Sertoli cells and interstitial cells exist in testis and play an important role in spermatogenesis. Sertoli cells, also known as conservative cells, are conical and have a wide bottom. They are regularly arranged on the basement membrane of testicular seminiferous tubules, and the upper ends of the cells extend to the center of the lumen. These cells do not divide and proliferate, and many depressions are formed on the top and side walls of the cells, which contain spermatogenic cells. The main function of sertoli cells is to support, nourish and protect spermatogenic cells, which is conducive to their smooth differentiation from spermatogonia to sperm. In addition, the basal lateral processes of adjacent sertoli cells are connected, and the cell membranes on both sides are closely connected, which is located above spermatogonia and plays a barrier role, so it is called blood-testis barrier, which can prevent some macromolecular substances in the stroma from entering the lumen through the gap between epithelial cells of seminiferous tubules.

Leydig cells of testis are located in leydig of testis and exist in groups or alone. These cells mainly evolved from fibroblasts in the leydig of testis after puberty, and their number gradually decreased with the increase of age. The main function of interstitial cells is to secrete androgen, including testosterone, dihydrotestosterone, androsterone and dehydroisoandrosterone. These hormones play an indispensable role in maintaining male secondary sexual characteristics, promoting accessory gonad development and promoting sperm development and maturation. The function of mesenchymal cells is mainly regulated by luteinizing hormone (LH) secreted by pituitary gland, which is easily influenced by temperature, radiation and drugs. It can be seen that sertoli cells and interstitial cells play an important role in spermatogenesis and sperm maturation, and efforts should be made to protect their normal morphology and function, which is very necessary for sperm to obtain normal reproductive function. worship