First, the origin of surnames
Gao's surname comes from two sources:
1, from Yanshi, is a descendant of Xia Dynasty (Yao Yinyao), and takes his ancestral name as his surname. According to Yuan's Hou, Dongyi people in Xia Dynasty were Yu's main assistants. They gave him a lot of power and wanted to give it to him, but failed because of his early death. Some descendants take the ancestral surname Gao as their surname, which is called Gao's.
2. Descendants from Gao Ru, a doctor of the State of Yue in the Spring and Autumn Period, taking his ancestral name as his surname. According to the surname test, "Wu Jun has a high surname, after the Spring and Autumn Doctor." During the Spring and Autumn Period, doctors in the State of Yue took the ancestral surname Gao as their surname and called it Gao. Also "tongzhi"
Brief introduction of Gao family. The history of Han dynasty is always high.
Ancestor: Hao Tao. The leader of Dongyi nationality, surnamed Yan. According to historical records, Hao Tao was a prison officer in Yao, Shun and Yu's period, who was in charge of serving his sentence in prison. After Yu succeeded to the throne, he was recommended as a successor by the abdication system and was "granted political power" (that is, he was instructed to handle government affairs), but he died before Yu and failed to succeed to the throne. Later, Yu recommended Yi as the heir. Because of Hao Tao's high merits, he was revered by later generations as a prison god and a judicial god, ranking at the bottom of the "Four Saints". After death, some descendants took their ancestral surname Gao as their surname, called Gao. England and England in the Spring and Autumn Period were descended from Hao Tao. Therefore, the descendants of Gao are regarded as the ancestors of Gao.
Second, migration distribution.
(Missing) According to Tang Haokao, both Taipei City and Taoyuan County in Taiwan Province Province have high surnames. According to "Thousand Surnames", the surname Gao is located in Guangling County (Jiangdu was changed to Guangling State in the Western Han Dynasty, and it was ruled in Guangling. The Eastern Han Dynasty was changed to a county, which is equivalent to today's Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province.
Third, historical celebrities.
Gao Tao: Born after Shao Hao, the son of the Yellow Emperor, the originator of justice in China in the 2nd/kloc-0th century BC. He assisted Yu Xia in managing politics, controlling water and developing production, and made great contributions to the unification of Yi Xia and the later formation of the Chinese nation. As famous as Yao, Shun and Yu, they were honored as "four ancient saints" by later generations. Yu appointed him as his successor and granted him political power according to his moral character and merits. But he died before he succeeded to the throne, so Yu gave England and peace to his descendants. Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty was proud of Li's ancestor, and in the second year of Tianbao (AD 743), posthumous title was the "Emperor Deming".
Gao Yu: During the Spring and Autumn Period, people in Qi cried when their parents died in order to travel around the world. Confucius passed by and asked him, and he said, "I have three shortcomings: I only focused on my studies when I was a teenager, and then I traveled around the world before I went home to support the elderly." This is one; For my ambition, for your effectiveness, this is two; There are too many friends, and sometimes I can't stay with my parents. This is three. The tree wants to be quiet, but the wind will not stop. The son has to support his parents, but both parents are gone! I want to die now. After that, he languished and died. Confucius said, "Disciple, remember it!" As a result, three-tenths of Confucius' disciples left and went back to their parents' homes.
Fourth, the county hall number
Wang Jun 1
According to Thousand Surnames, Gao's surname is in Guangling County.
Guangling County: The Western Han Dynasty changed Jiangdu State to Guangling State and ruled Guangling. The Eastern Han Dynasty (AD 1 century) was changed to counties. Qin County is located in the northwest of Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province. Sui changed to Jiangyang and ruled Yangzhou today. The original name of Guangling was restored in the Southern Tang Dynasty. Xining was merged into Jiangdu in the fifth year of Song Dynasty (1072).
The first origin: from Yan surname. The Hao Tao family belongs to the Shao Hao family of the ancient Dongyi tribe, and belongs to the family named after its ancestors.
[pronounced as gāoyáo(ㄍㄠㄧㄠˊ] is not pronounced as g oteo (?ㄠˇㄊㄠˊ), which is also named after Shao Hao, the son of the Yellow Emperor.
The leader of the Shao Hao clan of the ancient Dongyi tribe. He was born in 2 1 century BC. When Emperor Yao died in Yu Xia, he lived to 106.
After Yao Shunyu III, he tried to assist Yao Shunyu and san huang. He assisted Yu Xia in managing politics, controlling water resources and developing production.
The integration of Yi and Xia and the formation of the Chinese nation later made great contributions. He made outstanding achievements, and Yu Xia appointed Hao Tao as his successor according to his character and achievements.
, and awarded him. However, Hao Tao died in Lu 'an before he succeeded to the throne. Dayu lost the merit of Hao Tao and buried Lu 'an, "sealing Hao Tao in Yingliu."
