1. Is there a cell membrane? Cytoplasm, with ribosomes, can be transcribed and translated to synthesize protein.

2. Both have DNA and RNA, and both take DNA as genetic material.

(2) the difference:?

1. Size difference: prokaryotic cells are small, eukaryotic cells are large.

2. Species difference: bacteria, cyanobacteria, actinomycetes, chlamydia and mycoplasma.

Animals, plants, fungi, Chlamydomonas, green algae, red algae, etc.

3. Cell wall: Prokaryotes are peptidoglycan, while eukaryotes are cellulose and pectin.

4. Cytoplasmic organelles:

Prokaryotic cells do not contain complex organelles, but some can carry out photosynthesis and aerobic respiration. These sites are located in cytoplasm matrix and cell membrane respectively. Such as photosynthetic bacteria, cyanobacteria and nitrifying bacteria.

Mature mesophyll cells in higher plants are unique: cell walls, vacuoles and chloroplasts.

Lower plant cells are unique: cell walls, vacuoles, chloroplasts and centrosomes.

Animal cells are unique: centrosomes, (without cell walls, chloroplasts and large vacuoles).

They all take DNA as genetic material:

Prokaryotic cell DNA exists in pseudonuclei and plasmids. No chromosome structure.

(Chromosomes consist of DNA and protein)

Eukaryotic DNA is in the nucleus, mitochondria or chloroplasts.

6. The inheritance of prokaryotes does not follow Mendel's genetic law, and its variation depends on gene mutation, so cells cannot undergo mitosis and meiosis.

The inheritance of eukaryotes follows Mendel's inheritance law, and its variation sources include gene mutation, gene recombination and chromosome variation.

7. Reproductive model:

Prokaryotes only reproduce asexually, mainly by division.

Eukaryotic cells have sexual reproduction, while yeast has sexual reproduction in bad environment and asexual reproduction in good environment.

8. From the composition of the ecosystem:

Some prokaryotes that can synthesize photosynthetic active energy belong to producers and are autotrophs. Such as photosynthetic bacteria, cyanobacteria and nitrifying bacteria.

Most bacteria are decomposers, such as Escherichia coli and lactic acid bacteria.

Some are consumers, such as rhizobia.