Decoction, ointment, plaster and dressing

One of the four major plasters: decoction: Tang called "decoction". Usually, it is a viscous semi-fluid product made by decocting, removing residues, concentrating and adding honey or sugar, which has the advantages of high drug concentration, small volume, good stability and convenient administration. The function of decoction ointment is mainly nourishing, with mild curative effect and mild medicinal properties, so it is also called "ointment" or "ointment". Some add sugar as "sugar paste" and some add honey as "honey paste". This kind of cream is popular all over the country in recent years. Simple decoction is divided into dry extract, extract and fluid extract according to consistency. The herbs we usually boil are classified as a decoction.

The second of the four major plasters: ointment: it was called "ointment" in ancient times. Taking vegetable oil, wax wax, vaseline or animal fat as matrix, adding drugs and heating to obtain effective components; Or without heating, grinding into powder, and mixing into semisolid dosage form for skin or mucosa. Commonly known as "ointment", also known as "ointment". Has the functions of protecting, moistening, smoothing or partially healing. The drugs in some ointments can also be absorbed through the skin to show the systemic therapeutic effect. Commonly used vaseline belongs to ointment series.

The third of the four major plasters: commonly known as "plaster", is a near-solid external dosage form which dissolves or mixes drugs in an appropriate matrix and spreads them on the pasting materials, and has local or systemic therapeutic effects. According to the composition of the matrix, it can be divided into the following types: lead paste, rosin paste, rubber paste, cataplasm and transdermal patch.

The fourth of the four major plasters: application: called "thin" in ancient times, it is a preparation that is made into paste and ointment after mixing powder with various liquids and applied to human parts or acupoints. Also known as "thin medicine", "application" and "ointment". According to different excipients, it can be divided into two kinds: aqueous dressing and oily dressing. It includes temporary adjustment and preparation: it is also very popular now, which is the transdermal patch we usually use. Different powders and penetrants can be added to treat different diseases.

The second answer

First, traditional black plaster: hard plaster (also called black plaster).

Traditional black plaster has the characteristics of simple manufacture, convenient use, quick curative effect and low cost, so it has been widely circulated among the people for thousands of years and relieved countless patients at the grassroots level. Many folk doctors are famous for their ancestral plasters! At present, it is still the main dosage form of plaster made by some primary doctors and medical institutions.

Second, lead-free gypsum and new special gypsum:

Based on the above shortcomings of traditional black plaster, many plaster researchers have conducted long-term research and exploration, and gradually invented lead-free plaster and the preparation of some new plasters; The boiling process of lead-free paste and new special paste is basically the same, and the choice of matrix is larger than that of black paste, such as rosin and various oils.

Three, lead-free and oil-free new matrix white plaster (represented by resin plaster):

The plaster has the advantages of simple preparation process, convenient operation, long action time and reusability. When in use, it does not need to be heated, and it is directly attached to the affected part, and there is no residue after it is taken off.

Four, tape:

Plaster is a modern preparation, including medicated and non-medicated (adhesive plaster). The plaster has the advantages of strong adhesion, convenient use and carrying, no need of preheating and softening, and can be directly attached to the affected part, without polluting clothes and causing little harm to the body; However, due to the thin plaster and limited drug loading, the dosage of drugs or medicinal extracts should be controlled as much as possible.