Always drink wine with good quality and low alcohol content.
The ancients were very particular about the quality of wine. As early as the Zhou Dynasty, wine was divided into "five spirits" and "three spirits". Editor of Zhou Li Tianguan Zhongzai:&; Uot distinguishes the names of five qi, one is Pan Qi, the other is Biqi, the third is Angqi, the fourth is lifting qi, and the fifth is arrogance. & uot & uot distinguishes three kinds of wine, one is wine, the other is wine from the past, and the third is sake. & uot Wuqi liquor is divided into five grades according to its unique feeling and taste, and Sanqi liquor is divided into three grades according to the brewing time and length. On Lu's study of Spring and Autumn Annals: The sage Cai, who is suitable for Yin and Yang, distinguishes the benefits of all things to make a living, so his spirit is healthy and his poison is long. Successful people who are long but not short never put off what you can do until tomorrow. Babi, care about injury. What is injury? Great sweetness, great acid, great suffering, great sorrow and great achievements are full of forms and will cause harm; ..... If you keep healthy, you should know that if you eat your roots ... there is no (other) heavy taste, no (other) heavy taste and heavy wine. & UOT believes that people who pay attention to health care in future generations should not drink those spirits with high degree and poor quality, but drink a little mild and good quality wine in moderation. What kind of wine is good? Gu Zhong, a Qing Dynasty man, had an incisive exposition in "Yangxin Lu":
Taking Chen as the best, the more you expect, the better. Violent wine (refers to wine brewed in a hurry) must not be drunk, because drinking it will hurt people. This is the first one. Alcohol abstains from acid, is independent, healthy, cruel and cold; Clear and white spirit. Or that wine is too strict. But what is the most important thing? Mouth: Not bitter, not sweet, not good, not sour, not spicy, it is really good wine. Why not talk about it? Day: Light is not wine, so it is not abstinence. Why not say no to sweets? Japan: Once upon a time, there were clouds with the highest purity, followed by bitterness, followed by acid, smelly and sweet. How can you drink the sour taste of your husband? There is no need to make commandments. It is also said that it is difficult to drink wine without highlighting any of the five flavors (namely, bitter, sour, spicy, sweet and cooked). ..... cover bitter, sweet, successful, sour, refined, not Chen Ye. If it can be changed to good wine. So the word Chen Yi can be used as wine.
Due to the limitation of conditions, although the ancients could not accurately determine the various components of wine, the experience they gained in life practice was very scientific. According to modern scientific determination, the higher the alcohol content in liquor, the higher the harmful components. For example, compared with fermented wine, harmful components mainly exist in distilled wine, while fermented wine is relatively less. In addition to high alcohol, highly distilled liquor also contains fusel oil (including amyl alcohol, amyl alcohol, isobutanol, propanol, etc. ), aldehydes (including formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, sugar aldehydes, etc. ), methanol, hydroxyl acid, lead, aflatoxin and other harmful components. People will be poisoned if they drink this inferior wine with high content of harmful ingredients. Symptoms such as dizziness, headache, stomach trouble, cough, chest pain, nausea, vomiting, blurred vision, etc. may occur in light cases, and in severe cases, dyspnea, coma and even death may occur. However, low-alcohol fermented wine, mixed wine, such as yellow wine, fruit dew wine, medicinal liquor, milk and so on. There are few harmful components, but they are rich in nutrients such as sugars, organic acids, amino acids and vitamins. At first, the ancients thought that high-quality wines were mainly yellow wine, wine, osmanthus wine, chrysanthemum wine, pepper wine and so on. Later, it developed into liquor and various medicinal liquor based on liquor.
