Because of the special composition of feces, the bacterial culture of feces has its own characteristics. There are a large number of bacteria in the intestine, and there are many kinds. Normal people's intestines are often parasitic with Escherichia coli, aerogenes, Proteus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Neisseria gonorrhoeae and so on. These bacteria are not pathogenic in normal intestinal cavities. However, intestinal diseases can also cause diseases. The common intestinal pathogens are Shigella dysenteriae, Salmonella, Vibrio cholerae, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, halophilic bacteria and Proteus. Because of these characteristics, it is required to be different from other specimens in collection, processing and culture methods.

Generally, stool samples are collected with sterile cotton swabs, and fresh stools containing mucus and purulent blood should be selected, placed in sterile containers and sent for inspection in time. At the same time, we should pay attention to the collection at the early stage of the disease (the positive rate of typhoid patients is high within two weeks) and before using antibiotics to improve the positive rate. For dysentery, if you can't get feces, you can also use a rectal swab, that is, soak the sterilized cotton fiber with normal saline, insert it into the anus, and gently rotate it for 4 ~ 5 cm before taking it out. Gastroenteritis caused by staphylococci can be treated with feces or vomit. Mycobacterium tuberculosis can be cultured in 3 ~ 5g feces, and then the bacteria can be collected by saturated saline floating method and inoculated in test tubes. The methods of fecal culture vary greatly according to the strains and genera cultivated. These are highly specialized technical issues, so I won't elaborate on them here.

There are generally two contents in the fecal bacteria culture report: First, what kind of bacteria is the pathogen, and clearly report that "the pathogen is XX bacteria", which belongs to "XX". The second is drug sensitivity test, which reports the sensitivity of drugs to bacteria. Generally, it can be divided into four types: high sensitivity, moderate sensitivity, mild sensitivity and drug resistance. Although drugs are not the content of bacterial culture, they are generally prepared together in clinic, mainly to provide useful reference for clinical medication.

Generally speaking, the report of fecal bacterial culture is more reliable. It is of great significance for the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of various intestinal diseases such as bacillary dysentery, typhoid fever, paratyphoid fever, cholera and halophilic food poisoning.