Current location - Health Preservation Learning Network - Health preserving class - Who is the "special love" Wang Qi? Why did Wang Qi, the leader of the Beggars' Sect, be named Xiaoyao Wang by Zhu Yuanzhang?
Who is the "special love" Wang Qi? Why did Wang Qi, the leader of the Beggars' Sect, be named Xiaoyao Wang by Zhu Yuanzhang?
In order to consolidate his imperial power, Zhu Yuanzhang, the founding emperor of the Ming Dynasty, successfully passed on his scepter to future generations and began to kill the hero he regarded as the "Lord of Gao Zhen". However, Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang married a beggar, Wang Qi, and started from scratch. However, due to various reasons, the once very popular Daming Xiaoyao Wang almost faded out of the historical stage. In order to "resurrect" Wang Qi, an "unusual figure" that should not be forgotten by history, the author wrote this article based on the historical materials at hand.

First of all, it is forbidden to gamble and leave Xiaoyao Building.

In the early Ming Dynasty, Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang of Hongwu told the world that gambling was forbidden and offenders would go to hell. In this way, in less than half a year, the gambling style in the whole country has really been greatly reduced.

However, there are exceptions to everything.

When gambling was banned all over the country, the Nanjing magistrate built a building near Huaiqing Bridge. There are no less than 100 rooms in this building. It's not spectacular! After the completion of the building, the Nanjing Magistrate publicly ordered his subordinates to hang a mahogany Phnom Penh plaque at the entrance of the main hall of the building, with the words "Xiaoyao Building" written on it. The prefect also posted a notice on the big screen opposite the main hall. According to the effect of the notice, all gamblers can gamble here. This notice quickly spread throughout Beijing, shocking the government and the public. Powerful people and traders had a big accident, and they wondered: Is the president crazy?

After the "Happy House" was built, gamblers scrambled to tell each other that they were happy. Soon, gamblers inside and outside Beijing were attracted here, and even some "heroes" and "bosses" who were washed away after being hit by the "gambling ban" were far away. They prepared enough gambling money to gather in Nanjing on horseback.

Nanjing prefect saw "fish" enter the net. Even if the officers and men block the entrance and exit of Xiaoyao Building, gamblers can gamble in the building, but they are not allowed to go out to eat and drink. A few days later, some gamblers were hungry and forced to go out. They were executed on the spot. One after another, the gamblers were silent. A few days later, the gamblers in Xiaoyao Building were so hungry that they couldn't even sit down and lie down. Seeing that the time had come, Yin invited the leader of Nanjing Beggars' Sect to buy grain at a low price in the market and sell it to gamblers in the building at a high price. At that time, Xiaomaolou sold biscuits with three pence, fried dough sticks with one penny, five taels of grain silver, and even a barrel of well water with twelve taels of grain silver, which were in short supply. At such a high price, gamblers can get rich in less than a month. The local governor at that time was very generous, allowing gamblers to write books and asking his family to provide a lot of money to quench their thirst. Finally, the local governor saw that the gamblers had been drained of their oil and water, so he sent them to the Great Wall with a piece of paper and never returned home. This "resale business" made Wang Qi tall and rich. As a result, gambling in the capital and other places has almost disappeared.

Besides, after Wang Qiyi became rich overnight, he did not pursue personal enjoyment. On the contrary, he used this huge sum of money to build "affordable housing" outside Jubaomen in Nanjing, which was praised by people at that time. According to Ying Tian Miscellanies, the Nanjing satrap "built Xiao Lou against his will", and Zhu Yuanzhang was the driving force behind "cutting gamblers with beggars". So, why did Zhu Yuanzhang value the rainbow spirit so much? Recorded the following "dusty past".

Second, Wang Qi saved Zhu Yuanzhang.

Wang Qi and Zhu Yuanzhang are both from Haozhou, Fengyang, Anhui. They are young monks from the local Huang Jue Temple. However, at first, they didn't know each other, because when Zhu Yuanzhang entered Huang Jue Temple, Wang Qi had traveled around the world and had "one hundred meals".