"。
Hao Tao's main achievement is to formulate criminal law and education system for Yao Shunyu, and to help him carry out "five punishments" and "five religions". Other rules
The five rites of human relations are father's righteousness, mother's kindness, brother's friend, brother's respect and son's filial piety, which makes the society harmonious and governs the world; He stipulated the son of heaven.
Hou, Qing Dafu, Shi and Shi are the agreements of five kinds of political identity relations; He established five punishments, namely, Mo, Mo, Gong and Da Bi, and used them at the same time.
It is based on the nine virtues of "broad and chestnut, standing and soft, willing and respectful, chaotic and respectful, disturbing and resolute, straight and warm, simple and inexpensive, just and stuffed, strong and upright".
Criteria for selecting officials and promoting education; He set up five titles: public, Hou, Bo, Zi and Gong, in order to commend those who have made meritorious deeds and make them prominent.
He divided the world into Kyushu and sent officials and princes to rule; He established a leveling system according to local products, and determined the local tax amount and the DPRK.
Work standards, so that the balanced development of local economy.
Therefore, Hao Tao was the first person to establish a judicial system in China, and was honored as the "God of Prison Break" by later generations. Justice in China is called "law" because.
Named after a unicorn who was sentenced to prison, the unicorn's name is "Fa".
However, after Yu Xia conquered Sanmiao tribe, the application of the five punishments created by Hao Tao with reference to Sanmiao punishment was restricted. Because of being conquered
Miao people, slaves within the clan and other conquered tribes, of course, the five punishments apply to their behavior of overstepping etiquette and insurrection. The so-called "barbarians are ignorant in summer, thieves are bandits."
Rape. You are a scholar, and you have five sentences. "As a scholar, Hao Tao used punishment to resist violence, which can be said to be the founder of punishment in China.
However, Hao Tao treated the internal faults of clan members differently, and did not impose punishment or elephant punishment, but only punished them by humiliating their personality.
Punish him for his mistakes. Therefore, since the clan period, the application of punishment has been unfair, or it varies from group to group, so it is "legal"
If there is no law, it is impossible to realize "everyone is equal before the law", and the punishment of class society has inherited this feature since then.
Of course, within the clan, the established norm of "ceremony" is not always used to solve contradictions. With the development of history, punishment and murder were gradually introduced.
It is inevitable for clan members, even the dignitaries in the clan. For example, Hao Tao suggested that Yu Xia kill the king of the wind, which is proof. But in general, when
At that time, the main target of punishment was "scholars", and later Confucius formulated "rudeness is better than Shu Ren, and no punishment is better than nothing" according to the principle of legislation in Hao Tao.
Confucian ethics of doctors.
Six, namely Gaocheng (now Lu 'an, Anhui), Hao Tao was the ancestor of ancient Lu 'an. Britain, that is, Yingshan (now Yingshan, Hubei), belonged to Lu 'an in ancient times.
County (now Lu 'an, Anhui). Clan branches of Hao Tao's descendants spread all over Lu 'an, Yingshan and even Jianghuai. Sixteen kilometers east of Lu 'an City, Anhui Province.
Gao Tao Tomb Site on the North Side of Liuhe Highway in Xiaomiao Village. Historical Records includes Zuo Zhuan, Zhu Xi, Ju Di Zhi and Tai Ping Yu Lan.
Yu Ji, etc. Hao Tao's deeds and Gao Tao's tomb in Lu 'an are recorded.
Hao Tao is a literati in Baoding, so he is also called Levin. In terms of historical criticism, he was as famous as Yao Shun and Yu, and was later known to the world.
For the "four saints of ancient times". Our descendants are proud of their ancestors, so they take their ancestors' names as surnames, and later they are called Gao, Gao, Dow and Li.
Hao Tao is the ancestor of these surnames.
It is also the ancestor of the surname Li. The word "Li" has the word "Zi" under the word "Mu", which is an altar for ancestors of later generations.
Later, it became the symbol of Youchao's "building a nest with wood" and "helping the people build a house"; The "son" here refers to the offspring of. So in the Tang Dynasty,
Tang Xuanzong always respected Li as a descendant and mentioned it many times. In the second year of Tang Tianbao (AD 743), Hao Tao was named by posthumous title.
Emperor Deming. "
The second origin: the surname of Ji, which originated from the doctor of Yue State in the Spring and Autumn Period of Guangling State, belongs to the ancestor surname.
According to the history book "Examination of Surnames", "Wu Jun has a surname Gao, after the Spring and Autumn Doctor." Gao Ru, a state-owned doctor in the Spring and Autumn Period,
His descendants took Gao, the name of his ancestor, as their surname and called him Gao. And "Tongzhi Imperial Clans" records that Gao. The history of Han dynasty is always high.
The third origin: from the Xidi nationality, from the Gaoluo family in Dongshan, a branch of the Xidi nationality, belonging to the clan name of the tribe.
Red Di, also known as "Red Zhai", is a branch of Di people in the Spring and Autumn Period, or named after its vulgarity and red clothes. Mainly distributed in Changzhi City, Shanxi Province today, and
Jin people lived together, which was the strongest and most influential Di tribe in the Spring and Autumn Period.