Fermented yellow rice wine is one of the oldest wines in China. It is rich in amino acids, various sugars, organic acids, vitamins and so on. And has a high calorific value. Since ancient times, it has been regarded as a kind of health care and fitness &; Uot fairy wine, and. Uot jelly &; Uot is deeply loved by people. This is also an important reason why Shaoxing yellow rice wine has been popular since the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, and even became a wine for court and state banquets. Wine contains more sugar and minerals, as well as helium-based acids, citric acid, vitamins and other nutrients. It is also a kind of health wine that the ancients loved. Cao Pi, Wei Wendi of the Three Kingdoms, once praised him&; Uot is willing to bend tillers, and it is easy to wake up after being drunk. The consolidation of Tao is the evil of salivation and pro-food! & uot Emperor Taizong Li Shimin not only loved drinking, but also personally supervised drinking. Minister Wei Zhi is a good winemaker. He once wrote poems praising his wine. Uot is drunk for 1000 days, but never forgets the taste for ten years. & UOT's newly revised "Materia Medica" has listed wine as tonic wine, which is considered as&; Uot warms the waist and kidney, retains color and is cold-resistant. The efficacy of uot. Hu Sihui called it "having food" in Yuan Dynasty. Functions of invigorating qi, regulating middle energizer, resisting hunger and strengthening ambition. Li Shizhen also said that wine has the functions of color preservation and resistance to hunger and cold. Gao Lian also listed it as&uot health wine uot.
Osmanthus wine was drunk by the ancients as early as the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. Qu Yuan said in Nine:&; Uot steamed Ji, drank cinnamon wine jiao pulp. & uot The osmanthus wine used in this priest's ceremony is osmanthus wine brewed from osmanthus, which was also called osmanthus sugar, osmanthus vinegar and osmanthus syrup in ancient times. The ancients thought that osmanthus fragrans was the best medicine, so the wine brewed with osmanthus fragrans could & uot's best drink was 1000 years ago. uot。 According to "Today's Four People Month", osmanthus wine in Han Dynasty is a good product for people to worship their ancestors. After the priest finished speaking, the younger generation respected this wine to the elders, who would live longer after drinking it. In addition, osmanthus wine is the top grade for people to entertain guests. History of rites and music says:&; Uot Bimba Township Premium Wine. Many feudal emperors also gave osmanthus wine as a gift to their ministers. Scholars in previous dynasties also praised osmanthus wine, and Bai Juyi once had&; Uot line is not fragrant, Raogui wine and red cherry are colorless and sprayed fine &; Uot's poem praising osmanthus wine. Su Shi's poems on osmanthus wine in Song Dynasty show that the ancients cherished osmanthus wine.
As early as the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the ancients knew the medicinal and edible value of chrysanthemum. Wei Wendi Cao Pi thinks chrysanthemum &; Uot auxiliary body prolongs life, and coating is expensive. & uot Su Shi also thinks that the flowers, leaves, roots and responsibilities of chrysanthemum are all medicines for immortality &; uot。 In the Han Dynasty, people used chrysanthemums to make wine. Liu Kuan's Miscellanies of Xijing:&; When uot chrysanthemums are comfortable, pick them from the stems and leaves and brew them with miscellaneous millet. Drink it when it is ripe on September 9 next year, so it is called chrysanthemum wine. The ancients thought that chrysanthemum was a flower that did not fade after frost, so chrysanthemum wine could resist aging. Medical books such as Compendium of Materia Medica say that chrysanthemum has the effects of dispelling wind and improving eyesight, calming the liver and clearing heat, which is particularly beneficial to the hearing and vision of the elderly. Therefore, ancient chrysanthemum wine is favored and is a must-have for the Double Ninth Festival. In addition, pit liquor, chrysanthemum wine, chinese wolfberry wine, lotus seed wine, ginseng wine, Meiling wine and other nourishing wines are also good wines for health and longevity. Taking wine as a waiter and abstaining from drinking has always been a way of keeping in good health that the ancients attached great importance to. They think the purpose of drinking is&; Uot borrows things to support &; Uot, but not&; Uot is served by things &; Uot must drink according to his ability. No matter how good the wine is, it will also damage your health if it is