On one occasion, Wang Qi met Zhu Yuanzhang, who was defeated and hid in a barren mountain temple. At that time, Zhu Yuanzhang was unable to move because he was tired and had no food in his stomach. Wang Qi gave him the food he wanted and hosted Zhu Yuanzhang for several days. During this period, Wang Qi and Zhu Yuanzhang told each other about their life experiences, which made them feel closer. At that time, Zhu Yuanzhang was a member of Guo Zixing and the leader of Haozhou Rebel Army. He urged Wang Qi to fight with himself. However, after listening to ancient books, Wang Qi thought that "life and death are in the order, glory is in the sky", and he didn't want to pursue anything "out of life". Zhu Yuanzhang saw that Wang Qi was so depressed and inconvenient that he lost his hand. Before he left, Wang Qi packed a few silver dollars that Zhu Yuanzhang had worked so hard to save, and donated all the remaining silver dollars to help Zhu Ping find his staff. Later, when Zhu Yuanzhang became emperor, he was deeply moved when he thought of Wang Qi's just behavior. In order to find Wang Qi, Zhu Yuanzhang, a "kind-hearted" man, once presided over government affairs and sent a "missing person" document with Wang Qi's image and written description to Manchu officials, ordering them to try their best to find him. At this time, Cai Guogong Zhang Desheng stood up and said that Wang Qi was at his home for illness. Why is Wang Qi at Zhang Desheng's house?

In May of the twentieth year of Jian 'an, Chen Youliang in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River approached Yingtianfu with a great army, and Zhu Yuanzhang ordered General Zhang Lisheng to lead the troops to repel the enemy. Seeing that Zhang Chen was promising, he settled in Xinhe area to escape from his soul. Chen Youliang has been at odds with him for a long time, losing and fighting repeatedly, and the army is seriously short of food. In desperation, Chen Youliang ordered all soldiers to catch snails to satisfy their hunger. A few days later, Chen abandoned the snail shell by the river as a hill. Because snails are very cold, Chen Jun feeds on snails, and many soldiers suffer from intestinal diseases, which seriously affects the combat effectiveness of the troops. Chen Youliang sized up the situation, ordered the foot soldiers to pull down the bridge, and prepared to withdraw troops and return home the next day to recuperate, so as to make a comeback. Seeing that Chen destroyed the bridge, Zhang Desheng knew that he was going to retreat, and he would send troops to fight back. But because there is no bridge to walk, he can't take many boats for a while. Just when Zhang Desheng was at a loss, A Qin Bingren reported that there were beggars outside the account. He came up with a strategy to defeat the enemy. Knowing that there are different people in Shan Ye, Zhang Desheng, he dare not neglect. He was busy kissing him outside the account. This beggar is Wang Qi. When he was traveling in Nanjing, he heard that the war between Zhu Yuanzhang and Zhang Desheng was to defend the enemy, so he volunteered to put forward his own "unique skill".

At the suggestion of Wang Qi, Zhang Desheng ordered the army to build a "snail bridge" on the river overnight with the snail shells discarded by Chen Jun, and led the defenders to fight back. Chen Jun was defeated here. This battle and the Battle of Lion Mountain in the same year laid the foundation for the later establishment of the Ming Dynasty.

After Zhu Yuanzhang proclaimed himself emperor, in order to convince the world that the establishment of the Ming Dynasty was an act of God, he lied to the outside world that in the war between Wu Wang and Chen Youliang, even snails in the river came to help bridge the war. Nanjing's "snail bridge" has this name, which has been passed down to this day. Because Nanjing dialect is used to calling "snail" snail, the snail bridge on Shangxin River is also called "snail bridge".

In addition, Wang Qi actively resisted the enemy, and Zhang Desheng tried to be an official many times, but Wang Qi refused to be an official. He wants to continue roaming the world. Because of sudden foot disease, he had to stay in Zhangfu for several years, and it was difficult to travel.

Hearing the news, Zhu Yuanzhang immediately dispersed the whole dynasty and ordered Zhang Desheng to invite Wang Qi quickly.

Third, Wang Qi became a fugitive king.

Wang Qi's tears in the past are different from those in the ruined temple. Today, they met again in court. If they are dreaming, they are like strangers.

