Stripping and Extraction of Engineering Quantity in Construction Budget The compilation method of design drawings of highway construction projects in China is different from that of housing construction projects (the country now implements the valuation mode of bill of quantities of construction projects). As the basic data for compiling project cost, engineering quantity is usually calculated by designers while completing design drawings. Before compiling the project cost, the cost engineer should be familiar with the design drawings and check the engineering quantity. Therefore, the key of construction valuation is how to extract the engineering quantity from the design drawings. In the budget work, the valuation of bridge engineering is more complicated, accounting for the largest proportion in the cost document. In addition, the continuous development of bridge design and construction technology in recent years and the wide application of new structures, new materials and new technologies have increased the difficulty of project cost valuation. According to the characteristics of bridge construction technology, the basic information of its cost includes the following two aspects: (1) main works, including bridge foundation, lower and upper works. The general design drawings have been given, and it is relatively easy to determine the various quantities of valuation according to the quota requirements. (2) Ancillary works: only contribute to the formation of the main project, measures that must be taken to complete the main project, and some facilities to be demolished after completion. This situation is complicated, such as foundation excavation, cofferdam, drainage, working platform, casing, mud boat and its circulation system. ; It belongs to the upper and lower engineering, including arch cap, bracket, lifting equipment, lifting formwork, construction elevator, etc. It is not only related to the foundation, but also related to the superstructure, such as concrete component transportation, prefabrication yard and its facilities (such as large prefabricated component foundation, tensioning pedestal, gantry, etc.). ), mixing station (ship) and steam curing facilities. In addition to foundation excavation, the valuation quantities of these auxiliary projects should be determined according to the actual situation of construction projects and the requirements of construction organization design, and with reference to previous successful experiences. It is not reflected in the design drawings, and has strong plasticity, which has an extremely important impact on the project cost. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to correctly determine the valuation quantity. 2. There are many projects to extract the valuation of bridge and culvert engineering, and it is difficult to calculate and extract the engineering quantity. Practice has proved that it is generally more accurate and faster to extract quantities according to the usual construction sequence. That is, according to the order of foundation excavation → foundation → lower works → upper works, and corresponding auxiliary works, the working procedure is systematized to avoid missing items or repeated mistakes to the maximum extent. Extraction method of engineering quantity of each branch of bridge 1 foundation pit excavation According to different conditions such as earthwork, stonework, depth, dry place or wet place, combined with the river bed water level during construction, the number of cofferdams, the consumption standard of foundation pit drainage and the technical safety measures that must be taken are reasonably determined. Understand the long-distance transportation and treatment of foundation excavation garbage, restore the original topography and dredging the river. The above items are determined according to the principle of proceeding from reality and leaving no hidden dangers, and the required expenses are included in the project cost. 2 Foundation Engineering There are many structural forms of bridge foundation engineering, such as masonry, concrete, open caisson, piling, cast-in-place pile, etc., but digging piles, bored piles, masonry and concrete are generally used to expand the foundation. Foundation masonry and concrete masonry are usually called foundations on natural foundations. Masonry foundation shall be statistically summarized according to flaky and rubble respectively. When preparing the budget, special attention should be paid to dividing the mortar label. If the design label is different from the quota, it should be replaced. If there is only the total number of masonry in the design drawing, the price shall be 80% rubble and 20% rubble, respectively, considering the factors such as the outer edge of foundation and layered masonry. The construction technology of bored pile foundation is complex, and the calculation of engineering quantity should be combined with the actual situation and the implementation of construction organization design, so the following points should be paid attention to: (1) Select the model of drilling machine tool according to the on-site geological conditions, and determine the corresponding auxiliary engineering quantity according to eight kinds of drilling soils in the corresponding quota of different soil layers (note: the total hole depth quota should be implemented for different soils in the same hole, regardless of its attempt). The pile foundation geology of Ruxiwei Bridge is fine sand 1.8m→ weakly weathered granite 7.2 m→ weakly weathered granite 6m. Pile length 15m, designed pile diameter1.5m. It can be seen that the design is end-bearing pile, so GCF-2000 impact drilling rig is selected, and the quotas of 4-24-25, 4-24-3 1 and 4-24-32 are applied respectively. (2) When the cofferdam is used for island filling in drilling construction, the quantities of cofferdam and island filling can be determined according to the width of the outer edge of the pouring village of about 3.0m When calculating the number of buried liners, it should be regarded as "dry land". For example, the Jihai Bridge has 32 piles in the water. We design to use cofferdam to build islands and fill cores for drilling construction. When applying the quota, we compared the unit price of dry parts and wet parts, and the unit price of wet parts per ton of steel lining is about 6 times more than that of dry parts. Therefore, it is necessary to strictly distinguish between dry and wet quotas, otherwise the budget value will be greatly deviated. (3) Buried linings in dry places can generally be calculated according to the length or design quantity of each lining of 2.0m; Steel liners buried in water can be calculated according to the design quantity, and the recovery quantity can be calculated according to the regulations. For steel lining, we should pay attention to the following five points: ① As turnover amortization is considered in the dry part of the quota, the water is calculated according to the total design quality, and the recovery amount is calculated according to the recovery amount specified in the design. Therefore, it is necessary to calculate the quantity and quality of steel liners in dry places and water according to the water level investigated on site. (2) If the cofferdam is used in water, according to the land conditions, the steel casing will not be used in the whole length. (3) In general, the length of each pile casing is 2m (use length shall be spelled as required). When the liners are buried in a dry place, the design generally requires the burial depth to be 1.8m, with 0.2m clay rammed around, and the total length to be 1.8m+0.2m=2m. Therefore, when the casing is buried in a dry place, its length should be calculated as 2m. For information about construction enterprises, award-winning achievements, builders under construction, enterprise honors, industrial and commercial information, legal proceedings, etc., please visit Zhong Da Consulting, Construction Link or follow the official account of Zhong Da Consulting WeChat for inquiry.
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