not controlled. In view of the harm of drinking alone and drinking too much, the ancients have always been committed to banning alcohol by legal means and persuading people to consciously quit drinking and drinking with moral cultivation. The Book of Changes, The Book of Songs and other classic books of cowards all have admonitions to abstain from drinking or drinking. Bian Que, a famous doctor in the Warring States Period, said &; If uot is drunk for a long time, it will collapse, steam tendons, hurt the spirit and life. & uot is famous for drinking in the Tang Dynasty, calling himself & uot drunkard & uot Bai Juyi, also known as&UOT food and wine, which is believed to be rotten sausage paste. Su Shi, a poet in Song Dynasty, also strongly emphasized the importance of abstinence from drinking. Hu Sihui's Eat and Drink in Yuan Dynasty goes:&; Uot drinking too much is the source of death. & UOT Mao Ming elaborated the relationship between drinking and health preservation in the Dietary Guide. He believes that if people want to live a long life, they must first control drinking. He said:&uot wine has many kinds and tastes, including sweet, bitter, sour, light and pungent, all of which are hot and toxic. Many times, it helps the fire to produce phlegm, faints the software, hurts the muscles and bones, hurts the spleen and stomach, consumes lung qi and dies. & UOT's Compendium of Materia Medica quotes Shao's poem:&; Uot had a few drinks. This is the beauty of drinking. The so-called drunkenness is not about wine, and the pot is high. If the husband is too ill and drunk as usual, it will lead to illness and failure, and even national subjugation, which is more harmful than words. This is why Dayu was so careless and Duke Zhou was so accommodating, which set a good example for the world. A Qing Liang listed many hazards of alcoholism in his "240 Sentences on Wine" and advised people to give up drinking. Modern science has confirmed that these understandings and statements of the ancients are correct.
Correct drinking method
Some people may think that drinking is a very simple thing, but it is not. Drinking is actually a kind of enjoyment, with a high level and a lot of knowledge. Especially in ancient times, people not only paid attention to the quality of wine, but also paid great attention to the environment and way of drinking, such as when to drink, when not to drink, where to drink, what to drink and how to drink. For example, regarding the ideal drinking environment, Hao Bin made the following summary:
People who drink: elegant, chivalrous, straightforward, forgetful, confidant, old friend, jade man, Kerr.
Drinking places: Huaxia, Bamboo Forest, Gaojian, Painting Boat, Youguan, Qushi, Pingxi and Lianhua Pavilion. In addition, spring drinking is suitable for the court, summer drinking is effective, autumn drinking is suitable for the ship, winter drinking is suitable for the room, and night drinking is suitable for the bright moon.
Drinking time: spring effect, flower time, love autumn, petal green, inch fog, snow, new moon and cool night.
Products: light, wonderful today, union, fragrance, flowers, music, and tempering.
Prohibition of alcohol: on birthdays, staying up late, earnestly persuading alcohol, quarreling, avoiding alcohol, being evil, indecent and pretending to be drunk.
Drinking stalls: walking, resting on pillows, sitting on rocks, parting, fishing, landing, boiling springs and throwing pots (Volume III of Complete Works of Hao Bin's Wine Administration).
Specifically:
(1) Be in a good mood when drinking.
The ancients believed that wine should not be drunk indiscriminately, but only when the body and mood were normal. Don't drink alcohol when you are unwell, too sad or angry. Otherwise it will damage your health. According to the theory of traditional Chinese medicine, when people are angry, their liver qi will rise, their faces will turn red, and they will have headaches and dizziness. If they drink again, plus the role of ethanol, it is more suitable to get out of control, resulting in unimaginable consequences.
In order to achieve the best mood when drinking, the ancients also explored methods that still seem to be imitated so far: choosing the right time: such as the cool autumn moon, sunny weather, rain and snow; Flowers are blooming, and the new wine is ripe at first; Old friends, drinking when they meet again after a long separation, can realize the desire of the host and guest to ask for advice; Moxibustion is dry during the day and rainy on cloudy days; When I get home near dusk, I feel irritable and don't come over soon, but I shouldn't drink on other days.