Wang Qi dried his tears and said to Zhu Yuanzhang, "Fortunately, my emperor has not forgotten the past. Wang Qi has no regrets in his life! " At this moment, Wang Qi turned around and said gratefully to Zhang Desheng, "My foot is healed. I want to travel recently, but I don't want to disturb the emperor. " When Zhu Yuanzhang saw that Wang Qi also wanted to travel, he refused to stay. When Wang Qi saw that Zhu Yuanzhang invited him to North Korea, he couldn't stand it. He sighed and said, "Although my emperor is reluctant and powerful, Wang Qi is a grassroots. How can he be an official? " Zhu Yuanzhang said, "Today, I want you to be a carefree king." On that day, Zhu Yuanzhang hosted a banquet for Wang Qi and invited six ministers to accompany him. After the banquet, Zhu Yuanzhang announced that Hou Lixin, who worships goodness, entered the temple and ordered him to send someone to build Xiaoyao Palace in Chating East Street outside Sanmen, Nanjing. There is a pair of couplets on each side of the palace, which reads: Xiaoyao Xianfu; The poor are the best in the world. There is also a couplet in the middle door of the palace, which reads: Although it is not a high official, it is a treasure hall. After the completion of Wang Mi, Zhu Yuanzhang wanted Wang Qi to be the magistrate, but he was afraid of being dissatisfied by officials, even more afraid of breaking the Chaogang, so he made Wang Qi "wronged" for a while and became the magistrate of Danyang County, not far from Beijing. Zhu Yuanzhang also ordered Zhang Desheng to be a matchmaker, choose a noble person for Wang Qi and get married another day. However, Wang Qi was born bohemian, unwilling to be an official, and had no idea of getting married and having children. Although I live in Xiaoyao Palace, I often go out to eat. In this way, an unprecedented strange thing happened in the ancient city of Nanjing: all the rich people in the city were proud of being taken care of by the king and sent people to Wang Qi to beg. This matter reached the ears of Zhu Yuanzhang. He thought that since Wang Qi was named the king of pleasure, it was wrong to eat another hundred meals. However, Zhu Yuanzhang also knew that Wang Qi was "vulgar" and it was difficult to persuade him to submit, so he gave him a golden bowl so that he could freely enter and leave the court to meet the king. You can also enjoy delicious food in the imperial dining hall of the emperor at any time. There is a folk proverb in our country, "Golden rice bowl begging" is based on this. At the same time, Zhu Yuanzhang issued a letter to Wang, allowing him to travel around the world, withdraw silver from the local treasury, and freely enter and leave official positions at all levels. Those who flout the law should be punished because they go against their original intention.

Since Wang Qi was named King of Pleasure by Zhu Yuanzhang and was favored by him, the nobles of Daming and Beijing were proud to see Wang Qi. At that time, in front of the Xiaoyao Palace, traffic was heavy and the official cover was like a cloud. However, Wang Qi thought it vulgar to associate with these bureaucrats, so he often left his residence and wandered around.

Fourthly, Wang Qi predicted the status of concubines.

In the autumn of the fifth year of Ming Hongwu, Wang Qi visited his friend Liu Ji in the Bagua Cave on the shore of Xia Zi Lake in the eastern suburb.

Liu Ji, named Bai Wen, was the founding father of the Ming Dynasty. This man is so clever that he is almost half man and half demon. Because he can see through the minds of his colleagues and emperors at a glance, he is often hated by Zhu Yuanzhang and nobles. At that time, Liu Bowen strategized, far better than thousands of miles, and made outstanding achievements. That's great. However, after the Ninth Five-Year Plan, Zhu Yuanzhang wanted to be "idle" or to get rid of this unpredictable temple. In the fourth year of Wu Ming, Liu Bowen bid farewell to Zhu Yuanzhang and took three Taoist teenagers to the Bagua Cave to concentrate on monasticism. Strangely, Liu Bowen and Wang Qi get along well, even though he has everything. When Liu Ji was an official, he often chatted with Wang Qi. After a long time, Wang Qi unconsciously learned Liu Ji's "ghost gossip". Since Liu Ji went to repair the side wall of Bagua Cave, no one dared to go because the emperor was dissatisfied with Liu Ji. Only kind Zhu Biao and Wang Qi often visit Liu Ji in Bagua Cave. Zhu Yuanzhang has been turning a blind eye to this matter, because he is partial to the Prince and Wang Qi.

In September of the seventh year of the Ming Dynasty, I flew west. Cheng's father had a deep intersection with him, and he cried the news of Cheng's death. Who knows, when Wang Qi heard

In Dulong Mansion, Zijinshan, Nanjing, there is a magnificent imperial tomb hidden among pines and cypresses. This is the Ming Tombs, the auspicious place of Zhu Yuanzhang in the Ming Dynasty. Ma Huanghou was buried with him in Xiaoling Mausoleum. There are more than 40 concubines and Gong 'e buried outside the Ming tomb, which are 46 "concubines' niches" next to the two concubines in the Ming tomb.

