Crane Fists (created by Lin Shirong, a Nanhai native, who combined Hong Boxing and Buddha Boxing into one creation, also known as "Hong Tou Fowei") and Wing Chun Boxing.

Nanquan has formed a unique southern feature in the coastal areas of Guangdong and Fujian. Especially since the Qing Dynasty, it has played an important role in martial arts legendary novels and movies. For example, South Shaolin in Fujian Province is said to be an anti-Qing stronghold, where Hong Men's children and chivalrous men gathered in three mountains and five mountains. Qing soldiers burned South Shaolin, and Hong Xiguan came to Guangzhou, lived in seclusion in the Big Buddha Temple, and opened a martial arts school with a monk. Another example is Fang Shiyu (the first person is Hong Xiguan), the No.2 figure in Guangdong's "Ten Tigers of Shaolin", whose mother Miao Cuihua is the daughter of Miao Xian in the "Five Old Shaolin" and is known as "a generation of women". Fang Shiyu became the hero of many chivalrous cultural works, such as Shaolin Little Hero, Evergreen Tree, Fang Shiyu's Three Visits to Wudang Mountain and Qianlong's Xiajiangnan. In the late Qing Dynasty, there appeared "Ten Tigers in Guangdong" in Nanquan, among which Su of Tieqiao III and V was also the hero of many chivalrous cultural works.