Choose the right occasion: whether it's the open air, boating in the open air or the restaurant in the house, as long as it makes people feel elegant and comfortable, it's the best occasion for drinking.
The ancients had&; Uot mountain drinks and uot, and. Uot, drink water And. Uot bank of communications uot, and. Uot Wild Drinks and uot I like to drink during sightseeing. Therefore, the places where they drink are often not in elegant halls or noisy places, but at the top of the mountain, by the stream, or in the countryside, in the green, in this beautiful scenery, breathing fresh air will make people pleasing to the eye, relaxed and happy, and their interest in drinking will naturally multiply. The breeze on the river and the bright moon in the mountains made Su Shi, a scholar in the Song Dynasty, drink in the Chibi River and wrote the poem "Red Cliff Fu" handed down from generation to generation. Li Bai also used the&uot Road, where the music is full of color and the lake returns to the moon. Bai Ou can't shut up and fight for the booze & uot's poems describe the joy of drinking in the enchanting artistic conception of lakes and mountains and Bai Ou. Its taste is really hard to understand under the bright candles of Gaotang.
(2) Drink with warm wine
The ancients drank more enthusiastically. The warm wine vessels in Shang and Zhou Dynasties are a strong proof. Why do you want to drink wine warm? Yuan Jiaming said:&; All drinks of uot should be warm, not hot. Uot, but drinking cold wine is not good, I think &; Uot's drinking cold wine turned into a hand-beating (that is, shaking). Lu Rong, an Amin from & uot, recorded his personal feelings and experiences in Miscellanies of Ji Gu: UOT heard a doctor say that' wine is not suitable for cold drinks' was quite abrupt, saying that it was an unknown theory of Danxi. A few years later, I got dysentery in autumn, which led to this treatment. Yun said, "Do you drink more cold wine?" Zi claimed that in order to obey Danxi's words, he often used cold drinks and alcohol in summer. Medical cloud:' Danxi knows the harm of hot wine, but not the harm of cold wine, especially! Hot wine can hurt the lungs because of its good nature, but it is mostly for promoting qi and blood circulation; Cold wine is harmless to the lungs, and the stomach hates cold. Drinking too much will lead to qi stagnation. The cover is neither too hot nor too cold, which suits it. & ampuot
Both of them have a point. Because in addition to ethanol, wine also contains harmful substances such as methanol, fusel oil, acetaldehyde and lead. Methanol is harmful to eyesight. Ten milliliters of methanol can cause blindness, and too much intake can be life-threatening. But the boiling point of methanol is 64.7 degrees Celsius, which is lower than that of ethanol, which is 78.3 degrees Celsius. Heating with boiling water or alcohol fire will turn into gas evaporation. Acetaldehyde is the main component of the pungent smell of wine. Excessive inhalation will lead to dizziness and other drunkenness, and its boiling point is only 2 1 degree Celsius, which can be volatilized with slightly hot water. At the same time, in the process of wine heating, alcohol will also volatilize, so that the harmful components in wine will be much less and the harm to human body will be less. Of course, the temperature of the wine should not be too high. If the wine is overheated, it will damage your health. Second, too much ethanol will volatilize, and even the best wine will be tasteless. (3) When drinking with uot, you must swallow it. uot
Many of us in modern times often say cheers when drinking. It seems that a glass of dry people feel happy and generous. In fact, it is unscientific to drink like this. The correct way to drink should be to drink lightly and slowly. Lu's Spring and Autumn Annals says:&; Uot is healthy, ... if you drink it, you will swallow it, and you will be innocent. & UOT Long Ming Zunchai said in "Gentleman's Words on Diet":&; Drink uot too much and too fast, otherwise it will damage the stomach and lungs. The lung is the most important part of the heart, liver, spleen, kidney and lung, just like the hood of the emperor's car, which can't be damaged. & uot Zhu Yizun, a native of the Qing Dynasty, also said in the book "The Secret of Food Xian Hong": & Uot drinking can't be rough and fast, it will hurt the lungs. The lungs are covered by five internal organs, especially don't get hurt. And the rough speed is not good. & uot Tsui Hark also thinks that UOT urgent washing is not appropriate &; Uot should eat and drink slowly, which can not only improve the taste but also help digestion, and will not cause excessive burden to the spleen and stomach. In the "Tiaoding Collection", it is clearly stated that it is forbidden to drink fast.