There is a tragic story behind this "concubine". According to Bai Xia's gossip: "When Mao first died, all the courtiers died." Fearing that he was not lonely in the underground palace, Zhu Yuanzhang ordered the restoration, which began in the late primitive society, prevailed in the Yin and Zhou Dynasties, declined in the Warring States Period, and disappeared from the "living martyrdom system" in the Han Dynasty. On May 10th, the 31st year of Hongwu, Mao died of illness. It is said that besides the dead concubines, the empresses will go to the Western Heaven with him.

When Zhu Yuanzhang's "favorite" 46 concubines and Gong E heard that they were going to be buried, they all looked pale and wept bitterly. Most concubines and Gong E didn't want to die, so they were taken to the main hall by eunuchs, tied their necks with ropes and forced to stand on a small bamboo bed. After Mao died, they immediately pulled out the bamboo bed and hanged themselves on both sides of Xiaoling. "I will always be with you." Guo Ningfei, Li, Hu Chongfei, Da Dingfei, Li Xianfei, Ge, etc. Be hanged alive; Gong E, who was buried with her, was passed down from generation to generation because of her humble position. In order to comfort the relatives of "martyrs" who will be buried with him, Zhu Yuanzhang publicized the purpose of building "concubines' niches" and "commemorating them in memory".

Later, when he died, he said to his father, "I would rather die than be young." Presumably, he has realized that Zhu Yuanzhang revealed the meaning of "martyrdom", so he has the above "amazing words".

5。 Wang asked to choose a lucky place [/s2/]

One day in the middle of spring in the ninth year of Wu, a beggar named Zhang and I rented two donkeys at Sanshanmen Yuelai Inn, visited several streets along the way, and soon left Chaoyangmen. Zhu Yuanzhang also came to the eastern suburbs to enjoy spring. When he met the emperor, Zhang turned over, knocked three times and made nine obeisances. Long live the mountains. When Zhu Yuanzhang was happy, he gave Wang Qi an official sedan chair and invited him to burn incense at Jiangshan Temple in Dulong Building in the southern suburbs of Zhongshan. Accompanied by "Happy King", the old abbot of Jiangshan Temple was honored to meet Viva. The monks of Du He Temple, Zhengqing and Zhike, the old abbot, bowed to the emperor and then married Wang Qixing. After the ceremony, he welcomed the emperor to the guest room for tea. Zhu Yuanzhang is very interested. After tasting fragrant tea, he went to the ancestral hall of Jiangshan Temple to burn incense and give alms. Later, Zhu Yuanzhang also took this opportunity to climb the temple in the back hill and visit Shan Ye. Since then, Zhu Yuanzhang has been to Jiangshan Temple for many times, always lingering and not talking. One day, abbot Zhengqing and his permanent grandfather found a secluded place in the back hill. Zhu Yuanzhang looked at the mountains here like dragons and pots, winding endlessly, covered with vegetation and dense shadows. Pointing to a small earthen bag opposite Sun, he suddenly sighed, "I don't know how to win the mountains and rivers. Why didn't he choose this place for a long time? " How clever the old dean is! He knew that Zhu Yuanzhang wanted to choose this place as the "land of the Millennium", but he couldn't say it. But if you pretend you don't know, isn't it against God's will? What should I do? Then he suddenly remembered Wang Qi. So he rushed to Xiaoyao Palace overnight and asked Wang Qi to play in Mianjun era. He said: since ancient times, the ancient temple was hidden in the mountains, and Jiangshan Temple was too close to the capital, so he asked to move and hoped to be allowed. Of course, Zhu Yuanzhang did it. He gave a lot of building materials. In 1959, Jiangshan Temple moved to the south of Zhuhudong, and then moved to the east of Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum. Zhu Yuanzhang named Linggu Temple "the first jungle in the world".