It is mainly composed of six families, namely, Gaoluo family, Lu family, Jia family, Jia family and Zui family. In 660 BC, Chiding
Oppressed by the state of Jin, the Eastern Taihang "cut down and destroy Wei"; Leading Zheng, Song and other Huaxia countries to resist and "save the prosperity". Since then, red
Germany also attacked countries such as Zheng, Eastern Zhou and Qi.
Gaoluo family was called Dongshan Gaoluo family by Jin people in the Spring and Autumn Period. There are three theories about its origin:
One said that in Yuanqu County, Shanxi Province today. The history book "Notes on Water Classics and Rivers" records: "Rivers flow from north to east in Pingyin County, and clear water is injected from northwest. Clean water
The east flows directly to the north of the city, and Fu Qian said,' The capital of Sidi is also ... The so-called Duke Jin in "The Spring and Autumn Zuozhuan" asked the prince to cut high "Today's Yuanqu.
There is Gaoluo Town in the southeast of the county seat.
One is in Changzhi County, Changzhi City, Shanxi Province. Liu Zhao's annotation about "Huguan in Shangdang County" in Historical Records of the Later Han Dynasty quoted Shangdang Party Discipline.
It is recorded in the book: "Dongshan Mountain is in the southeast of the city, which was cut by the sacred, and now it is called Gao Ping", and Hanhu is in Changzhi County, Changzhi City, Shanxi Province.
One said that in Xiyang County, Shanxi Province today. In the history of music in the Song Dynasty, it was said that there was Gaoluo Town in Leping County, "the land of Gaoluojia in Gudong Mountain", and Gu Zuyu was there.
Looking through historical records and the minutes of Leping County, Shanxi Province, it is shown that this Gaoluo town (village) is 70 miles southeast of leping city.
The events referred to in the above three statements took place in different places, but they were all determined that Shen Sheng, the king of Jin, attacked the Gaoluo family. Shen Sheng cut high luo, take Jin Xiangong miles.
In the seventh year (660 BC), according to Jin Xiangong's favorite Li Ji, the reason for sending troops was: "Gaudi criticized me every morning and evening, so that I could not graze the fields every day.
Your granary is not solid, and you are afraid of cutting the frontier. "And he said," the husband wins the virtue, and the governors are afraid of it. I can't watch it, the granary is full, and the neighbors believe it.
You have to rely on it. "At that time, Jin Xiangong's" breaking ground "in the Chijen area was still in the primary stage, and the actual control of the State of Jin was only in the Fensu Plain, and it had not been surpassed.
Over Qinshui. Today, Gaoluo Town in Yuanqu County is about 100 km away from the Jindun River, just outside the eastern border of Jin State during the reign of Jin Xiangong. Except for Kim.
The imperial court plotted to put Shen Sheng in a dilemma. Jin Xiangong told Shen Sheng to "come back with all his enemies", but before that, he might have cut Li Rong eastward.
It was all out of expelling Rongdi, located in the east and south of Jin State, and clearing the way for the territory of Zhou King. Later, Jin Wengong collected the glory and beauty of grass.
Germany's development of Qidong Road can be said to be a continuation of the eastward territory. On the other hand, the state of Jin expanded to the northeast, and
The process of retreating to the northeast is the same. When Jin Xiangong was in the East, it was only Qinshui. Now it is the ruins of Gaoluo tribe in Changzhi County and Xiyang County.
It is related to the migration of Gaoluo to the northeast.
Gao Luo's family is a strong part. The name of Gao Luo's family has only been seen in the history books such as Zuo Zhuan, probably because it was only named "Di" in the future, but it was not detailed.
Because it has a specific tribal name.
By the end of the Spring and Autumn Period, the State of Jin was dominant. In the fifteenth year of Lu (594 BC), the Lu family was destroyed first, and then the rest of the ministries were destroyed, most of which were red.
Soothes people's hearts and is gradually annexed by the State of Jin. Among the original Xidi people, there are people who take the original family name as their surname, such as Rugao Roche, Lu, Liu Yu, Jia, Chen Duo and so on.
, such as blame. Among the Gaoluoshi people, there are those whose provincial origin is simplified to a single surname such as Di, Yu, Duan, Gao and Luo.
Ancestor: Hao Tao.
The leader of Dongyi, surnamed Yan. According to historical records, Hao Tao was a prison officer in Yao, Shun and Yu's period, who was in charge of serving his sentence in prison. After Yu succeeded to the throne, he was recommended by the abdication system.
As his heir, he was "given political power" (that is, told to handle government affairs), but he died before and did not inherit the throne. Later, Yu recommended this benefit as a continuation.
Inherit. Because of Hao Tao's high merits, he was revered by later generations as a prison god and a judicial god, ranking at the bottom of the "Four Saints". After death, some descendants took their ancestral name Gao as their surname.
Last name, Gao. During the Spring and Autumn Period, Britain, Britain and Britain were all descendants of Hao Tao. It is considered to be the ancestor of high offspring.