(4) Don't mix drinks.
Ren Yuan Maoming said in "Dietary Instructions": uot eating and drinking is the way of keeping in good health, but I don't know that the physical properties are against it. It's a gossip, as small as disharmony between the five internal organs and as big as a disaster, which is also harmful to the health. So is wine. Besides ethanol, various wines contain other different ingredients, some of which should not be mixed. Drinking a variety of wines together will produce some new harmful ingredients, which will make people feel uncomfortable and have a headache. Qing Sheng Lu once warned people:&; Uot, don't mix wine. After drinking it, although the drinker is drunk, he is deeply loved by his drinkers. & UOT, for example, said:&; Hu Shi, a scholar of uot in Ye Wan, used the wine left by various families as a tool to be a guest from the winter solstice. Halfway through the banquet, the guests were scared, and they warned each other privately. When in doubt, when asked, one person said,' A certain gentleman's family has Bai's milk.' & ampuot
In addition, medicinal liquor is not suitable for banquets. Medicinal liquor generally contains a variety of Chinese herbal medicine ingredients. For example, some medicinal ingredients may conflict with some ingredients in food, which makes people uncomfortable.
(5) Don't drink on an empty stomach.
There is an old saying in China called &; Uot is angry on an empty stomach and doesn't drink &; Uot believes that drinking must be accompanied by delicious food. Don Sun Simiao also reminded people not to drink alcohol on an empty stomach in "A Thousand Girls in the Diet Prescription". Because alcohol will be decomposed by the liver after entering the human body, if there is no food in the gastrointestinal tract at this time, alcohol is most easily absorbed quickly, leading to muscle disorder and liver damage. Therefore, drinking should be accompanied by dishes and fruits with high nutritional value, which is also a trick to drink for health.
(6) Don't drink hard liquor.
When drinking, you can't force others to persuade you, you can't win in anger, and you can't drink. Juck Zhang said that in the introduction of "The Drinking Club"? Uot, there are three kinds of people who drink. Good drinkers need not be persuaded, and those who refuse to drink cannot be persuaded. Only one person who can drink so he doesn't drink should be persuaded, but if he can drink so he doesn't drink, he has deceived himself first, so what can I do to persuade him? So, I think, I don't ask if I am a guest, but when I like to weigh myself and drink, I don't need to convince anyone. & uot Ruan Kuisheng, a native of A Qing Dynasty, quoted Chen Jiting as saying in Tea Guests Talk:&uot drinking is hard to persuade people to get drunk, and iFLYTEK is a guest, otherwise, it will change the meaning. A gentleman drinks alcohol and honestly measures his feelings. There is always a reason why literati are timid and elegant. The husband is just a servant of the government, polite, generous and happy. & uot Although there is contempt for the working people in his words, it is extremely desirable for him not to persuade people to get drunk.
(7) Drink less tea.
Since ancient times, many drinkers often like to drink tea after drinking, thinking that drinking tea can relieve alcohol. Actually, it is not. Drinking tea after drinking is very harmful to your health. Li Shizhen said:&; Uot drinks tea after drinking, causing kidney injury, heavy fall of waist and feet, cold pain of bladder, edema, thirst and twin pain. & UOT Li Yizun also said:&; Uot is thirsty after drinking. Don't drink water, drink more tea. Tea is cold and enters the kidney with wine, which is poisonous water. Today, my waist and feet fell heavily, and the cold pain in my bladder is edema, thirst quenching and double pain &; Uot Modern science has confirmed what they call the kidney damage caused by drinking tea. According to the ancient way of keeping in good health, it is advisable to use fruit to sober up after drinking, or use sugar cane and white radish to sober up.