Zhu Yuanzhang's face was filled with joy after he was pleased to be "the land of the Millennium". On this day, he and a personal eunuch came to Nanjing Confucius Temple to see the night scene. This is the land of gold powder in the Six Dynasties, a land of wealth and tenderness. The streets are full of traffic and bright lights; Qinhuai River is surrounded by 10 Li, just like a boat. This is the prosperity of the new millennium! Taking advantage of this pleasure, Zhu Yuanzhang rented a boat and visited the beautiful scenery on both sides of the strait. Just then, there was a loud cry across the river. Zhu Yuanzhang was surprised and told the boatman to rock the boat. The boatman turned pale and resisted urgently. Zhu Yuanzhang felt even more incredible. "I don't know, sir," said the boatman. A group of beggars live in the east corner of the river. They often make a hullabaloo about because of hunger and cold. When tourists go the wrong way, they will inevitably be robbed. "Xiao is not in the cornucopia built a" squat pit "? Zhu Yuanzhang asked. " Alas, there are too many people alive? "Hearing this, the Zhu Yuanzhang decided to make unannounced visits to each other. Zhu Yuanzhang paid for the ship and abandoned it. Suddenly, a group of beggars crowded in and shouted, "Here comes another lost prostitute." "It's better to give money to hackers than to us. The eunuch was surprised and shouted, "Don't be rude to anyone. He is an adult and is now on a private visit. When the beggars heard that they were court officials, they knelt down. "。 All Zhu Yuanzhang saw were beggars naked. When he was a young monk, he was associated with begging. He felt sorry for himself. So he ordered the accompanying eunuch to take out 50 sycamore trees for the beggar's head and let him buy some rice noodles to feed the beggar. All the beggars dispersed gratefully. A few days later, when Zhu Yuanzhang met Wang Qi, he talked about his trip to the East Gate. Seeing this, she cried with joy and knelt down and said, "The king ordered the local officials to open several city holes in the east gate so that these beggars could shelter from the wind and rain. "There are many cargo ships passing by Qinhuai River. Please allow these beggars to take a boat and make a living by talking. "

Zhu Yuanzhang must fight. Since then, the rows of holes in the East Gate have become beggars' shelters, and dragging the boat back has become a beggar's "patent". Since the Ming and Qing Dynasties, this custom continued until liberation. Now many old people in Nanjing are used to calling the cave in Dongguan "Wang Qidong".

Sixth, Zhu Yuanzhang buried Wang Qi.

"Now emperors like beggars!" "Nanjing has the king of freedom!" The news spread all over the country like wings. Beggars regard Emperor Daming as a "beggar's paradise". Beggars came to Beijing from all directions, calling for friends, helping the old and bringing the young. The influx of beggars has caused a series of social problems. Some beggars go to Wang Fu to enjoy the autumn wind and have no food or clothes. Wang Qi is very friendly, and everyone who comes will have enough food. However, with so many beggars coming for free meals, Wang Qi can hardly cope.

This has aroused the dissatisfaction of some scholars, and even a generation of virtuous Ma Niangzi is quite critical of this. However, Zhu Yuanzhang turned a deaf ear to this because he preferred Wang Qi. However, in the autumn of Hongwu's ninth year, several vicious incidents of beggars making trouble occurred in Nanjing.

Married beggar Zhang shares the same door with dozens of beggars. Zhang Hu, who claimed to be the eldest brother, ran amok, harassed people's houses, and even set up a private court to take over civil litigation, which made Nanjing a mess. However, local officials muddled through and adopted more appeasement policies, which made Zhang even more unscrupulous.

Realizing the seriousness of the problem, Zhu Yuanzhang ordered local officials to arrest Zhang, a group of ruthless and evil beggars, and put them to death in the city. I heard that Zhang was punished, and I was afraid of getting into trouble, which led to a relapse. Although Zhu Yuanzhang punished beggars, he was still proud of Wang Qi.

When Zhu Yuanzhang learned that Wang Qi was seriously ill, he sent Cao Chunmin and Li Yang's family to treat him. All the medicines needed are provided by Taiyuan Hospital. At the same time, Zhu Yuanzhang visited Wang Qi twice and gained a lot. At that time, an endless stream of dignitaries came from all over the capital to visit Wang Qi. But Wang Qi eventually died of illness.

After Wang Qi's death, Zhu Yuanzhang specially appointed Crown Prince Zhu Biao as the priest of Wang Qi, and the funeral was very grand. Later, Nanjing Taishou also planned to build an ancestral temple for Wang Qi next to Xiaoyao Palace for his later years. There is a stone flag in front of the ancestral hall with a huge stone tablet and a pair of stone horses on it. The inscription describes the legendary life of Wang Qi. Interestingly, since Ming moved its capital to Beijing, this ancestral hall has been neglected and has been in disrepair for a long time. It became a refuge for ruins and beggars.

The emperor is supreme, and beggars are even mean; Is Zhu Yuanzhang's and Wang Qi's interpretation of this story determined by the profound historical background or out of sincere personal feelings?